（《局方》）
治一切痰饮为病，咳嗽胀满，呕吐恶心，头眩心悸（脾虚不能健运，则生痰饮，稠者为
痰，稀者为饮。水湿其本也，得火则结为痰，随气升降，在肺则咳，在胃则呕，在头则眩，
在心则悸
半夏（姜制，二钱） 陈皮（去白） 茯苓（一钱） 甘草（五分。）加姜煎（姜能制
半夏之毒。陈皮、半夏贵其陈久，则无燥散之患，故名二陈）。治痰通用二陈。风痰加南星、
白附、皂角、竹沥，寒痰加半夏、姜汁，火痰加石膏、青黛，湿痰加苍术、白术，燥痰加栝
蒌、杏仁，食痰加山楂、麦芽、神曲，老痰加枳实、海石、芒硝，气痰加香附、枳壳，胁痰
在皮里膜外，加白芥
此足太阴、阳明药也。半夏辛温，体滑性燥，行水利痰，为君。痰因气滞，气顺则痰降
，故以橘红利气；痰由湿生，湿去则痰消，故以茯苓渗湿；为臣。中不和则痰涎聚，又以甘
草和中补土，为佐也（或曰∶有痰而渴，宜去半夏，代以贝母、栝蒌。吴鹤皋曰∶渴而喜饮
水者，易之；渴而不能饮水者，虽渴犹宜半夏也；此湿为本，热为标，湿极而兼胜己之化，
非真象也。按∶贝母寒润，主肺家燥痰，半夏温燥主脾家湿痰；虽俱化痰，而寒温燥润各异，
脱或误施，贻害非浅，用者宜审之。有血不足，阴火上逆，肺受火伤，整肃之令不得下行，
由是津液混浊，生痰不生血者，名燥痰，当用润剂，如地黄、门冬、枸杞之类，滋阴降火，
而痰自清，若投二陈，立见危殆；有痰饮流入四肢，肩背酸痛，手足罢软，误以为风，则非
其治，宜导痰汤加木香、姜黄。大凡痰饮变生诸证，当以治饮为先，饮消则诸证自愈。如头
风眉棱骨痛，投以风药不效，投以痰药见功；又如眼赤羞明，与之凉药不瘳，畀以痰剂获愈
；凡此之类，不一而足。有人坐处吐痰满地，不甚稠粘，只是沫多，此气虚不能摄涎，不可
用利药，宜六君子加益智仁一钱以摄之）。
本方加人参、白术，名六君子汤∶治气虚有痰。本方去茯苓、甘草，名陈皮半夏汤；再
加桔梗，名桔梗半夏汤；本方去陈皮、甘草，名半夏茯苓汤；再加生姜，名小半夏加茯苓汤
（《金匮》）∶并治水气呕恶。本方加黄芩，名茯苓半夏汤（《宣明》）∶治热痰。本方加黄连、
栀子、生姜，名二陈加栀连生姜汤∶治膈上热痰，令人呕吐。去生姜，治嘈杂。本方加砂仁、
枳壳，名砂枳二陈汤∶行痰利气。本方加胆星、枳实，名导痰汤∶治顽痰胶固，非二陈所能
除者（加胆星以助半夏，加枳实以成冲墙倒壁之功）。再加菖蒲，治惊悸健忘，怔忡不寐。
导痰汤加木香、香附，名顺气导痰汤∶治痰结胸满，喘咳上气。本方加枳实、栝蒌、菔子、
山楂、神曲∶治食积痰嗽发热。本方加苍术、枳壳、片子姜黄，名加味二陈汤仁斋∶治痰攻
眼肿，并酒家手臂重痛麻木。本方除甘草，加干姜，姜汁糊丸，名温中化痰丸（《宝鉴》）∶
治胸膈寒痰不快。本方除茯苓、甘草，加黄连，面糊丸，姜汤下，名三圣丸∶治痰火嘈杂，
心悬如饥。单用陈皮、生姜，名橘皮汤《金匮》∶治干呕哕，及手足厥者。单用半夏、姜汁，
名生姜半夏汤（《金匮》）∶治似喘不喘，似呕不呕，似哕不哕，心中愦愦然无奈者。本方半
夏醋煮，除陈
(From *Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang*)
Treats diseases caused by various phlegm-fluids (Tan-Yin), such as cough, chest and abdominal distension/fullness, vomiting, nausea, dizziness, and palpitations. (The mechanism is: Spleen deficiency fails to transport fluids normally, generating phlegm-fluids. The thick substance is called "Phlegm" (Tan), and the thin substance is called "Fluid" (Yin). Water-dampness is its root; when combined with Fire, it congeals into Phlegm. It moves up and down with Qi dynamics; if lodged in the Lung, it causes cough; if lodged in the Stomach, it causes vomiting; if lodged in the head, it causes dizziness; if lodged in the Heart, it causes palpitations.)
Ingredients: Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, processed with ginger juice, 2 qian); Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, remove the white pith); Fu Ling (Poria); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 qian). Decoct with fresh Ginger slices (Ginger can neutralize the toxicity of Ban Xia. Chen Pi and Ban Xia are prized for being aged/stored for a long time, which prevents excessive drying and dispersing effects, hence the name "Er Chen Tang"). This formula is the universal base prescription for treating all types of Phlegm.
Modifications:
For Wind-Phlegm, add Nan Xing (Arisaematis Cum Bile), Bai Fu Zi (Typhonii Rhizoma), Zao Jiao (Gleditsiae Spina), Zhu Li (Bambusae Succus);
For Cold-Phlegm, add Ban Xia, Jiang Zhi (Zingiberis Juice);
For Fire-Phlegm, add Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Qing Dai (Indici Folium);
For Damp-Phlegm, add Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma);
For Dry-Phlegm, add Gua Lou (Trichosanthis Fructus), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum);
For Food-Stagnation Phlegm, add Shan Zha (Crataegi Fructus), Mai Ya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Shen Qu (Massa Medicata Fermentata);
For Old/Stubborn Phlegm, add Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Hai Shi (Spongia), Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas);
For Qi-Phlegm, add Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus);
For Phlegm located in the intercostal spaces or beneath the skin/membranes, add Bai Jie Zi (Sinapis Semen).
This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian.
Ban Xia is acrid and warm, slippery in texture and dry in nature, capable of promoting water metabolism and resolving phlegm; it serves as the Sovereign herb (Jun).
Phlegm often arises from Qi stagnation; when Qi flows smoothly, Phlegm descends; therefore, Ju Hong (Chen Pi) is used to regulate Qi;
Phlegm is generated by Dampness; when Dampness is eliminated, Phlegm dissipates; therefore, Fu Ling is used to leach out Dampness; these two serve as the Minister herbs (Chen).
Imbalance in the Middle Jiao leads to the accumulation of saliva and phlegm; thus, Gan Cao is used to harmonize the Middle Jiao and tonify Earth (Spleen/Stomach), serving as the Assistant herb (Zuo).
(Some argue: If there is Phlegm accompanied by thirst, Ban Xia should be removed and replaced with Bei Mu (Fritillariae Bulbus) or Gua Lou. Wu Hegao stated: If one is thirsty and desires to drink water, substitution is appropriate; if one is thirsty but does not desire to drink, Ban Xia should still be used even if thirsty. This is because Dampness is the root and Heat is the branch; extreme Dampness may mimic the transformation of its overcoming element, which is not a true Heat pattern. Note: Bei Mu is cold and moistening, primarily treating Dry-Phlegm of the Lung; Ban Xia is warm and drying, primarily treating Damp-Phlegm of the Spleen. Although both resolve Phlegm, their properties of cold/warm and dry/moist differ significantly. Misapplication could cause severe harm; practitioners must exercise caution. Furthermore, in cases of Blood insufficiency with counter-flow of Yin-Fire, where the Lung is injured by Fire and its descending function is impaired, turbid Jin-Ye generates Phlegm instead of Blood, known as Dry-Phlegm. One should use moistening agents such as Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Dong Chong Xia Cao/Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix), and Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus) to nourish Yin and descend Fire, clearing the Phlegm naturally. Administering Er Chen Tang here would lead to immediate danger. Additionally, if Phlegm-Fluids flow into the four limbs causing soreness and pain in the shoulders and back, and weakness in the hands and feet, misdiagnosing this as Wind requires a different approach; Dao Tan Tang added with Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Jiang Huang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma) is suitable. Generally, when Phlegm-Fluids generate various syndromes, treatment should prioritize resolving the Fluids; once the Fluids are eliminated, other symptoms will resolve spontaneously. For example, Head-Wind and supraorbital pain unresponsive to Wind-dispelling herbs respond well to Phlegm-resolving herbs; similarly, red eyes and photophobia unresponsive to Cooling herbs heal with Phlegm-resolving formulas. Such cases are numerous. A person spitting large amounts of thin, frothy sputum indicates Qi deficiency failing to hold saliva; diuretic/drainage herbs should be avoided. Liu Jun Zi Tang added with Yi Zhi Ren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus, 1 qian) is suitable to secure the saliva.)
Adding Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) and Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) to this formula creates Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction): treats Phlegm due to Qi deficiency.
Removing Fu Ling and Gan Cao from this formula creates Chen Pi Ban Xia Tang (Tangerine Peel and Pinellia Decoction); adding Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) creates Jie Geng Ban Xia Tang.
Removing Chen Pi and Gan Cao creates Ban Xia Fu Ling Tang (Pinellia and Poria Decoction); adding Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) creates Xiao Ban Xia Jia Fu Ling Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction plus Poria, from *Jin Gui Yao Lue*): treats vomiting and nausea due to Water-Qi.
Adding Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) creates Fu Ling Ban Xia Tang (from *Xuan Ming Lun Fang*): treats Hot-Phlegm.
Adding Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus), and Sheng Jiang creates Er Chen Jia Zhi Lian Sheng Jiang Tang: treats Upper Jiao Hot-Phlegm causing vomiting. Removing Sheng Jiang treats Zhua Za (gluttony/restlessness sensation).
Adding Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) and Zhi Ke creates Sha Zhi Er Chen Tang: promotes Qi movement and resolves Phlegm.
Adding Dan Xing (Arisaematis Cum Bile) and Zhi Shi creates Dao Tan Tang (Phlegm-Guiding Decoction): treats stubborn, adhesive Phlegm that Er Chen Tang cannot resolve (Dan Xing assists Ban Xia; Zhi Shi provides powerful breaking strength). Adding Shi Chang Pu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) treats Jing Ji (fright palpitations), Jian Wang (amnesia), Zheng Chong (palpitations), and Bu Mei (insomnia).
Shun Qi Dao Tan Tang (Qi-Smoothling Phlegm-Guiding Decoction), made by adding Mu Xiang and Xiang Fu to Dao Tan Tang: treats Chest Fullness due to Phlegm Knotting, wheezing, cough, and rebellious Qi.
Adding Zhi Shi, Gua Lou, Lu Bo Zi (Raphani Semen), Shan Zha, and Shen Qu treats Fe Re (fever) due to Food Stagnation and Phlegm-Cough.
Adding Cang Zhu, Zhi Ke, and Pian Zi Jiang Huang (Turmeric slice) creates Jia Wei Er Chen Tang (Ren Zhai Formula): treats Eye Swelling due to Phlegm attacking, and heaviness/pain/numbness in arms of alcoholics.
Removing Gan Cao and adding Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), formed into pills with Ginger Juice, creates Wen Zhong Hua Tan Wan (Warm-Middle Resolve-Phlegm Pill, from *Bao Jian*): treats Discomfort from Cold-Phlegm in the Chest and Diaphragm.
Removing Fu Ling and Gan Cao, adding Huang Lian, formed into pills with Flour Paste, taken with Ginger Soup, creates San Sheng Wan (Three Saints Pill): treats Zhua Za (restlessness) due to Phlegm-Fire, with a hollow hunger-like sensation in the heart.
Using only Chen Pi and Sheng Jiang creates Ju Pi Tang (Tangerine Peel Decoction, from *Jin Gui Yao Lue*): treats Gan Ou Yue (dry retching/hiccups) and Jue Ze (cold extremities).
Using only Ban Xia and Jiang Zhi creates Sheng Jiang Ban Xia Tang (Fresh Ginger and Pinellia Decoction, from *Jin Gui Yao Lue*): treats conditions resembling panting but not quite panting, resembling vomiting but not quite vomiting, resembling hiccups but not quite hiccups, with a sense of helplessness and discomfort in the heart.
Ban Xia in this formula is boiled in Vinegar, removing Chen Pi... (Text incomplete)