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1. Spontaneous sweating (sweating naturally without exertion, heat, or medication) manifests as deficiency of exterior Yang with aversion to cold. If Yang is excess and full, it steams and generates heat with continuous sweating. Night sweating (sweating during sleep, stopping upon waking) belongs to Yin deficiency; one must distinguish whether it is due to Heart Qi deficiency failing to secure the exterior, or Heart Fire damaging Yin fluids.
[Note] Sweating without specific cause is called spontaneous sweating. It is caused by deficiency of exterior Yang, where sweating leads to aversion to wind and cold; the following formulas are appropriate. If there is a steaming fever, sweating without aversion to cold, this indicates interior Yang excess, and the Tiaowei Chengqi Decoction should be used to purge downward. Sweating that occurs during sleep and stops upon waking is called night sweating. Night sweating is attributed to Yin deficiency; one must differentiate between Heart Qi deficiency failing to secure and Heart Fire damaging Yin.
Huangqi Liuyi Tang (Astragalus Six-to-One Decoction) Yupingfeng San (Jade Windscreen Powder) Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (Astragalus Establish the Middle Decoction)

2. For treating exterior deficiency spontaneous sweating, use Astragalus paired with Licorice (i.e., Huangqi Liuyi Tang), or Yupingfeng San (composed of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, and Saposhnikoviae Radix). If accompanied by Qi deficiency, add Codonopsis Radix; if accompanied by Yang deficiency, add Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata. If it is Blood deficiency, use Huangqi Jianzhong Tang.
[Note] Huangqi Liuyi Tang consists of six qian of Astragali Radix and one qian of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Yupingfeng San consists of Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, and Saposhnikoviae Radix. Both formulas treat spontaneous sweating due to exterior deficiency. If Qi deficiency is present, Ginseng Radix may be added; if Yang deficiency is present, Prepared Aconite Root may be added. If there is no aversion to cold and no shortness of breath, it is Blood deficiency; Ginseng and Prepared Aconite Root should not be used. Instead, Huangqi Jianzhong Tang is appropriate, which is Xiao Jianzhong Tang with added Astragali Radix. This formula is recorded in the Treatise on Cold Damage section.
Danggui Liu Huang Tang (Angelica Sinensis Six-Yellow Decoction) Suanzaoren Tang (Ziziphus Seed Decoction)

3. Night sweating caused by Heart Fire descending and damaging Yin fluids can be treated with Dang Gui Liu Huang Tang (comprising Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Astragali Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Rehmanniae Radix, Phellodendri Cortex, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Scutellariae Radix). If night sweating is due to Heart Qi deficiency failing to secure, a modified Suanzaoren Tang may be used (comprising Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Rehmanniae Radix, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Poria, Astragali Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, and Panax Ginseng Radix).
[Note] Danggui Liu Huang Tang treats night sweating caused by Heart Fire damaging Yin, composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Raw Rehmanniae Radix, and Prepared Rehmanniae Radix. Suanzaoren Tang treats night sweating due to Heart Qi deficiency failing to secure, composed of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Rehmanniae Radix, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Poria, Astragali Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, and Panax Ginseng Radix.

1. Bleeding from all nine orifices simultaneously is called Da Nu (Major Hemorrhage). Nasal bleeding is called Bi Nu (Nasal Epistaxis); if it flows like a spring, it is called Nao Nu (Cranial Epistaxis). Ear bleeding is called Er Nu (Auricular Hemorrhage). Eye bleeding is called Mu Nu (Ocular Hemorrhage). Skin bleeding is called Ji Nu (Cutaneous Hemorrhage). Dental bleeding is called Chi Nu (Gingival Hemorrhage), also known as Ya Xuan (Gum Recession/Hemorrhage). Internal bleeding exiting from the mouth is called Nei Nu (Internal Hemorrhage). Among internal hemorrhages: saliva and cough originate from Spleen pathology; sputum originates from Kidney pathology; hemoptysis originates from Heart pathology; cough originates from Lung pathology; vomiting originates from Liver pathology; regurgitation/vomiting food originates from Stomach pathology. Hematuria from the essence orifice and blood in urine originate from Bladder Lin syndrome; hematochezia originates from Large Intestine; vomiting originates from the Stomach.
[Note] When all nine orifices bleed simultaneously, it is named Da Nu. Bleeding from the nose is called Bi Nu. If nasal bleeding gushes like a spring, it is called Nao Nu. Bleeding from the ears is called Er Nu. Bleeding from the eyes is called Mu Nu. Bleeding from the skin is called Ji Nu. Bleeding from the teeth/gums is called Chi Nu, also known as Ya Xuan. These are all named according to the site of hemorrhage. If blood exits from the mouth, it is termed Nei Nu. In cases of Nei Nu: saliva and cough stem from the Spleen, sputum from the Kidneys, hemoptysis from the Heart, cough from the Lungs, vomiting from the Liver, and vomiting of food from the Stomach. Urinary blood exiting from the essence orifice, and bleeding associated with Lin syndrome, exit from the Bladder. Regarding the distinction between Ou (vomiting with sound) and Tu (vomiting without sound): Ou involves upward reversal with a gurgling sound, whereas Tu occurs without sound.