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*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases) states: Sores arising on the body are all caused by deficiency of the constitution leading to contraction of wind-heat. Wind-heat clashes with blood, thus causing sores. If wind-heat is combined with damp-toxin qi, the sores will be itchy, painful, swollen, and exude much fluid, accompanied by high fever; this is called *E Chuang* (Malignant Ulcer).

*Yangsheng Fang* (Prescriptions for Nourishing Life) records: Covering food with copper vessels allows sweat to enter the food, which can induce malignant ulcers and internal abscesses (*Ne Ju*).

It further states: Sexual intercourse while intoxicated may lead to malignant ulcers.

It also states: Washing feet well water mixed with flour powder prevents malignant ulcers.

It further states: Washing the face with cold water while heat from alcohol has not yet dissipated causes sores on the face; mild cases result in pustules.

*Liu Juanzi Fang* (Prescriptions of Liu Juanzi) for treating malignant ulcers:
Fry apricot kernels until yellow-black, fry fermented soybeans until black and scorched, mix with ointment/fat, and apply topically.

*Lu Yan Fang* (Verified Records Prescriptions), Gan Shi Wu Gao (Gan's Black Ointment), treats all kinds of sores under heaven that medical skills cannot cure, even those with worms; this prescription cures them all:
Mercurius (1 liang) Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 2 liang) Ink (2 fen)
Grind these three substances together, mix with suet (pig fat), cook thoroughly, grind and blend into a paste-like consistency. Apply no more than two or three times, and it will heal. This is a secret prescription. (*Seng Shen Fang* mentions using ink from Qian mountain, etc.)

*Fan Wang Fang* (Prescriptions of Fan Wang) for treating fleshy protrusions growing out of malignant ulcers:
Grind Shi Liu Huang (Realgar) into powder and apply. If there is exudate, apply the powder directly; if no exudate, mix with saliva and apply.

*Seng Shen Fang* (Monk Shen's Prescriptions) for treating flesh protruding from malignant ulcers:
Grind Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Wutou) into powder and apply into the sore. The foul flesh will immediately fall off. Excellent.

*Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) for treating malignant ulcers:
Burn bamboo leaves to ash, mix with the white juice of Broussonetia papyrifera (paper mulberry) and seal/apply to the area.

Another prescription: Boil horse manure in river water for ten boils, then wash the area.

It further states: For cases not healing for ten years:
Wash with salt water decoction, then apply fresh Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang) leaves as a patch.

Another prescription: Burn one sheng of pig manure and apply.

Another prescription: Burn bitter bottle gourd seeds into powder and apply.

Another prescription: Burn crucian carp to ash, mix with sauce liquid and apply; it governs all malignant ulcers.

Another prescription: Smoke with cow manure, and it will heal. All sores can be smoked.

It further states: For malignant ulcers not healing for ten years resembling leprosy:
Take one snake skin, burn it to powder, sieve it, mix with suet and apply.

Another prescription: Take one bitter bottle gourd, chop it, boil to extract juice, wash the sore, three times daily.

It further states: For malignant ulcers named "Ma Jie" (Horse Scabies), large as a coin:
Boil one naturally dead snake in water until rotten, remove bones, and apply the juice to the affected hand area; it will heal.

*Ge Shi Fang* (Prescriptions of Ge Shi) for sudden onset of various unnamed malignant ulcers in adults and children:
Burn bamboo leaves, mix with egg yolk and apply.

Another prescription: Take Achyranthes bidentata root (Niuxi), crush and apply.

Another prescription: Crush dung beetles to extract juice, apply to the sore; worms in the sore will crawl out.

Another prescription: One sheng of suet from the twelfth lunar month, one tuft of hair the size of a duck egg, one live crucian carp. Simmer together until completely dissolved and no longer boiling. Then add Realgar powder, Orpiment powder, and Sophorae Radix (Kushen) powder, each 2 liang, and one large Aconitum carmichaelii root (Fuzi). Stir until solidified, store in a vessel. Apply to all sores; none will not heal.

It further states: If foul flesh protrudes from the sore:
Grain Prunus mume (Wumei) into fine powder and apply into the sore. Excellent.

*Ji Yao Fang* (Extremely Important Prescriptions) for treating all malignant ulcers lasting over ten years, including fistulas and scabies/tinea forming holes, which do not heal for a long time:
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 1 liang) Rubiae Cordifoliae Radix et Rhizoma (Luru, 1 liang) Cnidii Fructus (Shechuangzi, 1 liang) Sulfur (Shiliuhuang, 1 liang, separately ground) Mercurius (Banliang, half liang)
Grind and sieve the above, mix with suet from the twelfth lunar month into a mud-like consistency. Add mercurius and dissolve completely. First wash the sore with rice water, then apply the medicine. Finally, dust with Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai) powder using cotton to prevent staining clothes.

*Ji Yan Fang* (Collected Verified Prescriptions) for treating malignant ulcers causing rotting of the body and face with exudate:
Take raw fish about three cun long, add a little fermented soybean, crush together until cooked/paste-like, and apply. Reapply when dry.

It further states: Prescription for treating malignant ulcers:
Processed silk fabric (Lianzi, 1 sheng) Sanguisorbae Radix (Diyu, 5 liang) Persicae Semen (Taoren, 5 liang) Sophorae Radix (Kushen, 5 liang)
Use one dou of water, boil to obtain four sheng, and wash the area with warm liquid.

It further states: Prescription for unnamed malignant ulcers:
Take head dandruff/scalp dirt, mix with suet, and apply into the sore.