味甘，温，无毒。主轻身，益气，明目。一名长寿。生山野道中。 如麦，叶如艾
月采。
味甘，主金疮痛，延年。一名丁父。生石间，蔓延木上。叶细，大枝，赤茎，母大
黄，有汁。七月七日采。
味甘，无毒。主益气，延年。生山谷中，白顺理。十月采。
微寒，无毒。主治心腹烦满，四肢痿枯，汗出，夜卧自惊，恚怒，伏气在心下，不得
息，肠痈内疽阴蚀，止汗，小便利，溺血，养精神，定魂魄，安五脏。
主治小儿五惊，十二痫，身热不可近人，大人骨间寒热，又杀蛊毒。角，主治惊痫螈 ，
身热如火，腹中坚及热泄。生晋地及太山岩水岸土穴石中死龙处，采无时。（龙骨，得人参、
牛黄良，畏石膏;龙角，畏干漆、蜀椒、理石。）
《本经》原文∶龙骨，味甘，平。主心腹鬼注，精物老魅，咳逆，泄利脓血，女子漏下，
症
杀精物。久服轻
有小毒。主治小儿百病，诸痫，热口不开，大人狂癫。又堕胎，久服轻身，增年，令
人不忘。生晋地平泽，生于牛，得之即阴干百日，使时燥，无令见日月光。（人参为之使，
得牡丹、菖蒲利耳目，恶龙骨、地黄、龙胆、蜚蠊，畏牛漆。）
《本经》原文∶牛黄，味苦，平。主惊痫寒热，热盛狂 ，除邪，逐鬼。生平泽。
[Background Information]
Book: Mingyi Bielu (Record of Famous Physicians' Additional Notes)
Author: Tao Hongjing
Dynasty: Wei and Jin
Chapter: Kejushi / ... / Niuhuang (Total 9 sections)
Category: Medical Treatise
[English Translation]
Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats lightness of the body, tonifies Qi, and brightens the eyes. Also known as Changshou (Longevity). Grows along paths in mountains and wilds. Resembles wheat grains, leaves resemble mugwort (Artemisia argyi), harvested monthly.
Sweet in taste, non-toxic. Mainly treats brightening of the eyes, tonifies Qi, and enables procreation. Grows in hilly areas, resembling the color of Bishi Qing (Green Jasper).
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats lightness of the body, tonifies Qi, and prolongs life. Grows underground in mountainous regions, resembling horse teeth.
Sweet in taste. Mainly treats pain from metal wounds (Jinchuang), and prolongs life. Also known as Dingfu. Grows among rocks, creeping over trees. Leaves are slender, branches are thick, stems are red; it is the mother of Dahuang (Rhubarb), contains juice. Harvested on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
Sweet in taste, non-toxic. Mainly treats tonifying Qi and prolonging life. Grows in valleys, with white and straight grain. Harvested in the tenth lunar month.
Slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats vexation and fullness in the heart and abdomen, flaccidity and atrophy of the four limbs, sweating, spontaneous fright during night sleep, anger and resentment, latent Qi lodged below the heart causing dyspnea, intestinal abscess (Changyong), internal carbuncle (Neiju), yin erosion (Yinshi), stops sweating, promotes urination, treats hematuria, nourishes the spirit (Shen), stabilizes the soul (Hun), and calms the five Zang organs.
Treats nocturnal emission and seminal leakage in urine.
Mainly treats the five types of fright in children, twelve types of epilepsy (Xian), high fever making the patient intolerable to touch, chills and heat alternating in the bones of adults, and kills gu poison (Gu Du). Horns mainly treat fright-induced epilepsy and convulsions, high fever like fire, abdominal hardness, and hot diarrhea. Grows in Jin region and Tai Mountain rocky shores, soil caves, and places where dragons died. Harvested at any time. (Longgu [Dragon Bone], works well with Renshen [Ginseng] and Niuhuang [Calculus Bovis]; fears Shigao [Gypsum Fibrosum]; Longjiao [Dragon Horn] fears Ganqi [Dried Gum Lacquer], Shujiao [Zanthoxylum Fruit], and Lishi [Calcitum].)
Original text from Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing: Longgu [Dragon Bone], sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Mainly treats "ghost injection" (Gui Zhu) in the heart and abdomen, old spirits of essence, cough and counterflow qi, dysentery with pus and blood, leukorrhea in women, kills spirit entities. Long-term use brings lightness of the body.
Slightly toxic. Mainly treats various diseases in children, all types of epilepsy, inability to open the mouth due to heat, mania and epilepsy in adults. Also induces abortion. Long-term use brings lightness of the body, increases lifespan, and prevents forgetfulness. Grows in flat marshes of Jin region, associated with cattle. After obtaining, dry in shade for one hundred days until thoroughly dry, avoiding exposure to sunlight or moonlight. (Renshen [Ginseng] acts as its guide; combined with Mudan [Moutan Cortex] and Changpu [Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome] benefits ears and eyes; dislikes Longgu [Dragon Bone], Dihuang [Rehmannia Root], Longdan [Gentiana Root], Feilian [Blatta Orientalis]; fears Niuxi [though text says Niuxi, likely referring to a specific interaction or typo for another herb, kept as Niuxi per source]).
Original text from Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing: Niuhuang [Calculus Bovis], bitter in taste, neutral in nature. Mainly treats fright, epilepsy, chills and heat, high fever with mania, expels evil, and drives away ghosts. Grows in flat marshes.