病有胸胁支满者,妨于食,病至则先闻腥臊臭,出清液,先唾血,四肢清,目眩,时时前、后血,何
以名之?(支满者,满如支膈也。肺主气,其臭腥,肝主血,其臭臊,肺其不能平肝,则肝肺俱
逆于上,浊气不降,清气不升,故闻腥臊而吐清液也。口中唾血,血不归经也。四肢清冷,气不能周也。
头目眩运,失血多而气随血去也。气既乱,故于前阴、后阴,血不时见,而月信反无期矣。)病名血枯。
此得之年少时有所大脱血,若醉入房中,气竭肝伤,故月事衰少不来也。(血枯者,月水断绝也。致此之由,
其原有二∶一则以少时有所大脱血,如胎产既多,及崩、淋、吐、衄之类,皆是也;一则以醉后行房,血
盛而热,因而纵肆,则阴精尽泄,精去则气去,故中气竭也,夫肾主闭,脏肝主疏泄,不惟伤肾,而且伤肝。
及至其久,则三阴俱亏,所以有先见诸证如上所云,而终必至于血枯,则月事衰少不来也。此虽以女子为言,
丈夫有犯前证,亦不免为精枯之病,则劳损之属皆是也。)治之何术?以四乌 骨、一 茹,二物并合之,丸
以雀卵,大如小豆,以五丸为后饭,饮以鲍鱼汁,利肠中及伤肝也。(后饭者,先药后饭也,乌 ,即乌
贼也,骨名海螵蛸,其气味咸温下行,故主女子赤白漏下及血闭、血枯,其性涩,故亦能令人有子。 茹,亦
名茹芦,即茜草也,气味甘寒无毒,能止血治崩,又能益精气,活血通经脉,作 茹者
非,盖 茹有毒,岂血枯者所宜?未之详耳。雀,即麻雀也。雀卵气味甘温,能补益精血,主男子阴痿不起,
故可使多精有子,及女子带下、便溺不利。鲍鱼,即今之淡干鱼也。诸鱼皆可为之,惟石首鲫鱼者为胜。其气
味辛温无毒。鱼本水中之物,故其性能入水脏,通血脉,益阴气,煮汁服之,能同诸药通女子血闭也,以上四
药,皆通血脉,血主于肝,故凡病伤肝者,亦皆可用之,血枯一症,与血膈相似,皆经闭不通之候。然而枯之
与膈,则相反有如冰炭。夫枯者,枯竭之谓,血虚之极也。膈者,阻隔之谓,血本不虚,而或气,或寒,
或积,有所逆也。膈者,病发于暂,其证
则或痛或实,通之则血行而愈,可攻者也,枯者,其来也渐,冲在内竭,其症无形,必不可通者也。今人每
用四物加桃仁、红花,甚至硝、朴、棱、莪之类,无所不至,夫血既枯矣,只当补养阴气,使其血充则勿招自
至,奚俟通也?若勉强逼之,则枯者愈枯,不危何待?)
There is a disease characterized by distension and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, which interferes with eating. Upon onset, the patient first perceives fishy and rank odors, secretes clear fluid, expectorates blood in saliva, experiences cold limbs, dizziness, and frequent bleeding from either the anterior or posterior orifice. What is this disease called? (Distension refers to a feeling of fullness as if obstructed by a support. The Lung governs Qi, its odor is fishy; the Liver governs Blood, its odor is rank. If Lung Qi fails to subdue Liver Wood, both Liver and Lung Qi rebel upwards, turbid Qi fails to descend, and clear Qi fails to ascend, hence the perception of fishy and rank odors and the vomiting of clear fluid. Saliva mixed with blood indicates that Blood does not follow its normal channels. Cold limbs indicate that Yang Qi cannot circulate throughout the body. Dizziness of the head and eyes results from excessive blood loss causing Qi to depart with the Blood. Since Qi mechanism is chaotic, blood appears intermittently from the anterior and posterior orifices, while menstruation becomes irregular.) This disease is named "Blood Depletion" (Xue Ku). It arises from significant blood loss in youth, or sexual intercourse while intoxicated, leading to exhaustion of Qi and injury to the Liver, resulting in scanty or absent menstruation. (Blood Depletion refers to the cessation of menses. There are two main causes: First, significant blood loss in youth, such as multiple pregnancies, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, hematemesis, or epistaxis. Second, sexual intercourse after intoxication; when Blood is abundant and heat is generated, indulgence leads to the complete depletion of Yin Essence. When Essence is lost, Qi is lost, thus exhausting Middle Qi. The Kidney governs closure, and the Liver governs dispersion; this injures both the Kidney and the Liver. Over time, the Three Yin meridians are depleted, leading to the aforementioned symptoms and ultimately to Blood Depletion, where menstruation becomes scanty or ceases. Although described here regarding women, men suffering from similar etiologies will inevitably suffer from Essence Depletion, belonging to the category of consumptive diseases.) What is the treatment method? Use four parts of Sepiae Endoconcha (Hai Piao Xiao) and one part of Radix Rubiae (Qian Cao), combine these two substances, form pills using sparrow eggs, sized like small beans. Take five pills per dose, administered after meals, with dried cuttlefish (Bao Yu) decoction as the vehicle, to benefit the intestines and heal liver injury. ("After meal" means taking medicine before eating. Sepia refers to the cuttlefish; its bone is named Hai Piao Xiao. Its flavor is salty and warm, with a descending nature, thus treating leukorrhea, blood stasis, and blood depletion in women. Due to its astringent nature, it also promotes fertility. Qian Cao, also known as Ru Lu, is Rubia cordifolia. Its flavor is sweet and cold, non-toxic; it stops bleeding, treats metrorrhagia, tonifies Essence and Qi, invigorates Blood, and unblocks meridians. The herb referred to as "Ru" is incorrect, as Ru is toxic and unsuitable for blood depletion; this was likely due to lack of detailed examination. Sparrow eggs have a sweet and warm flavor, tonifying Essence and Blood, treating male impotence, promoting fertility, and addressing female leukorrhea and difficult urination. Bao Yu refers to dried salted fish. Various fish can be used, but those from Sciaenidae or Carassius auratus are superior. Its flavor is pungent and warm, non-toxic. As aquatic creatures, their nature enters the Water Zang organs, unblocks blood vessels, and nourishes Yin Qi. Decoction taken with other herbs helps treat female blood stasis. All four ingredients above unblock blood vessels. Since Blood is governed by the Liver, they are applicable to any disease injuring the Liver. Blood Depletion resembles Blood Obstruction (Xue Ge), both presenting as amenorrhea. However, Depletion and Obstruction are opposites, like ice and charcoal. Depletion implies exhaustion, extreme Blood deficiency. Obstruction implies blockage; Blood is not deficient, but blocked by Qi stagnation, Cold, or accumulation. Obstruction is acute, presenting with pain or excess signs; unblocking resolves it, making it suitable for purgative treatment. Depletion develops gradually, with internal exhaustion of Chong and Ren meridians, presenting without有形 signs, and absolutely contraindicated for unblocking/purging. Currently, physicians often use Si Wu Tang plus Persicae Semen (Tao Ren) and Carthami Flos (Hong Hua), even employing Mirabilite (Xiao Ming Fan), Glauber's Salt (Pu Xiao San), Bupleuri Radix (San Leng), and Curcumae Rhizoma (E Zhu). Since Blood is already depleted, one should only tonify Yin Qi; once Blood is replenished, menstruation will return naturally. Why force unblocking? Forcing it will exacerbate depletion, leading to danger.)