篇名：上编 外治法
分类：手法释义
属性：接者，谓使已断之骨，合拢一处，复归于旧也。
[1]凡骨之跌伤错落，或断而两分，或折而陷下，或碎而散乱，或岐而傍
突。
[2]相其形势，徐徐接之，使断者复续，陷者复起，碎者复完，突者复平
。
[3]或用手法，或用器具，或手法、器具分先后而兼用之，是在医者之通
达也。
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篇名：上编 外治法
分类：手法释义
属性：[1]推者，谓以手推之，使还旧处也。拿者，或两手一手捏定患处，酌其
宜轻宜重，缓缓焉以复其位也。
[2]若肿痛已除，伤痕已愈，其中
<1>或有筋急而转摇不甚便利。
<2>或有筋纵而运动不甚自如。
<3>又或有骨节间微有错落不合缝者。
是伤虽平，而气血之流行未畅，不宜接、整、端、提等法，惟宜推拿
，以通经络气血也。
[3]盖人身之经穴，有大经细络之分，一推一拿，视其虚实，酌而用之，
则有宣通补泻之法，所以患者无不愈也。
[4]已上诸条，乃八法之大略如此。至于临证之权衡，一时之巧妙，神而
明之，存乎其人矣。
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[Upper Compilation: External Treatment Methods - Explanation of Manipulation Techniques]
Attribute: The term "Jie" (Bone Setting/Reduction) refers to the process of bringing broken bones back together so that they heal and return to their original state.
[1] In cases where bones are dislocated due to falls or injuries, the fracture may be split into two parts, depressed inward, shattered and scattered, or have fragments protruding laterally.
[2] By observing the specific condition of the injury, the reduction should be performed slowly and gently, so that fractured bones reconnect, depressed bones are elevated, shattered bones are restored to integrity, and protruding fragments are flattened.
[3] This can be achieved using manual techniques alone, instruments alone, or a combination of both in a sequential manner; this depends on the physician's flexibility and expertise.
[Upper Compilation: External Treatment Methods - Explanation of Manipulation Techniques]
Attribute: [1] "Tui" (Pushing) refers to using hands to push the affected area to restore it to its proper position. "Na" (Grasping/Lifting) involves grasping the affected area with one or both hands, adjusting the pressure according to what is appropriate (light or heavy), and slowly restoring the anatomical position.
[2] If swelling and pain have subsided and wounds have healed, yet there remain conditions such as: <1> tendon stiffness causing limited mobility during rotation and movement; <2> tendon laxity resulting in uncoordinated movement; or <3> slight misalignment or gaps between bone joints.
Although the external trauma has healed, the circulation of Qi and Blood remains obstructed. In such cases, methods like Jie (Setting), Zheng (Straightening), Duan (Lifting), and Ti (Pulling) are not suitable. Instead, Tui Na (Tuina Massage) should be used to unblock the meridians and promote the flow of Qi and Blood.
[3] The human body's acupoints are divided into major meridians and minor collaterals. Through pushing and grasping, based on the deficiency or excess of the patient's condition, appropriate application of dispersing, unblocking, tonifying, and reducing methods ensures that patients recover without exception.
[4] The above points outline the general principles of the Eight Methods. However, the judgment required in clinical practice and the skillful application at any given moment rely on the physician's profound understanding and individual capability.