证
夫疔疮者，皆由脏腑积受热毒邪气，相搏于经络之间，以致血气凝滞，注于毛孔手足头面，各随五脏
部分而发也。其形如粟米，或疼或痒，以致遍身麻木，头眩寒热，时生呕逆，甚则四肢沉重，心惊眼花。盖
疔肿初发热，突起如钉盖，故谓之疔。疔疮含蓄毒瓦斯，突出寸许，痛痒异常，一、二日间，害人甚速。
《内经》以白疔发于颈鼻，赤疔发于舌根，黄疔发于口唇，黑疔发于耳前，青疔发于目下。盖取五色以应五
脏，各有所属部位而已。然或肩、或腰、或足，发无定处，如在手足、头面、骨节间最急，其余犹可缓也。
近世多食灾牛疫马之肉，而成此证。其形有十三种，皆以形而名之耳。一曰麻子疔，始末极痒，忌麻子油，
犯之多不救；二曰石疔；三曰雄疔；四曰雌疔；五曰火疔；五曰烂疔；七曰三十六疔；八曰
蛇眼疔；九曰盐肤疔；十曰水洗疔；十一曰刃镰疔；十二曰浮鸥疔；十三曰牛狗疔。惟三十六疔最为可
畏，其状头黑浮起，形如黑豆，四畔大，赤色，今日生一，明日生二，后日生三，乃至十数，
犹为可治。若满三十六，则不可治矣。又有所谓红丝疔，鱼脐疔之
类，其名甚多。其红丝疔者，或生手足间，有红丝一条，急宜用针
刺断。不然其丝入心，必难治矣。鱼脐疔者，状如鱼脐也。
治
凡疗疔疮，皆宜刺疮中心至痛处，又刺四边十余下，令去恶血，乃以药敷之，仍服蟾酥丸之类。
发汗诸疔名目虽多，其治法略同。如身冷自汗，呕逆燥喘，狂喝妄语，直视者，皆毒瓦斯攻内，不可治矣。
方
飞龙夺命丹
治疔疮，发脑疽、乳痈、附骨疽、一切无头肿毒恶疮，服之便有头。不痛者，服之便痛。已成
者，服之立愈。此乃恶证药中至宝，危者服之立安。
雄黄（二钱） 朱砂（一钱，为衣） 轻粉（五分） 血竭（一钱） 乳香（一钱）
没药（一钱） 蟾酥（二钱） 铜绿（二钱） 胆矾（一钱） 麝香（五分） 片脑（五分）
蜈蚣（一条，去头足） 蜗牛（二十一个） 寒水石（一钱）
上为末，先将蜗牛连壳研如泥，和为丸如绿豆大。如丸不就。入酒打面糊丸之。每服二丸，先用葱
白三寸，令病患嚼烂，吐于男左女右手心，将丸药裹在葱白内，用无灰热酒三、四杯送下，于避风处，以衣
盖覆之。约人行五里之久，再用热酒数杯以助药力，发热大汗为度。如重者无汗，再进二丸，汗出即效。如
疔疮走黄过心者，并出冷汗者难治。病患不能嚼葱，研烂裹之。疮在下，食前服，疮在上，食后服。忌
冷水、黄瓜、茄子，油腻鸡鱼肉，湿面，一切发物不可食。
化生丸（戴近山传）
治一切发背痈疽，无名肿毒，诸般恶毒疔疮，及治破伤风，阴
证伤寒，并杨梅疮毒，筋骨疼痛等证，并皆一服奏效。
蟾酥（二钱） 血竭（二钱） 蜗牛（二十个，瓦上焙干，肉壳俱用） 铜绿（二分半，
与上三味同研） 枯白矾（一钱） 轻粉（二钱，二味同研） 朱砂（三钱，研细，留一钱为衣）
上为细末，用人乳汁为丸，如绿豆大，朱砂为衣。令病患嚼葱
二根，令烂吐出，裹药三丸在内吞下，热酒送之。
赵府小灵丹 治一切恶毒疔疮，诸般无名肿毒及四时伤风伤寒，憎寒壮热，无汗初觉者。
乳香 没药 轻粉 血竭 朱砂 川乌尖 草乌尖 巴豆霜 细辛 蟾酥（等分） 麝香（减半）
上为末，糯糊丸黄米大，雄黄为衣。每服十五丸，小儿五、七
丸，用葱白三根劈开，入丸在内，细嚼好酒下。被盖汗出，避风，妇人有孕不可服。
金蟾丸（罗颖波传） 治疔疮
朱砂 雄黄 轻粉 草乌 海金沙（各一钱）
上为末，用蟾酥为丸，如绿豆大。每服三丸，以葱白一根，劈
破夹药在内，线缚住，灰火煨令香，取去线，连须带药嚼下，以温水送之。被盖出汗，忌生醋、冷水。
蟾酥丸（毛惟中传） 治疔疮发背，无名肿毒，咽喉肿痛，小儿急慢惊风，痘疹，伤寒阴证等疾。
朱砂（五钱） 雄黄（五钱） 麝香（少许）
上为细末，以端午日将蟾酥为丸如菜子大。每服三丸，葱酒送下，取汗为效。咽喉肿疼，点患处立愈。
神仙解毒丸
治疔疮、发背、鱼口诸般恶疮、肿毒初发，一服立消。
白矾不拘多少，溶化作丸如绿豆大，朱砂为衣。每服十丸，用
连须葱七、八根，水煎一碗送下，立愈。已成者不伤生，未成者即消。
老军散 治发背、痈疽、疔疮、恶毒，一切无名肿痛、 热初起未溃者。
大黄（半生半煨） 甘草节（等分）
上为细末，和匀，每用一匙，空心温酒调服一、二服，疏利为度。
〔批〕（按上方治疗疮内消专攻之剂）
还魂散 凡患疔疮、痈疽、疖毒，此药能令内消去毒，化为黑水，从小便出，万无一失。
知母 贝母 白芨 半夏 天花粉 皂角刺 金银花 穿山甲 乳香（各一钱）
上锉一剂，无灰酒一碗，煎至半碗，去渣，只作一服温服，不得加减。再将渣捣烂，加秋过芙蓉叶一两，
用蜜调井花水，和敷疮口上，如干再用蜜水润湿。过一宿，自然消，不必别用峻利之药。以伐元气也。
类圣散（西园公方） 治一切疔疮恶毒肿痛，神效。
川乌 草乌 苍术 细辛 白芷 薄荷 防风 甘草（各五钱）
上为末，鸡子清调涂，留顶。
点点金丹（胡前溪传） 治一切疔疮发背，无名肿毒。三月清明，将虾豚收一罐，用雄黄一两，朱
砂一两，研细末，入罐内晒之。至端午日取出听用，如搽疮，用药磨水，点上立消。
陶潜膏 治疔疮肿痛，危急欲死者。
菊花叶捣烂，敷上即苏。冬月光花，用菊根亦可。
治误食瘟牛肉生疔毒疮。
白颈蚯蚓八、九条，擂酒滤食，其渣贴四围患处，留顶，
Diagnosis
Ding sores (Ding sores, a type of severe carbuncle or furuncle) are all caused by the accumulation of heat-toxic pathogenic factors in the Zang-Fu organs. These factors contend with the Qi and Blood in the meridians, leading to stagnation of Qi and Blood. The stagnation then flows into the hair follicles, hands, feet, head, and face, manifesting according to the specific divisions of the Five Zang organs. The lesions resemble millet grains; they may be painful or itchy, potentially causing generalized numbness, dizziness, alternating chills and fever, frequent nausea and vomiting. In severe cases, the limbs feel heavy, the heart palpitates, and vision becomes blurred. Initially, Ding sores present with fever and a raised appearance resembling a nail cap, hence the name "Ding." They contain toxic vapors that protrude about one cun, accompanied by extreme pain and itching. They can cause rapid deterioration within one or two days. The *Neijing* (Classic of Internal Medicine) states: White Ding appears on the neck and nose; Red Ding on the root of the tongue; Yellow Ding on the lips; Black Ding in front of the ears; Green Ding below the eyes. This classification uses the five colors to correspond to the five Zang organs, each having its specific location. However, they can appear anywhere, such as the shoulders, waist, or feet, without fixed positions. Those appearing on the hands, feet, head, face, or joints are most urgent, while others allow for more gradual treatment. In recent times, many people have contracted this condition by consuming meat from cattle that died during disasters or horses that died from epidemics. There are thirteen types of Ding sores, named according to their morphology: 1. Hemp Seed Ding (Ma Zi Ding), characterized by intense itching throughout; contact with hemp seed oil is strictly contraindicated as it often leads to fatal outcomes; 2. Stone Ding (Shi Ding); 3. Male Ding (Xiong Ding); 4. Female Ding (Ci Ding); 5. Fire Ding (Huo Ding); 6. Rotten Ding (Lan Ding); 7. Thirty-Six Ding (San Shi Liu Ding); 8. Snake Eye Ding (She Yan Ding); 9. Salt Skin Ding (Yan Fu Ding); 10. Water Washed Ding (Shui Xi Ding); 11. Blade Scythe Ding (Ren Lian Ding); 12. Floating Gull Ding (Fu Ou Ding); 13. Ox-Dog Ding (Niu Gou Ding). Among these, Thirty-Six Ding is the most feared. It presents with a black, floating head resembling a black bean, with a large, red periphery. It may start with one lesion today, two tomorrow, and three the day after, extending to dozens. If less than thirty-six lesions appear, it is still treatable. If there are thirty-six, it is incurable. Other types include Red Thread Ding (Hong Si Ding) and Fish Navel Ding (Yu Qi Ding), among many names. Red Thread Ding appears between the hands or feet with a visible red thread; it must be pricked and cut with a needle immediately. Otherwise, if the thread enters the Heart, it becomes difficult to treat. Fish Navel Ding resembles the navel of a fish.
Treatment
In treating Ding sores, one should puncture the center of the sore at the point of maximum pain, and then puncture the surrounding area more than ten times to release evil blood. Apply medicinal paste externally, and internally administer formulas such as Chan Su Wan (Toad Venom Pill). Although there are many names for Ding sores, their treatment methods are largely similar. Symptoms such as cold body, spontaneous sweating, nausea and vomiting, dry thirst, panting, manic shouting, delirious speech, and staring indicate that toxic vapors have attacked the interior; these conditions are considered incurable.
Formulas
Fei Long Duo Ming Dan (Flying Dragon Seizing Life Pill)
Indications: Ding sores, Naodu Ju (Brain Carbuncle), Ru Yong (Breast Abscess), Fu Gu Ju (Bone-Attacking Abscess), and all unheaded swelling toxins and malignant ulcers. Administration promotes suppuration ("head" formation). Non-painful lesions become painful upon administration. Formed lesions resolve immediately. This is a supreme treasure among medicines for malignant conditions; critical patients stabilize instantly.
Ingredients: Xiong Huang (Realgar, 2 qian), Zhu Sha (Cinnabar, 1 qian, used as coating), Qing Fen (Calomel, 5 fen), Xue Jie (Dragon's Blood, 1 qian), Ru Xiang (Frankincense, 1 qian), Mo Yao (Myrrh, 1 qian), Chan Su (Toad Venom, 2 qian), Tong Lv (Chalcanthite, 2 qian), Dan Fan (Alum, 1 qian), She Xiang (Musk, 5 fen), Pian Nao (Borneol, 5 fen), Wu Gong (Centipede, 1, remove head and feet), Wo Niu (Snail, 21), Han Shui Shi (Halloysitum Rubrum, 1 qian).
Preparation: Grind all ingredients into fine powder. First, grind the snails (with shells) into a paste, mix with the powder, and form pills the size of mung beans. If the mixture does not hold shape, use rice flour paste made with wine. Dosage: Two pills per dose. Chew three cun segments of scallion white thoroughly, spit into the palm of the left hand (for men) or right hand (for women), wrap the pill in the scallion, and swallow with three to four cups of hot, non-alcoholic wine. Cover the patient with blankets in a wind-free area. After walking for the distance of five li, drink several more cups of hot wine to boost efficacy. Sweating profusely is the goal. For severe cases without sweat, administer two more pills; effectiveness follows sweating. If the toxin spreads inward to the Heart (Zou Huang) accompanied by cold sweat, the prognosis is poor. If the patient cannot chew scallions, crush them and wrap the pill. For lower body sores, take before meals; for upper body sores, take after meals. Contraindications: Cold water, cucumber, eggplant, greasy meats (chicken, fish, pork), wet noodles, and all "fa wu" (stimulating foods that trigger disease).
Hua Sheng Wan (Life-Generating Pill) [Transmitted by Dai Jinshan]
Indications: All back carbuncles and abscesses, unnamed swellings and toxins, various malignant Ding sores, tetanus, Yin-pattern Shanghan (Cold Damage), yaws (Mei Yang Chuang) toxins, and bone/joint pain. Effective with a single dose.
Ingredients: Chan Su (Toad Venom, 2 qian), Xue Jie (Dragon's Blood, 2 qian), Wo Niu (Snail, 20, baked on tile until dry, use both flesh and shell), Tong Lv (Chalcanthite, 2.5 fen, grind with the above three), Ku Bai Fan (Burnt Alum, 1 qian), Qing Fen (Calomel, 2 qian, grind with Alum), Zhu Sha (Cinnabar, 3 qian, finely ground, reserve 1 qian for coating).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Use human breast milk to form pills the size of mung beans, coat with Cinnabar. Dosage: Patient chews two scallions, spits out the pulp, wraps three pills inside, swallows, and washes down with hot wine.
Zhao Fu Xiao Ling Dan (Zhao Mansion Little Spirit Pill)
Indications: All malignant Ding sores, unnamed swellings and toxins, seasonal Wind-Cold and Cold Damage presenting with aversion to cold, high fever, and initial absence of sweat.
Ingredients: Ru Xiang (Frankincense), Mo Yao (Myrrh), Qing Fen (Calomel), Xue Jie (Dragon's Blood), Zhu Sha (Cinnabar), Chuan Wu Jian (Tip of Aconitum carmichaelii), Cao Wu Jian (Tip of Aconitum kusnezoffii), Ba Dou Shuang (Croton Seed Frost), Xi Xin (Asarum), Chan Su (Toad Venom) in equal parts; She Xiang (Musk) in half amount.
Preparation: Grind into powder, bind with glutinous rice paste into pills the size of millet seeds, coat with Xiong Huang (Realgar). Dosage: Adults take 15 pills; children take 5-7 pills. Split three scallion whites, insert pills, chew thoroughly, and swallow with good wine. Cover with blankets to induce sweating; avoid wind. Contraindicated in pregnant women.
Jin Chan Wan (Golden Toad Pill) [Transmitted by Luo Yingbo]
Indications: Ding sores.
Ingredients: Zhu Sha (Cinnabar), Xiong Huang (Realgar), Qing Fen (Calomel), Cao Wu (Aconitum kusnezoffii), Hai Jin Sha (Lygodium Spore) - each 1 qian.
Preparation: Grind into powder, bind with Chan Su (Toad Venom) into pills the size of mung beans. Dosage: Three pills per dose. Split one scallion white, place pill inside, tie with thread, roast over embers until fragrant, remove thread, chew scallion and pill together, wash down with warm water. Cover to sweat. Contraindications: Raw vinegar, cold water.
Chan Su Wan (Toad Venom Pill) [Transmitted by Mao Weizhong]
Indications: Ding sores with back carbuncles, unnamed swellings and toxins, sore throat and swelling, infantile acute and chronic convulsions, smallpox/rubella, and Yin-pattern Shanghan.
Ingredients: Zhu Sha (Cinnabar, 5 qian), Xiong Huang (Realgar, 5 qian), She Xiang (Musk, a small amount).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. On the Dragon Boat Festival (Duanwu), bind with Chan Su into pills the size of rapeseed. Dosage: Three pills per dose, washed down with scallion and wine. Efficacy indicated by sweating. For sore throat, apply topically to the affected area for immediate relief.
Shen Xian Jie Du Wan (Immortal Detoxifying Pill)
Indications: Ding sores, back carbuncles, Yu Kou (Fish Mouth Ulcer), and other malignant ulcers/swellings in early stages. One dose causes immediate resolution.
Ingredients: Bai Fan (Alum), quantity unrestricted.
Preparation: Melt alum and form pills the size of mung beans, coat with Zhu Sha (Cinnabar). Dosage: Ten pills per dose. Boil seven to eight whole scallions (with roots) in water, drink the decoction to send down the pills. Immediate resolution occurs. Formed lesions do not harm vitality; unformed ones dissipate instantly.
Lao Jun San (Old Soldier Powder)
Indications: Back carbuncles, abscesses, Ding sores, malignant toxins, all unnamed swellings and pains, and heat toxins in early stages before ulceration.
Ingredients: Da Huang (Rhubarb Root), Gan Cao Jie (Licorice Joint) in equal parts.
Preparation: Grind into fine powder, mix evenly. Dosage: One spoonful, taken on an empty stomach mixed with warm wine. Take one or two doses until bowel movements are relaxed.
[Commentary: The above formulas are specialized agents for internal resolution of sores.]
Huan Hun San (Soul-Returning Powder)
Indications: Ding sores, carbuncles, abscesses, and boils. This formula resolves toxins internally, transforming them into black fluid excreted via urine. It is infallible.
Ingredients: Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb), Bai Ji (Bletilla Tuber), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthes Root), Zao Jiao Ci (Gleditsia Spine), Jin Yin Hua (Honeysuckle Flower), Chuan Shan Jia (Pangolin Scale), Ru Xiang (Frankincense) - each 1 qian.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct in one bowl of non-alcoholic wine until half remains. Strain and drink warm in one dose. Do not alter the prescription. Pound the dregs, add one liang of Hibiscus mutabilis leaves harvested after autumn, mix with honey and well water, and apply to the sore. Re-moisten with honey if dry. Natural resolution occurs overnight. Avoid harsh purgatives to prevent damaging Yuan Qi (Original Qi).
Lei Sheng San (Class-Saint Powder) [Formula from Xi Yuan Gong]
Indications: All Ding sores, malignant toxins, swellings, and pains. Divine efficacy.
Ingredients: Chuan Wu (Aconitum carmichaelii), Cao Wu (Aconitum kusnezoffii), Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Xi Xin (Asarum), Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica), Bo He (Mint), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Gan Cao (Licorice Root) - each 5 qian.
Preparation: Grind into powder. Mix with egg white and apply topically, leaving the apex uncovered.
Dian Dian Jin Dan (Dotting Golden Pill) [Transmitted by Hu Qianxi]
Indications: All Ding sores, back carbuncles, unnamed swellings and toxins.
Preparation: During Qingming Festival in March, collect shrimp and guinea pigs in a jar. Add one liang of Xiong Huang (Realgar) and one liang of Zhu Sha (Cinnabar), grind into fine powder, and put in the jar to sun-dry. Retrieve on Duanwu Festival for use. For application, grind the medicine with water and dot onto the sore for immediate resolution.
Tao Qian Gao (Tao Qian Ointment)
Indications: Ding sores with swelling and pain, critical conditions approaching death.
Preparation: Crush fresh chrysanthemum leaves and apply topically; consciousness returns immediately. In winter, Moonflower (Ipomoea alba) or chrysanthemum roots may be used.
Treatment for Ding sores caused by accidentally eating plague-infected beef.
Preparation: Take eight or nine earthworms with white necks, grind them, mix with wine, filter, and drink the liquid. Apply the residue to the surrounding area of the sore, leaving the apex uncovered.