阴缩，谓前阴受寒，入腹内也。阴纵，谓前阴受热，挺长不收也。经曰∶足厥阴之筋，伤于寒，则阴缩入；
伤于热，则纵挺不收。治在行水清阴气是也。
〔丹〕鲍兄二十余岁，玉茎挺长，肿而痿，皮塌常润，磨股不能行，两胁气上，手足倦弱。先以小柴胡加黄
连大剂，行其湿热，略加黄柏，降其逆上之气，其挺肿渐收，渐减及半。但茎中有坚块未消，遂以青皮一味为
君，佐以散风之剂，末服。外以丝瓜汁，调五倍子末敷而愈。
平江王氏子，年三十岁，忽阴挺长肿而痛，脉数而实，用朴硝荆芥汤浸洗，又用三一承气汤大下之，愈。
《内经》刺灸前阴挺长之法有一∶经云，足厥阴之别，名曰蠡沟，去内踝五寸别走少阳，其病实，则挺长，取
之所别是也。
〔《明堂》〕阴卵入腹。脐下六寸，两旁各一寸六分。（灸二七壮。）
〔《内经》〕诊阴缩而死者，皆属肝伤。经云∶肝悲哀动中则伤魂，魂伤则狂妄不精，不精则不正，当阴
缩而挛筋，两胁骨不举，毛悴色夭死于秋。又云∶厥阴终者喜溺，舌卷，卵上缩是也。
阴痿，皆耗散过度，伤于肝筋所致。经云∶足厥阴之经，其病伤于内则不起是也。
〔垣〕阴痿阴汗臊臭论 一富者前阴间尝闻臊臭，又因连日饮酒，腹中不和，求予治之。予应之曰∶夫前
阴者，足厥阴之脉，络阴器，出其挺末。臭者心之所走散，入于五方为臭，入肝为臊臭，此其一也。当于肝经
中泻行间，是治其本。后于心经中泻少冲，以治其标，如恶针当用药除之。治法当求其本，连日饮酒，夫酒者，
气味俱阳能生湿热，是风湿热合于下焦为邪。故经云∶下焦如渎。又云∶在下者，引而竭之。酒者是湿热之
水，亦宜决前阴以去之，是合下焦二法治之。
龙胆泻肝汤 治阴部时复湿痒，有臊臭。
柴胡梢 泽泻（各一钱） 车前子 木通（各五分） 当归梢 龙胆草 生地（各三分）
上锉，如麻豆大。作一服，水三大盏，煎至一盏去渣，稍热服，空心宿食消尽服，便以美膳压之。柴胡入
肝为引。用泽泻、车前子、木通，其淡渗之味，利小便，亦除臊臭，是名在下者，引而竭之。生地黄、草龙
胆之苦寒，泻酒湿热，更兼车前子之类，以彻肝中邪气。肝主血，用当归以滋肝中血不足也。
固真汤 治两丸冷，前阴痿弱，阴汗如水，小便后有余滴臊气，尻臀并前阴冷，恶寒而喜热，膝亦冷，
正月内定此方。
升麻 柴胡 羌活（各一钱） 甘草（炙） 泽泻（各一钱半） 草龙胆（炒） 知母（炒） 黄柏
（各二钱）
上锉，如麻豆大。水三盏，煎至一盏去渣，稍热空腹服，以美膳压之。
温肾汤 治面色痿黄身黄，脚软弱无力，阴汗，阴茎有夭色，二月定此方。
麻黄（六分） 防风根（一钱五分） 白术（一钱） 苍术（一钱半） 泽泻（二钱） 猪苓 升麻
白茯苓 黄柏（酒。各一钱） 柴胡梢（六分）
上件分作二服，每服水二大盏，煎至一盏去渣，稍热服，食前，天晴明服之。候一时辰许，方食。
补肝汤 治前阴如冰冷，并冷汗，两脚痿弱无力。
黄 （七分） 人参 葛根（各三分） 甘草（炙，五分） 升麻（四分） 知母 柴胡 羌活 陈皮 归
身黄柏（炒） 防风 白茯苓 泽泻（各二分） 苍术（五分） 曲末（二分） 猪苓（四分） 连翘（二分）
上 咀，水二大盏，煎至一盏去渣，稍热服，食前。忌酒湿面。
清震汤 治溺黄臊臭淋沥，两丸如冰，阴汗浸两股，阴头亦冷。正值十二月，天寒凛冽，霜雪交集，寒之极矣。
升麻（五分） 柴胡（二分） 羌活（一钱） 黄柏（一钱，酒） 苍术（五分） 防风（三分）
甘草（炙，二分） 本（三分） 红花（一分） 归身（二分） 猪苓（三分） 泽泻 黄芩（五分）
麻黄根（三分）
上锉，如麻豆大。都作一服，水二大盏，煎至一盏去渣，临卧服。忌酒湿面。
柴胡胜湿汤 治两外肾冷，两髀枢阴汗，前阴痿弱，阴囊湿痒臊气。
泽泻（一钱半） 羌活（一钱半） 升麻（一钱半） 生甘草 柴胡（各三钱） 草龙胆（一钱） 黄柏
（酒，二钱） 红花（少许） 当归梢 麻黄 汉防己 茯苓（各一钱） 五味子（二十个）
上 咀，水三大盏，煎至一盏去渣，稍热服，食前。忌酒湿面房事。
〔垣〕仲景八味丸 治阳事多痿不振。今根据全方，夏减桂附一半，春秋三停减一。（疾去精足全减桂附，只根据六
味地黄丸。八味方见治法。）
肾脉大甚，为阴痿。（全文见诊。）
运气 阴痿皆属湿土制肾。经云∶太阴司天，湿气下临，肾气上从，阴痿气衰而不举是也。
椒粉散 治前阴两丸湿痒，秋冬尤甚，冬月减。
麻黄（一钱） 黑狗脊（五分） 斑蝥（二个） 猪苓（三分） 肉桂（二分） 归梢（三分） 轻粉（少许）
红花（少许） 蛇床子（五分） 川椒（三分）
上为极细末渗上，避风寒湿冷处坐卧。
〔丹〕肾囊湿痒，先以吴茱萸煎汤洗之。后用吴茱萸半两，寒水石三钱，黄柏二钱半，樟脑、蛇床子各半
两，轻粉一钱，白矾三钱，硫黄二钱，槟榔三钱，白芷三钱，为末掺之。
〔《千》〕有人阴冷，渐渐冷气入阴囊肿满，恐死，日夜痛闷不得眠。取生椒择之洗净，以布帛裹着丸囊，
令浓半寸，须臾热气大通，日再易之，取出瘥。
〔《本》〕曾有人阴冷，渐次冷气入阴囊肿满，昼夜疼闷不得眠，煮大蓟汁服，立瘥。
《内经》针灸阴暴痒痛，足厥阴之别，名曰蠡沟，上内踝五寸是也。（全文见针灸门。）
〔《撮》〕阴痿∶关元（补） 阴湿 阴谷（寸半，泻，灸）
〔《怪穴》〕阴中湿痒，外肾生疮∶海底（在脬囊底十字文缝中，灸泻二十七壮） 独阴（在足第二指
节下横文，灸泻二十七壮）
Yin contraction (Yin Suo) refers to the symptom where the external genitalia, affected by cold pathogen, retract inward into the abdomen. Yin extension (Yin Zong) refers to the symptom where the external genitalia, affected by heat pathogen, protrude and remain extended without retracting. The *Classic of Internal Medicine* (*Neijing*) states: When the sinews of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian are injured by cold, the genitalia contract inward; when injured by heat, they extend and remain protruded without retracting. The treatment principle is to promote water metabolism and clear the heat in the Yin aspect.
[Case by Zhu Danxi] The elder brother of Mr. Bao, in his twenties, experienced persistent erection of the penis, swelling accompanied by flaccidity, loose and moist skin, inability to walk due to friction against the thighs, sensation of Qi rushing up from both hypochondria, and fatigue in the limbs. Initially, a large dose of Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) modified with Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) was used to circulate and drain damp-heat, with a slight addition of Huang Bai (Phellodendron Bark) to direct rebellious Qi downward. Consequently, the protrusion and swelling gradually subsided, reducing by half. However, a hard mass remained within the penis. Thus, Qing Pi (Tangerine Peel) alone was used as the sovereign herb, assisted by wind-dispelling herbs, administered in powder form. Externally, juice from luffa fruit mixed with powder of Chinese Gallnut (Wubeizi) was applied, resulting in recovery.
The son of the Wang family in Pingjiang, aged thirty, suddenly experienced protrusion, swelling, and pain of the penis. His pulse was rapid and forceful (Excess). He was treated with immersion and washing using Piao Xiao Jing Jie Tang (Niter and Schizonepeta Decoction), followed by severe purgation using San Yi Cheng Qi Tang (Three-in-One Bowel-Regulating Decoction), leading to recovery.
There is one method in the *Neijing* for acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of penile protrusion: The text states that the collateral vessel of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian is named Ligou (LR5). Located five cun above the medial malleolus, it connects to the Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. In cases of excess syndrome manifesting as penile protrusion, treating this collateral point is indicated.
[From *Mingtang Jing*] Testicular retraction into the abdomen: Moxibustion at points six cun below the umbilicus, one inch and six fen on either side. (Moxa: 14 cones.)
[From *Neijing*] Cases of death due to Yin contraction all belong to liver injury. The text states: If excessive sorrow moves the interior, it injures the Hun (Ethereal Soul). Injury to the Hun leads to madness and lack of clarity; lack of clarity leads to misconduct. Symptoms include Yin contraction and tendon spasm, immobility of the costal bones, emaciated hair, and sallow complexion, with death occurring in autumn. It also states: At the termination of Jueyin, there is frequent urination, tongue retraction, and testicular retraction upward.
Yin flaccidity (Yin Wei) is caused by excessive depletion and damage to the Liver sinews. The text states: Diseases of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian, when internally injured, result in failure of erection.
[Li Dongyuan's Discussion on Yin Flaccidity, Damp Sweat, and Pungent Odor] A wealthy man complained of a pungent odor emanating from the external genitalia and abdominal discomfort due to consecutive days of drinking alcohol. I responded: The external genitalia are traversed by the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian, which networks the sexual organs and emerges at the tip of the penis. Odors are governed by the Heart and disperse into the five directions; entering the Liver, they become pungent (sao). This is the first factor. Treatment should focus on draining Xingjian (LR2) in the Liver Meridian to address the root. Subsequently, Shaochong (HT9) in the Heart Meridian should be drained to address the branch. If the patient dislikes needles, herbal medicine can be used. The treatment principle must seek the root. Consecutive alcohol consumption generates damp-heat because wine possesses Yang nature and aroma. This combines with wind-damp-heat as a pathogen in the Lower Jiao. Hence, the text states: The Lower Jiao is like a ditch (draining and purging). Also: For pathogens below, guide them to exhaust them. Wine is damp-heat fluid, suitable for drainage through the anterior yin, combining with the two treatments for the Lower Jiao.
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang (Gentian Liver-Draining Decoction): Treats intermittent dampness and itching in the genital region with pungent odor.
Ingredients: Chai Hu Shao (Bupleurum Tip), Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome) [each 1 qian]; Che Qian Zi (Plantago Seed), Tong Cao (Akebia Stem) [each 0.5 qian]; Dang Gui Shao (Angelica Sinensis Root Tip), Long Dan Cao (Gentian Root), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root) [each 0.3 qian].
Preparation and Administration: Crush to the size of hemp seeds. One dose, decocted in three large bowls of water until one bowl remains. Strain and take slightly warm. Take on an empty stomach after residual food has digested, followed immediately by a nourishing meal to protect the stomach. Chai Hu acts as a guiding herb for the Liver. Ze Xie, Che Qian Zi, and Tong Cao have bland and permeating properties that promote urination and remove pungent odor, illustrating "guide and exhaust pathogens below." Sheng Di Huang and Long Dan Cao are bitter and cold, clearing damp-heat from wine, while Che Qian Zi helps eliminate pathogenic factors in the Liver. Since the Liver governs blood, Dang Gui nourishes insufficient Liver blood.
Gu Zhen Tang (Solidify True Decoction): Treats coldness in both testes, weak anterior yin, profuse watery damp sweat, post-micturition dribbling with pungent odor, coldness in the sacrum, buttocks, and anterior yin, aversion to cold with preference for warmth, and cold knees. Formula established in the first lunar month.
Ingredients: Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga Rhizome), Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root), Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Rhizome) [each 1 qian]; Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Ze Xie [each 1.5 qian]; Chao Cao Long Dan (Stir-fried Gentian Root), Chao Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Jiu Huang Bai (Wine-processed Phellodendron Bark) [each 2 qian].
Preparation and Administration: Crush to the size of hemp seeds. Decoct in three bowls of water until one bowl remains. Strain and take slightly warm on an empty stomach, followed by a nourishing meal.
Wen Shen Tang (Warm Kidney Decoction): Treats sallow and yellowish complexion, body jaundice, weakness in the legs, damp sweat, and poor coloration of the penis. Formula established in the second lunar month.
Ingredients: Ma Huang (Ephedra Herb) [0.6 qian]; Fang Feng Gen (Saposhnikovia Root) [1.5 qian]; Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) [1 qian]; Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome) [1.5 qian]; Ze Xie [2 qian]; Zhu Ling (Polyporus), Sheng Ma, Bai Fu Ling (Poria), Jiu Huang Bai (Wine-processed Phellodendron Bark) [each 1 qian]; Chai Hu Shao (Bupleurum Tip) [0.6 qian].
Preparation and Administration: Divide into two doses. Each dose decocted in two large bowls of water until one bowl remains. Strain and take slightly warm before meals. Take on sunny days. Wait approximately one hour after taking the medicine before eating.
Bu Gan Tang (Tonify Liver Decoction): Treats coldness in the anterior yin with cold sweat, and weakness in both legs.
Ingredients: Huang Qi (Astragalus Root) [0.7 qian]; Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Ge Gen (Kudzu Root) [each 0.3 qian]; Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) [0.5 qian]; Sheng Ma [0.4 qian]; Zhi Mu, Chai Hu, Qiang Huo, Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel), Dang Gui Shen (Angelica Sinensis Root Body), Chao Huang Bai (Stir-fried Phellodendron Bark), Fang Feng, Bai Fu Ling, Ze Xie [each 0.2 qian]; Cang Zhu [0.5 qian]; Qu Mo (Medicated Leaven Powder) [0.2 qian]; Zhu Ling [0.4 qian]; Lian Qiao (Forsythia Fruit) [0.2 qian].
Preparation and Administration: Chop, decoct in two large bowls of water until one bowl remains. Strain and take slightly warm before meals. Avoid alcohol and damp-producing wheat products.
Qing Zhen Tang (Clear Tremor Decoction): Treats yellow, pungent, and dripping urine, ice-cold testes, damp sweat soaking the inner thighs, and cold glans penis. Occurred in the twelfth lunar month during extreme cold with frost and snow.
Ingredients: Sheng Ma [0.5 qian]; Chai Hu [0.2 qian]; Qiang Huo [1 qian]; Jiu Huang Bai (Wine-processed Phellodendron Bark) [1 qian]; Cang Zhu [0.5 qian]; Fang Feng [0.3 qian]; Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) [0.2 qian]; Ben Cao (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome) [0.3 qian]; Hong Hua (Carthamus Flower) [0.1 qian]; Dang Gui Shen [0.2 qian]; Zhu Ling [0.3 qian]; Ze Xie, Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) [0.5 qian]; Ma Huang Gen (Ephedra Root) [0.3 qian].
Preparation and Administration: Crush to the size of hemp seeds. All ingredients combined for one dose, decocted in two large bowls of water until one bowl remains. Strain and take before retiring. Avoid alcohol and damp-producing wheat products.
Chai Hu Sheng Shi Tang (Bupleurum Damp-Dispersing Decoction): Treats coldness in both external kidneys (testes), damp sweat in the groin and perineum, weak anterior yin, and damp itching with pungent odor in the scrotum.
Ingredients: Ze Xie [1.5 qian]; Qiang Huo [1.5 qian]; Sheng Ma [1.5 qian]; Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Licorice Root), Chai Hu [each 3 qian]; Cao Long Dan (Gentian Root) [1 qian]; Jiu Huang Bai (Wine-processed Phellodendron Bark) [2 qian]; Hong Hua (Carthamus Flower) [a little]; Dang Gui Shao (Angelica Sinensis Root Tip), Ma Huang (Ephedra Herb), Han Fang Ji (Stephania Tetrandra Root), Fu Ling (Poria) [each 1 qian]; Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry) [20 berries].
Preparation and Administration: Chop, decoct in three large bowls of water until one bowl remains. Strain and take slightly warm before meals. Avoid alcohol, damp-producing wheat products, and sexual intercourse.
[Li Dongyuan] Zhongjing Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill of Master Zhang): Treats frequent impotence and lack of erection. Listed here according to the full formula. Reduce Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) and Fu Zi (Aconite Lateral Root) by half in summer; reduce by one-third in spring and autumn. (When the disease is cured and essence is sufficient, completely remove Gui Zhi and Fu Zi, following only Liu Wei Di Huang Wan. See Treatment Methods for the Eight-Ingredient Pill.)
A very large Kidney pulse indicates Yin flaccidity. (Full text see Diagnosis section.)
Physiognomy of Pathogens (Yunqi): Yin flaccidity all belongs to Wet Earth restraining Kidney Water. The text states: In years when Taiyin (Dampness) rules the heaven, dampness descends, and Kidney Qi follows upward, leading to Yin flaccidity, Qi decline, and failure of erection.
Jiao Fen San (Pepper Powder Dispersion): Treats damp itching in both testes of the anterior yin, especially severe in autumn and winter, reduced in winter.
Ingredients: Ma Huang (Ephedra Herb) [1 qian]; Hei Gou Ji (Dogspine/Cibotium Rhizome) [0.5 qian]; Ban Mao (Mustard Beetle) [2 insects]; Zhu Ling (Polyporus) [0.3 qian]; Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark) [0.2 qian]; Gui Shao (Angelica Sinensis Root Tip) [0.3 qian]; Qing Fen (Calomel) [a little]; Hong Hua (Carthamus Flower) [a little]; She Chuang Zi (Cnidium Fruit) [0.5 qian]; Chuan Jiao (Sichuan Pepper) [0.3 qian].
Preparation and Administration: Grind into an extremely fine powder and apply topically. Sit or lie in places avoiding wind, cold, damp, and chill.
[Zhu Danxi] Scrotal Damp Itching: First wash with a decoction of Wu Zhu Yu (Evodia Fruit). Then use Wu Zhu Yu (0.5 liang), Han Shui Shi (Halloysitum Rubrum) (3 qian), Huang Bai (Phellodendron Bark) (2.5 qian), Zhang Nao (Camphor) and She Chuang Zi (Cnidium Fruit) (each 0.5 liang), Qing Fen (Calomel) (1 qian), Bai Fan (Alumen) (3 qian), Liu Huang (Sulfur) (2 qian), Bing Lang (Areca Seed) (3 qian), Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica Root) (3 qian). Grind into powder and apply.
[From *Qian Jin Fang*] Someone suffered from cold genitals, with gradual entry of cold air causing scrotal swelling, fearing death, experiencing day-and-night painful oppression preventing sleep. Take fresh Sichuan pepper, clean it, wrap it in cloth, and apply to the scrotum to a thickness of about half a cun. Within moments, heat spreads thoroughly. Change twice daily. Remove when healed.
[From *Ben Cao*] Someone previously suffered from cold genitals, with gradual entry of cold air causing scrotal swelling, day-and-night painful oppression preventing sleep. Decoct juice of Da Ji (Cirsium Japonicum) and drink it; immediate recovery occurred.
*Neijing* Acupuncture for sudden genital itching and pain: Take the collateral vessel of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian, named Ligou (LR5), located five cun above the medial malleolus. (Full text see Acupuncture Section.)
[From *Cu Yao*] Yin Flaccidity: Guan Yuan (CV4) [Tonify]; Yin Dampness: Yin Gu (KI10) [Insert 0.5 cun, Drain, Moxa].
[From *Guai Xue*] Damp itching in the vagina/anus, sores on external kidneys: Hai Di (CV1 variant/Extra Point) [Located in the cross-shaped crease at the bottom of the scrotum, Moxa or Drain 27 cones]; Du Yin (EX-UE8 variant/Extra Point) [Located under the transverse crease of the second toe joint, Moxa or Drain 27 cones].