败龟甲（酥炙） 远志（去心苗） 九节菖蒲（去毛） 龙骨（研末，入鸡腹中，煮一
宿）
上四件等分，为末。每服一钱，酒调下，日三。
学问易忘，此方与之，令人聪明。
凡人多识不忘者，心血足而无所蔽也。若心血不足，邪气蔽之，则伤其虚灵之体，而学
问易忘矣。龟，介虫之灵物也。龙，鳞虫之灵物也。用龟甲、龙骨者，假二物之灵以养此心
之灵，欲其同气相求云尔。远志辛温味浓，辛温可使入心，味浓可使养阴。菖蒲味辛气清，
味辛则利窍，气清则通神，以之而治易忘，斯近理矣。是方也，出于孙真人《千金方》，其
来必有所自，但曰孔子大圣之方，则未敢是非也。
叙曰∶风者，百病之长，以其善行而数变也。痛风有寒、有湿、有痰、有血，而惟以风
名者，得非以其善行数变，长于诸邪之故乎？今考名方五首，而痛风之情状见矣。
南星（姜制） 黄柏（酒炒） 苍术（泔浸七日，各二两） 神曲（炒） 川芎（各一
两） 桃仁（去皮尖、双仁） 白芷 龙胆草 防己（各五钱） 羌活 威灵仙（酒拌） 桂
（各三钱） 红花（酒洗，一钱五分）
此治痛风之套剂也。
有湿痰死血，而风寒袭之，风则善走，寒则善痛，所以痛者，湿痰死血留结而不通也。
所以走痛者，风气行天之象也。是方也，南星燥一身之痰，苍术燥上下之湿，羌活去百节之
风，而白芷则驱风之在面，威灵仙驱风之在手，桂枝驱风之在臂，防己驱湿之在股，川芎利
血中之气，桃仁、红花活血中之瘀，龙胆、黄柏去湿中之热。乃神曲者，随诸药而消陈腐之
气也。然羌活、白芷、威灵、桂枝，亲上药也；防己、杏仁、龙胆、黄柏，亲下药也，二者
并用，则上行者亦可以引之而下，下行者亦可以引之而上，顾人用之何如耳？
[Confucius the Great Sage Pillow Middle Formula]
Testudo shell (fried with animal fat) Polygala root (remove heart and sprouts) Acorus tatarinowii (remove hairs) Fossilized bone (grind into powder, place inside a chicken's abdomen, boil for one night)
The above four ingredients are taken in equal proportions, ground into fine powder. Take one qian per dose, mixed with wine, three times daily.
This formula is used to address forgetfulness and memory loss; taking it can enhance intelligence.
Those who have extensive knowledge and never forget do so because their Heart Blood is sufficient and unobstructed by pathogenic factors. If Heart Blood is deficient, pathogenic factors may obscure the mind, damaging its subtle and spiritual nature, leading to easy forgetfulness of learning. The turtle is a spiritual creature among shelled animals; the dragon is a spiritual creature among scaled animals. Using Testudo shell and fossilized bone is to borrow the spirituality of these two creatures to nourish the spirituality of the human mind, hoping they will attract each other through similar energies. Polygala root is acrid and warm with a strong flavor; its acrid-warm nature allows it to enter the Heart meridian, and its strong flavor helps nourish Yin. Acorus is acrid in taste and clear in aroma; its acridity opens orifices, and its clarity communicates with the spirit. Using it to treat forgetfulness is consistent with medical logic. This formula originates from Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold), and its origin must be traceable. However, calling it "Confucius the Great Sage's" formula, I dare not judge whether it is right or wrong.
[Preface]
Wind is the chief of all diseases because it moves freely and changes rapidly. Gouty pain (Tongfeng) can be caused by cold, dampness, phlegm, or blood stasis. It is named after "wind" perhaps because of its ability to move and change rapidly, dominating other pathogens. Now, examining five famous formulas, the characteristics of gouty pain become apparent.
[Danxi's Universal Gout Formula for Upper, Middle, and Lower Jiao]
Arisaema cum Bile (processed with ginger juice) Phellodendri Cortex (stir-fried with wine) Atractylodis Rhizoma (soaked in rice water for seven days, 2 liang each) Mass Medicatum Fermentatum (stir-fried) Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (1 liang each) Persicae Semen (remove skin, tips, and double-kernel seeds) Angelicae Dahuricae Radix Dracocephali Kotschouyi Herb Spatholobi Caulis (5 qian each) Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (mixed with wine, 3 qian each) Carthami Flos (washed with wine, 1.5 qian)
This is a standard compound formula for treating gouty pain.
When damp-phlegm and stagnant blood exist, and are attacked by wind-cold, wind tends to move freely, while cold causes severe pain. Therefore, the pain arises because damp-phlegm and stagnant blood remain and knot together, causing obstruction. The reason for the wandering pain is that wind follows the imagery of moving in the sky. In this formula, Arisaema dries phlegm throughout the body, Atractylodis Rhizoma dries dampness in the upper and lower parts, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix removes wind from various joints, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix expels wind affecting the face, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Note: Text says Weilingxian/Salvia miltiorrhizae? No, Weilingxian is Thalictrum/Actaea. Text says Weilingxian drives wind from hands) ... Correction based on text: Salviae Miltiorrhizae is Honghua/Taoren context? No, text lists Weilingxian. Let's stick to WHO terms. Weilingxian (Thalictrum/Salisia? No, Thalictrum chinense or Actaea dahurica? Standard is Thalictrum chinense or sometimes Anemarrhena? WHO uses Thalictri Rhizoma or Actaeae Rhizoma. Let's use Thalictri Rhizoma (Weilingxian)). Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) drives wind from the arms, Spatholobi Caulis (Fangji) removes dampness from the thighs, Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome promotes Qi circulation in the blood, Persicae Semen and Carthami Flos invigorate blood and resolve stasis, Dracocephali Kotschouyi Herb and Phellodendri Cortex clear heat arising from dampness. As for Mass Medicatum Fermentatum, it eliminates stale Qi along with the other herbs. However, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Thalictri Rhizoma (Weilingxian), and Cinnamomi Ramulus are herbs that act on the upper part; Spatholobi Caulis, Apricot Kernel (Xingren - note: Xingren is not in the ingredient list above, likely a textual error in the original source referring to downward acting herbs like Fangji/Huangbo/Dragon胆), Dracocephali Kotschouyi Herb, and Phellodendri Cortex are herbs that act on the lower part. When used together, upward-acting herbs can be guided downward, and downward-acting herbs can be guided upward, depending entirely on how the physician applies them.