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After infants are half a year old and fall ill, use the ring finger, middle finger, and index finger to press curvedly below the hairline above the eyebrows on the forehead. If all three fingers feel hot, it indicates contraction of wind pathogen. If nasal congestion and coarse breathing occur, and all three fingers feel cold, it indicates contraction of wind-cold, with cold viscera leading to vomiting and diarrhea. If the index and middle fingers are hot, it indicates upper heat and lower cold; if the ring and middle fingers are hot, it indicates signs of being affected by fright (Jia Jing); if only the index finger is hot, it indicates qi stagnation in the chest and diaphragm, and indigestion of milk and food. (From *Lantai Guifan*)

Note: The three-finger facial diagnosis method has been recorded in various medical texts throughout history. However, its applicability varies, so it must be combined with other diagnostic methods to ensure accuracy. Since this technique involves life-and-death stakes for the child, it cannot be performed carelessly. Zhang Zhongjing said, "Entrusting patients to mediocre physicians who act arbitrarily serves as a warning to future generations of incompetent doctors." (Ti Li Zi)

The eyes are the orifice of the Liver. Vigorous gaze with rotating eyeballs indicates Wind. Fixed gaze without rotation indicates that Liver Qi is about to exhaust. (Xia Yuzhu)

The orifices of the eyes are associated with the Five Zang Organs. The black part of the eye (Hei Zhu) belongs to the Liver; pure yellow color indicates a ominous syndrome. The white part of the eye (Bai Zhu) belongs to the Lung; cyan color indicates Liver Wind insulting the Lung. Pale yellow indicates Spleen accumulation and stagnation; dark yellow indicates internal damp-heat retention. The pupil (Tong Ren) belongs to the Kidney; lack of luster combined with yellowing indicates Kidney Qi deficiency. The outer canthus (Da Jiao) belongs to the Large Intestine; ulceration indicates Lung Wind. The inner canthus (Xiao Jiao) belongs to the Small Intestine; ulceration indicates Heart Heat. The upper eyelid belongs to the Spleen; swelling indicates Spleen injury. The lower eyelid belongs to the Stomach; cyan color indicates Stomach Wind. Swelling of both upper and lower eyelids indicates Wind-Heat in the Spleen Meridian. Sleeping with eyes partially open (Shui Lu Jing) is caused by Spleen-Stomach Deficiency-Cold. (Xia Yuzhu)

Frequent blinking in infants indicates Wind in the Liver. Whether the disease is new or chronic, when Liver Wind enters the eyes, it feels like wind blowing, which the infant cannot tolerate, causing frequent blinking. (Xia Yuzhu)

Infants lacking luster in their eyes, or having more white sclera than black iris, indicate Deficiency of Liver and Kidney. (*Da Quan*)

The Heart governs redness. Severe redness of the eyes indicates Excess Heat in the Heart; mild redness indicates Deficient Heat in the Heart. The Liver governs cyan color. Severe cyan color indicates Liver Heat; pale cyan indicates Liver Deficiency. The Spleen governs yellow color. Severe yellowing indicates Spleen Heat; pale yellow indicates Spleen Deficiency. (*Ji Cheng*)

Dark circles under the eyes indicate internal Phlegm-Fluid retention; bluish discoloration indicates impending convulsions due to Fright. (*Da Quan*)

Short-lived spirit without luster, weak vision, and dimness indicate critical illness and potential early death. Fixed staring eyes indicate exhaustion of Bladder Qi, possibly caused by internal disturbance of Phlegm-Saliva. If the eyes are slightly fixed but can move temporarily, it also belongs to Phlegm syndromes. (*Da Quan*)

The eyes belong to the Liver. When Liver Qi is Excess, eye discharge (Chi) is dry and hard; when Liver Qi is Deficient, eye discharge is sticky. Cold injuring the Liver causes cold tears; Heat injuring the Liver causes hot tears. (Ti Li Zi)

Red vessels penetrating the pupil indicate Fire invading the Water position (Kidney). Treatment should involve draining the Heart and tonifying the Kidney. (*Zhi Nan*)

In any disease, if yellow color appears in both eyes, the illness is about to heal. (*Ji Cheng*)

Red eyes indicate Heart Excess Heat; pale red indicates Heart Deficient Heat. Cyan eyes indicate Liver Excess Heat; pale cyan indicates Liver Deficient Heat. Yellow eyes indicate Spleen Excess Heat; slight yellow indicates Spleen Deficient Heat. White and turbid eyes indicate Lung Excess Heat; lack of luster indicates Kidney Deficiency. (Qian Zhongyang)

During convulsions from Fright and Epilepsy: males look left without sound, look right with sound; females look right without sound, look left with sound. This is due to mutual overcoming of Yin and Yang. (Qian Zhongyang)

When a patient is critically ill, one must observe both eyes. Thus, the classics state: "Observe the eye color to know the survival or demise of the disease." (*Shi Bu Zhai*)

Zhang Zhongjing said: "Eyes appear unclear, pupils are not harmonious"; "Pupils not harmonious" means mental confusion akin to drunkenness. Without exterior or interior syndromes, but with difficulty in defecation and slight fever, this is an Excess syndrome requiring urgent purgation. The classics state: "In heat diseases, if vision is impaired and heat persists, death ensues." (*Shi Bu Zhai*)

Infants with black irises full of luster indicate longevity; even if sick, they recover easily. If there is excessive white sclera, dull/blackish iris, or small/yellowish eyeballs, it indicates disaster/misfortune. (*Ji Cheng*)

Fixed staring eyes in infants indicate Heat; white membrane covering the pupil indicates development of Guan Syndrome (malnutrition/parasitic disorder). Symptoms include eyes opening but not closing, or closing but not opening; crying without tears, or weeping without crying, indicate Exhaustion of the Liver. (*Ji Cheng*)

Opening eyes to see people belongs to Yang; closing eyes and avoiding people belongs to Yin. (*Da Quan*)

Sudden loss of vision indicates depletion of Yin and Blood. Fixed eyes without movement indicate a critical condition. (Zhou Yufan)

Note: The classics state: "The Liver opens into the eyes." Having eyes is like heaven having the sun. With the sun, sunlight shines everywhere; with eyes, essence and light project outward. The eyes are the most prominent manifestation. Separately, eyes specifically belong to the Liver. Generally, all Zang-Fu organs are connected to the eyes. External Six Evils and internal Seven Emotions cause Zang-Fu diseases that manifest in the eyes. Diagnosing the eyes is an essential skill for physicians. (Ti Li Zi)

The inner canthus (Rui Kou/Xiao Chi) belongs to the Heart and Small Intestine. Upper and lower eyelids belong to the Spleen and Stomach. The pupil belongs to the Kidney. The black part of the eye belongs to the Liver. The white part of the eye belongs to the Lung. The inner canthus is...