两耳时红时热者，主外感风热。(《集成》)
两耳尖发冷者，主发痘疹。(《集成》)
风门在耳前，少阳经所主。色黑，则为寒为疝。色青，则为燥为风。(《集成》)
耳上属心。凡出痘时，宜色红而热。若色黑与白而冷，其筋纹如梅花品字样，或串字样
，从耳皮上出者，皆逆也。(《大全》)
耳下属肾。凡出痘时，其色宜红紫带冷，不宜淡黄壮热。如筋纹梅花品字样为顺，若如
蚤咬芝麻之形者，为险逆难治之候。(《大全》)
耳后耳里属肺。凡出痘时，其色宜淡白带温，不宜红紫壮热。如见茱萸形，或灯火烧烙
之样为逆。(《大全》)
耳后耳外属肝。凡出痘时，其色宜青带温，不宜淡白冰冷。稀疏者吉，稠密者凶。(《
大全》)
耳后中间属脾。凡出痘时，宜苍黄温和，不宜青色壮热，稀疏如黄蜡色者吉，稠密如蚁
色带青者凶。(《大全》)
凡出痘，耳后筋三条而枝叶多，色淡红者吉。系心经发痘，主头面稀少。(《大全》)
凡出痘，耳后筋紫赤色者，主肝经发痘，而急出者凶。(《大全》)
凡出痘，耳后筋苍黄色者，或筋头大而根转小，系脾经发痘，主头面胸腹必稀。(《大
全》)
凡出痘，耳后筋淡而色白者，枝叶繁乱，系肺经发痘。出如蚕种，主痒塌极凶之兆，三
五日
必亡。(《大全》)
凡出痘，耳筋色黑，枝叶多者，系肾经发痘。主黑陷伏毒，九朝十朝内
必死。(《大全》)
凡发热，耳筋出现紫黑赤白皆凶。耳上凉者吉，耳下凉者凶。耳后青筋起，主螈 。(
《大全》)
耳色枯焦，主肾涸证危。(《集成》)
两耳后黑筋，横过发际，主脐下疼，肾气痛。(《集成》)
凡看小儿潮热之际，以两耳辨其五色为验，便知生死轻重之分。(《大全》)
耳上起青筋者主肝风，耳聋发狂者阳虚病。(周于蕃)
耳痛、耳肿、耳聋者，皆主胆病。(周于蕃)
按∶耳背上、中、下、分五脏。邵公治痘称为秘法。乃识者以穿凿讥之，未为无见。回
忆幼
时聆先君之训曰∶兴化有顾先生者，其面麻，群以顾大麻呼之。取佾生者三，卒未补博士弟
子员。治痘有神术，惟酷暑严寒，不起之证百中一二。其生平辄自负曰∶痘无死证。顾公麻
，顾公洵三折肱矣。今春痘疫流行，夭枉甚多。总由寒热虚实，莫能确辨，亦婴儿一劫也。
嗣有《痘疹辨证录》四卷，续刻问世，求海内诸方家惠书赐教，幸甚盼甚。是篇察耳，耳虽
为肾窍，而五脏所结，系于耳者居多。外感则或冷或热，内伤则或暗或滞。善诊面色者，神
明而熟察之，亦辨证要法也。若徒取以辨痘证则拘矣。(惕厉子)
\r耳背图\pn-n3.bmp\r
耳珠属肾，耳叶属脾，耳上轮属心，耳皮肉属肺，耳背玉楼属肝。
When both ears are alternately red and hot, it indicates an external contraction of wind-heat. (Jicheng)
When the tips of both ears are cold, it indicates the eruption of smallpox or chickenpox. (Jicheng)
Fengmen (Wind Gate) is located in front of the ear and is governed by the Shaoyang channel. If the color is black, it indicates coldness or hernia; if the color is green, it indicates dryness or wind. (Jicheng)
The upper part of the ear belongs to the Heart. During the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, the area should be red and warm. If the color is black or white and cold, and the vascular patterns resemble a plum blossom arrangement or the character "chuan" (string), emerging from the skin of the ear, these are all adverse signs (ni zheng). (Daquan)
The lower part of the ear belongs to the Kidney. During the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, the color should be red-purple with a cool sensation, not pale yellow with intense heat. If the vascular patterns resemble a plum blossom arrangement, it is a favorable sign (shun zheng); if they resemble flea bites or sesame seeds, it is a dangerous, adverse, and difficult-to-treat condition. (Daquan)
The posterior and interior parts of the ear belong to the Lung. During the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, the color should be pale white and mild, not red-purple with intense heat. If a shape resembling cornel fruit appears, or marks resembling burns from a lamp flame are seen, it is an adverse sign. (Daquan)
The posterior and lateral parts of the ear belong to the Liver. During the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, the color should be greenish with warmth, not pale white and icy cold. Sparse eruptions are auspicious; dense eruptions are ominous. (Daquan)
The central posterior part of the ear belongs to the Spleen. During the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, the color should be dark yellow and mild, not green with intense heat. Sparse eruptions resembling yellow wax are auspicious; dense eruptions resembling ant color with a greenish tint are ominous. (Daquan)
In general, during the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, if there are three tendons behind the ear with many branches and the color is pale red, it is auspicious. This indicates smallpox/chickenpox originating from the Heart channel, characterized by sparse eruptions on the head and face. (Daquan)
In general, during the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, if the tendons behind the ear are purple-red, it indicates smallpox/chickenpox originating from the Liver channel, and rapid eruption is ominous. (Daquan)
In general, during the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, if the tendons behind the ear are dark yellow, or if the tendon heads are large and roots small, it indicates smallpox/chickenpox originating from the Spleen channel, characterized by sparse eruptions on the head, face, chest, and abdomen. (Daquan)
In general, during the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, if the tendons behind the ear are pale and white with chaotic branches, it indicates smallpox/chickenpox originating from the Lung channel. Eruptions resembling silkworm eggs indicate itching and collapse, which is an extremely ominous omen; death will occur within three to five days. (Daquan)
In general, during the eruption of smallpox/chickenpox, if the tendons in the ear are black with many branches, it indicates smallpox/chickenpox originating from the Kidney channel. It indicates black depression and latent toxin; death will occur within nine to ten days. (Daquan)
During fever, if the tendons in the ear appear purple, black, red, or white, all are ominous. Coolness at the upper ear is auspicious; coolness at the lower ear is ominous. Emergence of blue-green tendons behind the ear indicates convulsions and twitching (yuan chan). (Daquan)
Withered and scorched ear color indicates critical Kidney Yin exhaustion. (Jicheng)
Black tendons crossing horizontally over the hairline behind both ears indicate pain below the umbilicus and Kidney Qi pain. (Jicheng)
When observing children with tidal fever, distinguishing the five colors of the ears serves as verification to determine the severity of life and death. (Daquan)
Emergence of green tendons on the upper ear indicates Liver Wind; deafness accompanied by mania indicates Yang deficiency disease. (Zhou Yufan)
Earache, ear swelling, and deafness all indicate Gallbladder disease. (Zhou Yufan)
Commentary: The upper, middle, and lower parts of the back of the ear correspond to the Five Zang organs. Master Shao called this a secret method for treating smallpox/chickenpox. Scholars have criticized it as forced interpretation, which is not without merit. Recalling teachings from my father in my youth: There was a Mr. Gu in Xinghua who had pockmarks on his face, so people called him "Gu Dama." He passed the Yi Sheng examination three times but never obtained the position of Doctor's Disciple. He possessed miraculous skills in treating smallpox/chickenpox; only in extreme summer heat or winter cold were there one or two incurable cases out of a hundred. He often boasted: "There are no fatal cases of smallpox/chickenpox." Mr. Gu, with his pockmarked face, truly exemplified the saying "three broken limbs make a good physician." This spring, smallpox/chickenpox epidemics spread widely, causing many premature deaths. This was largely due to the inability to accurately distinguish between cold/heat and deficiency/excess. It is also a tribulation for infants. Subsequently, "Record of Differentiating Smallpox and Chickenpox Syndromes" in four volumes was published. I earnestly request guidance from experts nationwide. This section on examining the ears notes that although the ear is the opening of the Kidney, most connections of the Five Zang organs relate to the ear. External contractions cause cold or heat; internal injuries cause dullness or stagnation. Those skilled in diagnosing facial complexion can use keen observation as an important method for syndrome differentiation. However, using it solely to differentiate smallpox/chickenpox syndromes is too restrictive. (Tili Zi)
\rEar Back Diagram\pn-n3.bmp\r
The earlobe (Er Zhu) belongs to the Kidney; the ear leaf (Er Ye) belongs to the Spleen; the upper wheel of the ear (Er Shang Lun) belongs to the Heart; the skin and flesh of the ear (Er Pi Rou) belong to the Lung; the Jade Tower on the back of the ear (Er Bei Yu Lou) belongs to the Liver.