治年近四旬, 营卫不足, 肝肾虚弱, 风中经络. 精
神恍惚, 语言不清, 半身不遂, 手足麻木, 筋骨无力; 或手足枯瘦浮
肿,或手足筋挛不收. 一切风病稍愈之后, 调理俱宜此方. 及初觉大
指次指麻木不用, 手足少力, 或肌肉微掣, 口眼跳动. 若不预防调治
,三年之内, 风病必生, 亦宜服之.
羌活 甘草 ( 炙 ) 防风 黄耆 蔓荆子 地骨皮 川芎 细辛
枳壳 人参 麻黄 知母 甘菊花 薄荷 枸杞 当归 独活 白芷
杜仲 秦艽 柴胡 半夏 ( 制 ) 厚朴 ( 姜制 ) 熟地黄 防
己以上各二两 芍药 黄芩 白茯苓各三两 石膏 生地 苍术各四
两 官桂一两 前胡二两, 右每服一两, 水二盏, 煎一盏, 去滓, 空
心温服. 如遇天阴, 加生姜三片 , 临卧再煎, 滓俱要, 食远空心服.
治中风痰热, 神气不清, 舌强难言.
人参 白术 茯苓 甘草 ( 炙 ) 橘红 半夏 麦冬 石菖蒲 枳
实 术香 竹茹 黄芩 黄连 南星 水煎, 加竹沥, 姜汁服.
【注】中风有内生, 外中二因: 内生则因胃浊生痰, 志极动火; 所以
内生者, 病必痰迷不语, 火发神昏. 外中则因形气不固, 感召风邪.
外中者, 病必筋骨不用, 口眼歪斜. 单发者易治, 同发者难愈. 然此
病之来, 必有先兆: 如大指次指麻木不仁, 或手足无力, 或肌肉微掣
,此营卫受邪, 外中之先兆也. 如上盛下虚, 头眩脚软, 神短忽忽,
言语失常, 此痰火将发, 内生之先兆也. 医方中预防外中, 内生之剂
甚多, 皆不若羌活愈风, 清热化痰二方均以补正为主, 除邪次之. 故
羌活愈风, 以十全大补汤为君剂; 清热化痰, 以六君子汤为君剂也.
羌活愈风汤, 用: 人参, 苓藭草以补气, 归, 地, 芍药以补血, 黄耆
,桂枝以扶卫, 麻黄, 芎藭以调营. 湿盛则筋骨痿软, 故佐苍, 半,
防己以除之. 风盛则筋骨拘劲, 故佐枸, 杜, 地黄以滋之. 病久气必
滞,故佐枳壳, 厚朴以行之. 风多从燥化, 故佐知, 膏, 黄芩以清之
.更佐诸羌, 独辈发散之品, 以驱六经之风, 是风非汗不除也. 久病
风邪之人: 若一旬无汗, 须加麻黄微汗以和其表. 若数日大便不利,
更加大黄微利以和其里. 春倍柴胡, 半夏, 夏倍知, 膏, 黄芩, 季夏
倍防己, 术, 芩, 秋倍厚朴加桂, 藿, 冬倍归, 桂加附子, 此皆通塞
从时, 活变法也. 一气一候亦然. 假如今日风气大来, 是风淫也, 则
倍防风; 热气大来, 是火淫也, 则倍黄芩; 湿气大来, 是湿淫也, 则
倍苍术; 清气大来, 是燥淫也, 则倍桂枝皮; 寒气大来, 是寒淫也,
则加炮附子. 此又随气候加药法也. 清热化痰汤, 用参, 苓, 术, 草
以补气, 木香, 枳实以利气, 橘, 半, 南星以化痰, 黄芩, 黄连以泻
热,菖蒲通心, 麦, 竹清心, 姜汁, 竹沥通神明去胃浊, 则内生诸病
自渐愈矣. 气实减人参, 白术者, 恐助热也. 气虚减木香枳实者, 恐
伤气也. 痰热甚盛, 大便秘实者, 此方攻病力缓, 又当与礞石滚痰丸
相兼服之, 大便利, 止再服, 恐过则伤正也. 若痢后数日, 仍秘实者
,仍服之, 是又恐痰热盛而助邪也. 其变通加减施治, 总在临证者消
息之, 难以尽述.
Treats patients near forty years of age, with insufficient Ying and Wei (nutritive and defensive qi), weak Liver and Kidney, and Wind pathogen invading the meridians. Symptoms include mental confusion, unclear speech, hemiplegia, numbness of hands and feet, weakness of sinews and bones; or emaciated and swollen hands and feet, or contracture and inability to extend the hands and feet. After any Wind disease has slightly subsided, this formula is suitable for regulation. It is also indicated when one initially feels numbness and loss of function in the thumb and index finger, slight weakness of hands and feet, or slight twitching of muscles, and twitching of the mouth and eyes. If preventive treatment is not undertaken, a Wind disease will inevitably arise within three years, and this formula should also be taken.
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Manjingzi (Viticis Fructus), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Gan Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Gouqi (Lycii Fructus), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex), Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) prepared with ginger juice, Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix): each 2 liang above; Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Bai Fuling (Poria): each 3 liang; Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma): each 4 liang; Guanzi (Cinnamomi Ramulus): 1 liang; Qianhu (Peucedani Radix): 2 liang. For each dose of 1 liang of the above herbs, add 2 cups of water, decoct to 1 cup, remove dregs, and take warm on an empty stomach. In case of cloudy weather, add 3 slices of fresh ginger, decoct again before going to bed, retain the dregs, and take long after meals on an empty stomach.
Treats stroke due to Phlegm-Heat, with unclear spirit and consciousness, stiff tongue and difficulty speaking.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Nanxing (Arisaema Cum Bile). Decoct in water, add Zhuli (Bambusae Sap) and Jiangzhi (Zingiberis Recens Juice) to take.
[Note]: Stroke has two causes: endogenous and exogenous. Endogenous arises from turbid Qi in the Stomach generating Phlegm, and extreme emotions stirring Fire; thus, endogenous cases present with mutism due to Phlegm misting the mind and coma due to Fire flaring. Exogenous arises from insecure form and Qi attracting Wind pathogens; thus, exogenous cases present with dysfunction of sinews and bones and deviation of the mouth and eyes. Single onset is easier to treat, simultaneous onset is harder to cure. However, there are always prodromal signs before the disease arrives: such as numbness and insensitivity of the thumb and index finger, or weakness of hands and feet, or slight muscle twitching; these are prodromal signs of exogenous Wind due to Ying and Wei being affected by pathogens. Such as upper excess and lower deficiency, dizziness and soft legs, shortness of spirit and fluctuating mood, abnormal speech; these are prodromal signs of endogenous disorders due to impending Phlegm-Fire. There are many formulas in medical texts for preventing exogenous and endogenous stroke, but none compare to Qianghuo Yufeng Tang and Qingre Huatan Tang, which both prioritize tonifying Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) and secondarily eliminating pathogens. Therefore, Qianghuo Yufeng Tang uses Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Significant Tonification Decoction) as its principal formula; Qingre Huatan Tang uses Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) as its principal formula.
Qianghuo Yufeng Tang uses Renshen, Fuling, Huoxiang, and Zhigancao to tonify Qi; Danggui, Dihuang, and Shaoyao to tonify Blood; Huangqi and Guizhi to support Wei Qi; Mahuang and Chuanxiong to regulate Ying Qi. When Dampness is abundant, sinews and bones become flaccid and weak, so Cangzhu, Banxia, and Fangji are added as assistants to eliminate it. When Wind is abundant, sinews and bones become contracted and rigid, so Gouqi, Duzhong, and Dihuang are added as assistants to nourish them. In chronic illness, Qi stagnation is inevitable, so Zhiqiao and Houpo are added as assistants to promote movement. Wind often transforms into Dryness, so Zhimu, Shigao, and Huangqin are added as assistants to clear Heat. Furthermore, dispersing agents like Qianghuo and Duhuo are added to drive out Wind from the Six Meridians, as Wind cannot be removed without sweating. For persons with chronic Wind pathogen: if there is no sweat for ten days, add Mahuang to induce mild sweating to harmonize the exterior. If there is constipation for several days, add Dahuang to induce mild purgation to harmonize the interior. In Spring, double Chaihu and Banxia; in Summer, double Zhimu, Shigao, and Huangqin; in Late Summer, double Fangji, Cangzhu, and Huangqin; in Autumn, double Houpo and add Guizhi and Huoxiang; in Winter, double Danggui and Guizhi and add Fuzi. These are methods of adapting to seasonal changes. The same applies to each Qi and climatic phase. If today's Wind Qi is strong, it is Wind excess, so double Fangfeng; if Heat Qi is strong, it is Fire excess, so double Huangqin; if Dampness Qi is strong, it is Damp excess, so double Cangzhu; if Clear Qi is strong, it is Dryness excess, so double Guizhi Pi (Cinnamon Twig Bark); if Cold Qi is strong, it is Cold excess, so add Paofuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix). This is another method of adding herbs according to climate.
Qingre Huatan Tang uses Renshen, Fuling, Baizhu, and Zhigancao to tonify Qi; Muxiang and Zhishi to regulate Qi; Juhong, Banxia, and Nanxing to resolve Phlegm; Huangqin and Huanglian to drain Heat; Shichangpu to open the Heart orifices; Maidong and Zhuru to clear the Heart; Jiangzhi and Zhuli to unblock the Spirit and eliminate Stomach turbidity, thereby gradually curing various endogenous diseases. In cases of Qi excess, reduce Renshen and Baizhu to avoid aiding Heat. In cases of Qi deficiency, reduce Muxiang and Zhishi to avoid damaging Qi. In cases where Phlegm-Heat is extremely abundant and stool is dry and hard, this formula's attacking power is too mild; it should be taken concurrently with Mengshi Gun Tan Wan (Calamine Rolling Phlegm Pill). Stop taking it once bowel movements are smooth, to avoid excessive damage to Zheng Qi. If constipation persists for several days after dysentery, continue taking it, fearing that abundant Phlegm-Heat may exacerbate the pathogen. The variations and modifications in treatment depend entirely on the clinician's judgment during practice and cannot be fully described.