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Xiaoji Yinzi (Little Thistle Decoction): Radix Cirsii Japonici (Xiaoji), Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii (Shengdihuang), Talcum (Huashi), Herba Epimedii (Tongcao), Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (Puhuang, stir-fried), Rhizoma Nelumbinis (Oujie), Folium Nelumbinis (Dan Zhuye), Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Danggui), Fructus Gardeniae (Zhizi, stir-fried), Radix Glycyrrhizae (Gancao) (each half tael).

For patients with hematuria due to the accumulation of blood-heat in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner), this formula is indicated.

Diseases of the Lower Jiao are attributed to damp-heat. The method states: "For diseases located below, guide and exhaust them." Therefore, Shengdi Huang and Zhizi are used for their cooling nature to guide and eliminate heat; Huashi, Tongcao, and Dan Zhuye are used for their bland nature to percolate and eliminate dampness; Xiaoji, Oujie, and Puhuang are used for their resolving nature to drive out and remove blood stasis. Dang Gui nourishes blood within the Yin, and Gan Cao regulates Qi within the Yang. In ancient times, when treating diseases of blood-stasis and heat in the Lower Jiao, it was necessary to use diuretic herbs to open the urinary orifice, following the principle of "leaving a gap when surrounding an army."

Xiaoji (Radix Cirsii Japonici), Hupo (Succinum) (equal parts, ground into powder).

This is also a formula for treating hematuria.

Jigen (Rhizoma Imperatae) can treat blood stasis in the Lower Jiao, and Hupo can treat accumulated heat in the Bladder.

Niuxi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae) (three jin, decocted into one jin of paste, taken orally dissolved in salt water on an empty stomach, four qian).

This is also a formula for treating hematuria.

Niuxi is moist in texture and bitter-salty in taste, solid in form and long in shape. Its moisture allows it to invigorate blood; its bitterness and salinity allow it to overcome heat; its solidity allows it to descend; its length allows it to guide the Small Intestine and benefit the Bladder.

Yanhusuo (Rhizoma Corydalis), Xiaoyan (Natrii Sulfas) (one tael, three fen respectively).

Take in two doses.

This is a formula for treating hematuria caused by Yang pathogenic factors sinking into the Lower Jiao.

Yang pathogens refer to the toxic heat of febrile diseases and cold damage. The Lower Jiao is the residence of Yin blood; when Yang pathogens enter, they cause hematuria. Yanhusuo is bitter and acrid; bitterness overcomes heat, and acridity regulates blood. It is assisted by Xiaoyan, taking advantage of its salty-cold nature to facilitate descent.

Renshen (Radix Ginseng, rhizome removed), Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, stir-fried), Fuling (Poria, peel removed), Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong, washed), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, wine-washed), Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba, stir-fried), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi, stir-fried) (equal parts).

For cases where Wind pathogen enters the Stomach and Intestines causing bloody diarrhea, or where intestinal damp-toxin causes discharge resembling bean curd dregs or blood stasis, this formula is indicated.

Wind is a Yang pathogen; when blood encounters it, it moves freely, resulting in fresh blood discharge. Dampness is a Yin pathogen; when blood encounters it, it becomes corrupted, resembling bean curd dregs. After Qi and Blood become deficient, pathogens gather there; therefore, Renshen, Baizhu, and Fuling are used to tonify Qi. Chuanxiong, Dang Gui, and Baishao are used to nourish Blood. The acridity of Rougui can disperse Wind pathogen, and its heat can warm-dispel damp-toxin. Blood-invigorating herbs combined with it can harmonize Ying (Nutritive) Qi, while Qi-tonifying herbs combined with it can benefit Wei (Defensive) Qi. It is also said: Baizhu and Fuling can strengthen the Spleen and treat dampness; Chuanxiong and Rougui can enter the Blood level and expel Wind.