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[From *Huoren Shu*] Fever, aversion to cold, body pain, and a floating pulse indicate an exterior syndrome (Biao Zheng). The exterior syndrome is characterized by aversion to cold. Aversion to cold belongs to the Taiyang (Greater Yang) channel; it is appropriate to treat it with sweating methods.

[Cheng Wuji] Aversion to cold generally belongs to the exterior. Even if all interior symptoms are present, slight aversion to cold indicates that the exterior pathogen has not yet been resolved. One should still first resolve the exterior. Only when aversion to cold ceases, indicating the exterior is resolved, can one attack the interior.

If there is no aversion to cold but rather aversion to heat, sweating in the palms and axillae, dryness in the stomach, accumulated pathogens with tidal fever, hard stools, normal urination, abdominal fullness with wheezing, or delirious speech, and a deep and slippery pulse, this is an interior syndrome (Li Zheng). The interior syndrome refers to internal heat. Internal heat belongs to the Yangming (Yang Brightness) channel; it is appropriate to treat it with purgation. In typhoid fever, initially there is fever and aversion to cold. Now, after sweating, there is no aversion to cold, but only intensified fever and restlessness. Initially the pulse was floating and large, now it is surging and solid, or deep, rapid, and fine. Initially the patient was calm, now speaking wildly. This is stomach excess with flourishing yang. Another sweat will cause death; purgation is required for recovery. There are cases where yang-excess symptoms appear immediately upon contracting the disease; purgation must be applied immediately without being constrained by the number of days. Furthermore, if there is severe oppression from the chest to the abdomen and umbilicus, abdominal pain, inability to sit or lie comfortably, and extreme suffocation and wheezing, regardless of other symptoms, purgation should be administered directly. If purgation is delayed, qi and blood flow will be blocked, leading to cold extremities. If physicians do not recognize this and mistakenly suspect yin-cold collapse, administering hot medicines again will bring disaster swiftly. This must be carefully examined.

[Cheng Wuji] Pathogens lodging in the exterior are cold pathogens; struggling with yang results in cold. Pathogens entering the interior are heat pathogens; struggling with yin results in heat. Pathogens in the half-exterior half-interior struggle outwardly with yang causing cold, and inwardly with yin causing heat, hence alternating chills and fever. If pathogens are mostly in the exterior, there is more cold; if mostly in the interior, there is more heat; if half in the exterior and half in the interior, chills and fever are also mixed. For pathogens in the exterior, one must soak the body to induce sweating. For pathogens in the interior, one must cleanse the bowels to promote evacuation. For those neither strictly exterior nor interior, but in the half-exterior half-interior, neither sweating nor emesis/purgation are suitable; reconciliation (He Jie) is appropriate. Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is a reconciliation formula.

[From *Huoren Shu*] Exterior syndromes of typhoid fever require sweating; interior syndromes require purgation. This is an unchangeable principle. Releasing the exterior and attacking the interior are fundamentally different; Kansui (Kansui Radix) and Shen Dan (Divine Pill, a strong purgative) should not be mixed. Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) and Chengqi Tangs should not be administered simultaneously. However, suppose a patient has a floating and large pulse, indicating an exterior syndrome requiring sweating, yet presents with fever, irritability, thirst, and red urine, indicating a need for purgation. This is simultaneous exterior and interior presentation; Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) should be used. Suppose typhoid fever involves constipation for six or seven days with headache and fever, indicating an interior syndrome requiring purgation, yet the urine is clear, indicating the disease is not in the interior but remains in the exterior. Sweating is required. This is simultaneous presentation; purgation should be withheld, and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) should be given. Suppose a patient has epigastric fullness, desire not to eat, hard stools, and a deep, fine pulse, indicating an interior syndrome requiring purgation; yet the patient has head sweating, slight aversion to cold, and cold hands and feet, indicating a need for sweating. This simultaneous presentation corresponds to Zhang Zhongjing's description of "half in the exterior, half in the interior"; Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) should be used. Suppose Taiyin (Greater Yin) disease exists with unresolved exterior symptoms, and the physician repeatedly purges, leading to persistent diarrhea with heat, and epigastric hardness. Zhang Zhongjing calls this "unresolved exterior and interior"; Guizhi Renshen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ginseng Decoction) should be used.

Originally Taiyang disease, if treated incorrectly with purgation, resulting in abdominal pain, indicates both exterior and interior involvement. Zhang Zhongjing uses Guizhi Ji Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Augmented with Peony Root). For severe pain, Guizhi Jia Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction Augmented with Rhubarb) is used. It is also stated: In Taiyang disease with Guizhi syndrome, if treated incorrectly with purgation leading to persistent diarrhea, a rapid pulse indicates the exterior is unresolved; wheezing and sweating indicate Ge Gen Huang Qin Huang Lian Tang (Kudzu, Scutellaria, and Coptis Decoction) should be used. These are all Zhang Zhongjing's methods for treating typhoid fever with simultaneous exterior and interior symptoms.

[Hai Zang] Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) treats conditions with heat in both the exterior and interior. To treat exterior involvement, manifested as floating pulse, headache, aversion to wind, or aversion to cold, if one or two of these four symptoms persist after thirteen days beyond the usual transmission period, it indicates unresolved disease. To treat interior involvement, manifested as delirium,妄语 (wild speech), or throwing hands and staring upward, these are urgent interior conditions. If one attempts sweating, the interior condition is already urgent; if one attempts purgation, the exterior condition persists. In such cases, Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) is universally appropriate.

After four or five days of typhoid fever, or beyond the transmission period without exterior symptoms, yet where purgation is not yet indicated for interior symptoms, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) can be used with modifications. It can even be used after ten days. If Xiao Chai Hu Tang fails after ten days, and stools are hard, allowing for purgation based on symptoms, Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) should be used for purgation. Because the disease has passed through the meridians, the patient is slightly deficient; using Da Chai Hu Tang is safer, as Chengqi Tangs may be too harsh for the patient to tolerate. Zhang Zhongjing said: After six or seven days, if vision is unclear and eyes are unresponsive, without obvious exterior or interior symptoms, difficulty in defecation, and slight body heat, this is excess; purgation is required, and Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) is appropriate. He also said: If a patient has no exterior or interior symptoms, fever for seven or eight days, and although the pulse is floating and rapid, Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) can be used for purgation. If purgation has been performed, the rapid pulse persists, and after six or seven days there is no defecation, this indicates blood stasis; Didang Tang (Hit-and-Kill Decoction) is indicated.

Treating typhoid fever requires distinguishing between exterior and interior. If exterior and interior are not distinguished, errors in sweating and purgation occur, which is not the way of a skilled physician. Consider fever: body heat without thirst indicates heat in the exterior; Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) augmented with Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) is used. Cold extremities with a slippery pulse indicate heat in the interior; Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction with Ginseng) is used. Consider water retention: retching, mild diarrhea, fever, and cough indicate water in the exterior; Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Green Dragon Decoction) augmented with Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos) is used. Cool body with resolved exterior symptoms, cough, and hypochondriac pain indicate water in the interior; Shizao Tang (Ten Jujube Decoction) is used. Consider aversion to cold: aversion to cold with heat indicates onset in the Yang channels; Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), and Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) are used. Aversion to cold without heat indicates onset in the Yin channels; Fuzi (Aconite Root) and Sini Tang (Recover the Yielding Decoction) are used. Consider body pain: floating pulse, fever, headache, and body pain indicate unresolved exterior; Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is used. Deep pulse with spontaneous diarrhea and body pain indicate interior disharmony; Sini Tang (Recover the Yielding Decoction) is used. From this, we see Zhang Zhongjing's methods for exterior and interior are very detailed; students should investigate them deeply.

[Hai Zang] What constitutes the half-exterior half-interior? Pathogens between Ying (Nutrient) and Wei (Defensive) levels are called half-exterior half-interior. Between Taiyang and Yangming, Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) resides in the half-exterior half-interior of the body. Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) distinguishes yin and yang, representing the half-exterior half-interior of the Bladder channel. Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) treats vomiting and diarrhea, representing the upper and lower half-exterior half-interior.

[From *Huoren Shu*] Taiyang, Yangming, and Shaoyang all belong to Yang syndromes. Taiyang is the Bladder; symptoms include fever, aversion to cold, headache, lower back pain, and a floating pulse. Yangming is the Stomach; symptoms include no aversion to cold but aversion to heat, sweating, constipation, tidal fever, and a long pulse. Shaoyang is the Gallbladder; symptoms include bitter taste, dry throat, hypochondriac fullness, fever with vomiting, or alternating chills and fever, and a wiry pulse. Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), Da Qinglong Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction), and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) treat Taiyang wind-cold. Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction), Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Qi Decoction), Xiaochengqi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction), and Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) treat Yangming typhoid. Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) treats Shaoyang typhoid. Other medicines treat symptoms after sweating, emesis, or purgation. If yang qi flourishes exclusively and yin qi suddenly perishes, it becomes Yang Du (Yang Poison); symptoms include agitation, manic running, delirium, red face, sore throat, skin spots like brocade, or yellow-red diarrhea, with a surging, solid, slippery, or rapid pulse. Sour and bitter medicines should be administered to restore yin qi, leading to resolution via heavy sweating. Ancients said: "Sour and bitter induce vomiting and purgation, belonging to Yin." Examples include Kushen (Sophora Root), Daqingye (Isatis Leaf), Tingli (Descurainia Seed), and vinegar, all restoring yin qi. Mildly use bitter; severely, combine sour and bitter to reduce heat and restore yin. If extreme heat causes cold limbs (Yang syndrome resembling Yin), students must distinguish by pulse.

Taiyin, Shaoyin, and Jueyin all belong to Yin syndromes. What is Taiyin syndrome? Taiyin Spleen channel governs chest and diaphragm distension. What is Shaoyin syndrome? Shaoyin Kidney channel governs fine pulse, heart vexation, desire to sleep, or spontaneous diarrhea with thirst. What is Jueyin syndrome? Juevin Liver channel governs excessive thirst, qi rushing up to the heart, heart pain and heat, hunger without desire to eat, vomiting worms after eating, and persistent diarrhea if purged. For cold in the Three Yin channels: mild cases use Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction); slight cold limbs or cold-induced diarrhea use Ganjiang Gancao Tang (Ginger and Licorice Decoction). Severe cases use Sini Tang (Recover the Yielding Decoction). Absent pulse uses Tongmai Sini Tang (Restore Pulse Recover the Yielding Decoction). If yin qi flourishes exclusively and yang qi suddenly perishes, it becomes Yin Du (Yin Poison); symptoms include cold extremities, severe abdominal pain, body feeling like being beaten, deep solid pulse, vomiting or diarrhea. Emergency moxibustion below the umbilicus and administration of acrid-hot medicines are required to restore yang qi, leading to resolution via heavy sweating. Ancients said: "Acrid and sweet disperse and ascend, belonging to Yang." Examples include Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Gancao (Licorice Root), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), and Fuzi (Aconite Root), all restoring yang qi. Mildly use acrid-sweet; severely, use acrid-bitter. Bitter cures extreme yin heat and restlessness; Yin syndrome resembling Yang must also be distinguished by pulse.

[Luo Zhi Di] Differentiation of Yin and Yang Syndromes. The eldest son of Li Jun, Judicial Intendant of Jingjiang Prefecture, aged nineteen, contracted typhoid fever for nine days in April. Physicians treated him as a Yin syndrome, administering Fuzi Lizhong Wan (Aconite Regulate the Middle Pills) several times, worsening his condition. Another physician treated him as a Yang syndrome, leading to conflicting opinions and hesitation to take medicine. Li Jun invited me to examine him. Not wishing to speak plainly in front of others, I analyzed the details for him to consider. Generally, Yang syndromes feature high body heat without cold extremities, restlessness when lying down but strength when rising, no aversion to cold but aversion to heat, no vomiting or diarrhea (or diarrhea with desire to drink water), irritability and insomnia, ability to eat and talkativeness, and a floating, large, rapid pulse. Yin syndromes feature no body heat but cold extremities, aversion to cold with curling up, aversion to human voices, pulling clothes over oneself, no irritability or thirst, no desire to eat, spontaneous urination, loose stools, and a deep, fine, weak, slow pulse. His pulse was six or seven beats per breath. His mother said he cried out all night without sleeping and liked drinking ice water. Hearing this, I knew all Yang syndrome symptoms were present, and with three days of no defecation, urgent purgation was needed. I prescribed wine-wrapped Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) 6 qian, roasted Gancao (Licorice Root) 2 qian, and Mangxiao (Mirabilite) 5 qian, decocted and taken. By evening, he defecated several times, passing over twenty pieces of dry stool. That night, he sweated heavily. The next day, his body was cool and pulse calm. Reflecting on *Suwen*, "Treatment must unblock the zang-fu organs," Zhang Zhongjing stated in *Shanghan Lun*: "The Six Channels differ, transmission varies." *Huoren Shu* also says: "In treating typhoid fever, one must first understand the meridians." The principle is the same. Ignorant people who do not study meridians, ignore disease origins, and guess symptoms by palpating pulses without knowing the pathogen's location often cause disaster. They are blind physicians. As Han Yu said: "The doctor's disease is lack of thought." This is true wisdom; students should reflect on it. (See sections on Yin resembling Yang, Yang resembling Yin, and reverse treatment of cold/heat in Yin/Yang Zang-Fu sections.)

[From *Huoren Shu*] Less than three days: sweating suffices. More than three days: purgation suffices. This is a generalization. Patients vary in deficiency and excess; pathogen transmission speed varies. How can one be constrained by days? Zhang Zhongjing said: Even if many days have passed, if exterior symptoms and a floating pulse exist, sweating is still appropriate. Even if few days have passed, if interior symptoms and a deep pulse exist, purgation is appropriate. Treatment must follow the pulse. Moreover, Six Qi pathogens enter via deficiency points, usually from the back into Taiyang or Shaoyin, or from the face into Yangming, etc., not always starting in Taiyang. Pathogens may stay in one channel or transmit to one or two others; they cannot be deduced by a single rule. One must treat based on pulse and external symptoms—this is flexible practice. For example, floating pulse, stiff neck/headache, fever, and aversion to cold daily indicate Taiyang channel involvement, regardless of days. Other channels follow this analogy.

Generally, typhoid fever treatment relies on pulse and external symptoms for sweating or purgation. If many days pass but the pulse remains large, floating, and rapid, yet empty upon pressure, the issue remains in Taiyang; sweating will cure it. If firm upon pressure, sweating will cause death; purgation is required. If initially the pulse is deep, fine, and rapid, with external symptoms like abdominal fullness, dry throat, or dry mouth/tongue/thirst indicating heat, the issue is interior; purgation will cure it. Without these symptoms, if there is exterior heat with a deep pulse, mistaken purgation will cause death. Instead, use Mahuang Fuzi Gancao Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Licorice Decoction) or Mahuang Xixin Fuzi Tang (Ephedra, Asarum, and Aconite Decoction) for mild sweating. These are Zhang Zhongjing's definitive theories. Typhoid fever with floating, tight pulse, body stiffness, aversion to cold without fever, more cold than heat, pale/uncomfortable complexion, back/spine pain, and slightly cold extremities is a Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) pattern. Typhoid fever with floating, moderate pulse, large cun and weak chi pulses, spontaneous sweating, body heat, headache, aversion to wind, more cold than heat, bright/comfy complexion, irritability, and warm extremities is a Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) pattern.

Typhoid fever: tight and choppy pulse. Wind injury: floating and moderate pulse. Typhoid fever: no sweat. Wind injury: sweat. Typhoid fever: fears cold, not wind. Wind injury: fears wind, not cold. Generally, Taiyang disease features floating pulse, fever, aversion to wind and cold. Aversion to cold occurs without wind; aversion to wind occurs with wind. All Six Channels can have wind injury or typhoid fever, with distinct symptoms. Taiyang: floating pulse with sweat is Wind Strike (Zhong Feng); tight pulse without sweat is Typhoid Fever (Shang Han). Yangming: hunger is Wind Strike; anorexia is Typhoid Fever. Shaoyang: bilateral deafness, red eyes, chest fullness/vexation is Wind Strike; bitter taste, dry throat, dizziness is Typhoid Fever. For Three Yin wind injuries, there are no major symptom variations, only limb vexation/pain, similar to Three Yang. Wind injury presenting with cold pulse: fever, aversion to wind, irritability, warm extremities, but floating-tight pulse. Fever, aversion to wind, irritability, warm extremities are Wind Strike signs; floating-tight pulse is Typhoid Fever sign. Typhoid fever presenting with wind pulse: more cold than heat, no irritability, slightly cold extremities, but floating-moderate pulse. More cold than heat, no irritability, slightly cold extremities are Typhoid Fever signs; floating-moderate pulse is Wind Strike sign. (Wind injury with cold pulse, or typhoid fever with wind pulse, indicates Da Qinglong Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction) pattern.)

Releasing the exterior in typhoid fever requires matching sweating to severity. Thus, Zhang Zhongjing used sweating methods (Mahuang Tang, Guizhi Tang, Da Qinglong Tang) and reconciliation methods (Xiao Qinglong Tang, Guizhi Mahuang Ban Tang, Baihu Tang, Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi Tang, Chaihu Guizhi Tang). Later generations failed to probe pathogen depth and drug potency, applying uniform treatments, causing death or post-sweat deficiency leading to relapse or myriad diseases, dragging on until death. This results from excessive sweating/purgation, exhausting yin/yang and qi/blood. For mild illness, reconciliation is sufficient: harmonizing allows Ying/Wei to flow and fluids to generate, enabling self-resolution.

Danxi treated exterior typhoid fever with Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) for dispersion. Haizang used Shenzhu Tang (Spiritual Efficacy Decoction), Baizhu Tang (Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction), and Jiwei Qianghuo Tang (Nine-Ingredient Notopterygium Decoction) for dispersion. These embody reconciliation, preventing loss of vital qi.

For typhoid fever where oral decoctions fail to induce sweat, apply steaming like Wind Strike treatment, welcoming warmth externally. Method: Burn firewood on the floor, sweep after heating, sprinkle water. Spread Can Sha (Silkworm Frass), Bai Ye (Cypress Leaves), Tao Ye (Peach Leaves), and Bran on the heated floor, thickness of a hand side. Place a mat on top, have the patient lie on it, cover warmly. Sweat will arrive shortly. When sweat reaches soles, apply warm powder to stop sweating, then get into bed. Most effective agents: Silkworm Frass, Peach Leaves, Cypress Leaves. Bran aids thickness; amount varies.

[From *Yanyi*] Treating typhoid fever non-sweating with foot soaking: Hai Ge Fen (Clam Shell Powder) and Wu Tou (Aconite Root) 2 liang each, Chuan Shan Jia (Pangolin Scale) 3 liang, powdered, mixed with rice paste into pills size of a thumb joint, flattened, placed under soles. Cover with scallion white, bind with cloth. Soak feet in hot water to knees in a warm room. Add hot water as it cools. Stop when whole-body sweat appears. Soak once every one or two days, stopping at comfort.

[From *Huoren Shu*] Interior typhoid fever requires assessing heat depth. Zhang Zhongjing used direct purgation (Da Chengqi Tang, Xiao Chengqi Tang, Shizao Tang, Da Chai Hu Tang) and mild stomach harmonization (Tiaowei Chengqi Tang, Pi Yao Wan, small doses of Xiao Chengqi Tang).

[From *Jingui Yaolue*] For deficiency, tonify ten parts, purge none. For excess, purge. For equal deficiency/excess, purge moderately. Hence Wang Shuhe warned against Chengqi Tang in his preface.

[Li Dongyuan] For dry fecal impaction, use Tongyou Tang (Unblock the Lower Decoction) and Runchang Tang/Wan (Moisten Intestines Decoction/Pills), designed for blood/qi/fluid deficiency.

Drug potency ranking: Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) is strongest; Xiao Chengqi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction) second; Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Qi Decoction) third; Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) fourth.

[Hai Zang] Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) treats major excess and fullness. Fullness means chest/abdominal distension like joined tiles; major excess means constipation. Use when Pi (Stagnation), Man (Fullness), Zao (Dryness), and Shi (Excess) are all present. For miscellaneous diseases, adjust dosage.

Dahuang (Rhubarb Root): Treats major excess.
Mangxiao (Mirabilite): Treats dry feces. (These two treat tangible blood/stasis).
Houpo (Magnolia Bark): Treats major fullness.
Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange): Treats stagnation. (These two treat intangible qi).

Xiao Chengqi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction): Treats stagnation and excess with slight fullness, like a hungry person feeling overly full, without flatus.
It is Da Chengqi Tang minus Mangxiao. Use for epigastric stagnation, open or closed bowels, severe heat requiring purgation.

Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Qi Decoction): Treats excess without fullness, abdomen like an inverted tile, with flatus, dry feces, constipation, and delirium. Suitable for solid excess patterns.

These three methods must not be confused. Error leads to creating deficiency where none existed, or missing excess where it exists. Using Da Chengqi Tang for Tiaowei Chengqi pattern damages post-recovery vitality due to qi-moving herbs. Using Tiaowei Chengqi Tang for Da Chengqi pattern causes mental cloudiness post-recovery due to lack of qi-moving herbs. Using Mangxiao for Xiao Chengqi pattern may cause persistent diarrhea, turning into deficiency.

[Li Dongyuan] Differentiation of Sanyi Chengqi Tang. Purge excess is common knowledge; adjust dose based on urgency/severity.
- No aversion to cold, aversion to heat, thirst, delirium, abdominal fullness/wheezing, continuous hand/foot sweating: Urgent purgation, Da Chengqi Tang.
- Pathogen not deep, suspected dry feces, lower abdominal pain: Test with Xiao Chengqi Tang. Flatus indicates dry feces; proceed to attack. No flatus indicates hard start/loose end; do not attack, or abdominal fullness/anorexia results. If bowels don't open, give small Xiao Chengqi Tang to mildly harmonize stomach, avoid massive purgation.
- Post-sweating, no aversion to cold, only excess/stomach excess: Harmonize stomach, Tiaowei Chengqi Tang.

[Cheng Wuji] Major heat with solid accumulation: Da Chengqi Tang. Minor heat with slight accumulation: Xiao Chengqi Tang. Heat is not severe, so remove Mangxiao from Da Chengqi Tang. Accumulation is not hard, so reduce Houpo and Zhishi. If not extremely hard but heat is severe requiring purgation, do not use Da Chengqi Tang. Use a mild agent: reduce Houpo and Zhishi in Da Chengqi Tang, add Gancao, to create a mild stomach-harmonizing purgative. If Da Chengqi Tang pattern is treated with Tiaowei Chengqi Tang, the pathogen...