〔海〕辨表里中三说 假令少阳症，头痛，往来寒热，脉浮，此三症但有其一，即为表也。口失滋味，腹
中不和，大小便或闭而不通，或泄而不调，但有其一，即为里也。如无上下表里症，余皆虚热也，是
病在其中矣。
阳毒之为病，面赤斑斑如锦纹，咽喉痛，唾脓血，五日可治，七日不可治。宜升麻鳖甲汤。
升麻（二两） 当归 蜀椒（炒，去汗） 甘草（各一两） 鳖甲（手指大一片） 雄黄（研，半两）
上六味，以水四升，煮取一升，顿服之，取汗愈。《肘后》、《千金方》阳毒升麻汤有桂，无鳖甲，
阴毒用甘草汤，无雄黄。
〔《活》〕阳毒升麻汤 治伤寒一二日，便成阳毒，或服药吐下之后，变成阳毒。腰背痛，烦闷不安，面
赤，狂言奔走，或见鬼，或下利，脉浮大数，面赤斑斑如锦纹，咽喉痛，下脓血，五日可治，七日不可治。
升麻 犀角（镑） 射干 黄芩 人参 甘草（各等分）
上 咀，水煎服，食顷再服。温覆手足，出汗则解，不解重作。
阳毒栀子汤 治阳毒伤寒发热，百节疼痛。
升麻 黄芩 杏仁（各二钱） 栀子 赤芍（各一钱） 石膏（二钱） 知母 大青（各一钱） 甘草（五分）
柴胡（一钱半）
上 咀，每服半两，姜五片，豉百粒，同煎。
大黄散 治阳毒伤寒未解，热在内，恍惚如狂。
大黄（一两半） 桂心（三分） 甘草（炙） 芒硝 木通 大腹皮（各一两） 桃仁（二十一枚）
上 咀，水煎服，以利为度。
〔海〕葛根散 治阳毒身热如火，头痛躁渴，咽喉干痛。
葛根（七钱半） 黄芩 大黄（醋炒） 甘草 山栀 朴硝（各半两）
上 咀，水煎服。
〔《活》〕黑奴丸 治时行病六七日，未得汗，脉洪大或数，面赤目痛，身体大热，烦躁，狂言欲走，
大渴甚。又五六日以上不解，热在胸中，口噤不能言，为坏伤寒，医所不治。或人精魄已竭，心下尚暖，
拨开其口灌药，下咽即活。兼治阳毒及发斑。
麻黄（去节，泡，三两） 大黄（二两） 釜底煤（研） 黄芩 芒硝 灶突墨（研） 梁上尘 小
麦奴（各一两）
上为末，炼蜜丸，如弹子大，新汲水研下一丸。渴者，与冷水尽饮之。须臾当寒，寒竟汗出，便瘥。
若无汗，再服一丸，须微利，效。小麦奴，即小麦未熟时，丛中不成麦捻之成黑勃是也。此药须是病患大
渴，倍常躁盛者，乃可与之。若不渴者，服之反为祸耳。
脉洪大，内外结热，舌卷焦黑，鼻中如烟煤，宜以水渍布薄之。叠布数重，新水渍之，稍 去水，搭
于胸上，须臾蒸热，又渍冷如前薄之，仍换新水数十易。热甚者，置病患于水中，势才退则已，亦一良法也。
丹砂丸 治伤寒阴阳二毒相伏，危恶形症。
舶上硫黄 水银 太阴石 玄精石（各一两） 硝石（半两） 太阳石（一两）
上为末，用无油铫子，以文武火炒上项药，令匀，如灰色，研极细，生姜自然汁浸，炊饼丸如绿
豆大。每服五丸，龙脑、生姜、蜜水下，压其躁也。若阳毒，枣汤下。阴毒，白汤下。不许于屋底炒。
[Hai Zang] Differentiating between Exterior, Interior, and Middle Concepts
Suppose Shaoyang disease symptoms appear, such as headache, alternating chills and fever, or a floating pulse. If any one of these three symptoms is present, it indicates an Exterior syndrome (Biao Zheng). Loss of taste in the mouth, discomfort in the abdomen, or constipation/diarrhea with irregularity; if any one of these is present, it indicates an Interior syndrome (Li Zheng). In the absence of the aforementioned Exterior/Interior symptoms, the remaining conditions belong to Deficient Heat (Xu Re), indicating that the pathogen is located in the Middle (half-exterior/half-interior).
Yang Poison (Yang Du) manifests as facial erythema with mottled patterns resembling brocade, sore throat, and expectoration of pus and blood. It is treatable within five days but difficult to cure after seven days. Shengma Biejia Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Softshell Turtle Shell Decoction) is indicated.
Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, 2 liang) Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) Shujiao (Fructus Zanthoxyli, stir-fried to remove moisture) Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, each 1 liang) Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis, one piece the size of a finger) Xionghuang (Realgar, ground, 0.5 liang)
The above six ingredients are decocted in four sheng of water until one sheng remains. Take orally at once. Recovery occurs with sweating. The *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up the Sleeve) and *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) contain Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi) and lack Biejia for Yang Poison; Yin Poison uses Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction) without Xionghuang.
[Lu Qiyuan's *Ren Shen Da Quan Shu* / "Huoren Shu"] Yang Poison Shengma Tang treats Shanghan (Cold Damage) progressing to Yang Poison within one or two days, or transforming into Yang Poison after emetic or purgative treatment. Symptoms include back pain, restlessness, facial redness, delirious speech, running about, hallucinations, diarrhea, a floating-large-rapid pulse, facial erythema with brocade-like patterns, sore throat, and passage of pus and blood. Treatable within five days, difficult after seven.
Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae) Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis, sliced) Shegan (Rhizoma Belamcandae) Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae) Renshen (Radix Ginseng) Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, equal parts)
Crush the herbs, decoct in water, and take orally. Repeat after a meal interval. Cover the body to warm the extremities; recovery occurs with sweating. If unresolved, prepare again.
Yang Poison Zhizi Tang treats Yang Poison Shanghan with fever and pain in all joints.
Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae) Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae) Xingren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae, each 2 qian) Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae) Chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra, each 1 qian) Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 qian) Zhimu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae) Daqing (Folium Isatidis, each 1 qian) Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, 0.5 qian) Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri, 1.5 qian)
Crush the herbs. For each dose of half liang, add five slices of Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) and one hundred grains of Chi (Semen Sojae Preparatum), and decoct together.
Dahuang San treats unresolved Yang Poison Shanghan with internal heat causing mental confusion resembling mania.
Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, 1.5 liang) Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi, 3 fen) Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried) Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) Mutong (Caulis Akebiae) Dafupi (Pericarpium Arecae) each 1 liang) Taoren (Semen Persicae, 21 pieces)
Crush the herbs, decoct in water, and take orally. Stop when bowel movement is achieved.
[Hai Zang] Gegen San treats Yang Poison with intense body heat like fire, headache, irritability, thirst, dry and painful throat.
Gegen (Radix Puerariae, 7.5 qian) Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae) Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, vinegar-fried) Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) Shanzhi (Fructus Gardeniae) Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, each 0.5 liang)
Crush the herbs, decoct in water, and take orally.
[Lu Qiyuan's *Ren Shen Da Quan Shu*] Heinu Wan (Black Slave Pill) treats epidemic diseases lasting six or seven days without sweating, presenting with a large or rapid pulse, facial redness, eye pain, high body heat, irritability, delirious speech, desire to run, and extreme thirst. If unresolved after five or six days, with heat in the chest, trismus preventing speech, constituting "Ruined Shanghan" untreatable by physicians, or where vital essence is exhausted but the heart region remains warm: pry open the mouth, administer the medicine, and life returns upon swallowing. It also treats Yang Poison and macular eruptions.
Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae, nodes removed, soaked, 3 liang) Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, 2 liang) Fudi Mei (Coal from the bottom of the cauldron, ground) Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae) Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) Zaotu Mo (Ink from the stove flue, ground) Liangshang Chen (Dust from roof beams) Xiaomai Nu (Germs of Triticum aestivum before ripening, each 1 liang)
Grind into powder, bind with refined honey into pills the size of a bullet. Dissolve one pill in fresh well water and ingest. For thirst, allow drinking cold water freely. Soon, chills will occur, followed by sweating and recovery. If no sweat, take another pill; mild diarrhea indicates efficacy. Xiaomai Nu refers to the blackened germ clusters of immature wheat. This medicine is only suitable for patients with extreme thirst and severe agitation. If not thirsty, administration may cause harm.
For a large pulse, internal and external heat accumulation, curled and scorched-black tongue, and nose appearing like soot: apply wet cloth compresses. Stack several layers of cloth, soak in fresh water, wring slightly, and place on the chest. When it warms up, re-soak in cold water and apply again. Change with fresh water dozens of times. For severe heat, immerse the patient in water until heat subsides. This is also a good method.
Dansha Wan treats critical conditions caused by the intermingling of Yin and Yang Poisons in Shanghan.
Bo Shang Huhuang (Sulfur imported from overseas) Shuiyin (Hydrargyrum) Taiyin Shi (Talcum) Xuanjing Shi (Calcitum) each 1 liang) Xiaoshi (Nitrums) 0.5 liang) Taiyang Shi (Sal Ammoniac, 1 liang)
Grind into powder. Stir-fry the above ingredients evenly in a non-oily pot using alternating gentle and strong heat until gray. Grind extremely fine. Soak in fresh ginger juice and bind with steamed bread dough into pills the size of green beans. Take five pills per dose with Longnao (Camphora), ginger juice, and honey water to suppress agitation. For Yang Poison, take with Jujube Decoction. For Yin Poison, take with plain boiled water. Do not stir-fry under a roof.