论曰阴阳相胜而寒热互作者，以邪气相并也。故气并于阴，则为寒，气并于阳，则为热
，寒则振栗鼓颔，以阴实阳虚故也，热则渴而饮冷，以阴衰阳胜故也。
治疟发寒热。柴胡桂枝汤方
柴胡（去苗四两） 桂（去粗皮） 黄芩（去黑心） 芍药 人参（各一两半） 甘草
（炙一两） 半夏（汤洗
上七味。粗捣筛，每服六钱匕，水二盏，入生姜一枣大拍碎，枣二枚劈破，煎至一盏，
去滓温服。
治疟壮热憎寒，大便秘涩。鳖甲汤方
鳖甲（醋炙去裙 ） 赤芍药 桃仁（去皮尖双仁炒研） 当归（切焙） 大青 天灵
盖（酥炙别捣末
上九味。除天灵盖外，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓调天灵盖末一钱
匕，未发前温服，仍留其滓重煎，若先自利，去牵牛子。
治诸疟疾先热后寒，头痛四肢烦倦。麻黄汤方
麻黄（去根节） 乌梅肉（炒） 秦艽（去苗土） 柴胡（去苗） 甘草（炙） 麦门
冬（去心焙） 犀角（镑各三
上九味。粗捣筛，每用五钱匕，水一盏半，入桃柳枝心各七枚，细锉，豉五十粒，煎至
一盏，入朴硝少许，更煎一二沸，去滓，分二服，早晨及卧时，温服之。
治疟先寒后热，四肢黄瘦头痛。常山饮方
常山（一两） 豉（一合） 葛根（锉） 柴胡（去苗） 升麻 牡蛎（熬） 大黄（锉
炒） 前胡（去芦头） 知母（焙） 山栀子仁 枳壳（去瓤麸炒各三分） 半夏（汤洗
七遍去滑炒） 麦门冬（去心焙） 桃仁（去皮尖双仁炒） 甘草（炙） 犀角（镑各半两）
上一十六味。 咀如麻豆大，每用五钱匕，水一盏半，入葱薤白各三寸切碎，煎取一
盏，去滓分二服，发前及发时热服之。
治疟寒热作时，面色黄。人参汤方
人参 常山（各半两） 甘草（生三分） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙一分）
上四味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入茶末半钱匕，灯心五茎，煎至七分，去滓
入酒半盏，和匀候温，未发前顿服取吐，如未吐再服，以痰出尽为度。
治疟经吐下后，寒热头痛烦渴。犀角汤方
犀角（镑） 甘草（炙各半两） 麦门冬（去心焙） 升麻 知母（焙） 鳖甲（醋炙
去裙 各三分） 石
上七味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓食前温服，未发前再服。
治疟疾寒热。丹砂丸方
丹砂 雄黄（各一两） 砒霜（半两） 桃仁（去皮尖双仁麸炒二十一枚） 麝香 阿
魏（各一钱）
上七味。各研极细，再合研匀，用糯米粥和丸，如鸡头大，每服半丸细嚼，新汲水下，
取吐即愈。
治诸疟发歇，寒热不定。二豆丸方
绿豆 黑豆（去皮） 丹砂（研各一分） 砒霜（研半两）
上四味。先研二豆如面，入砒拌匀，滴水丸如梧桐子大，丹砂为衣，每服一丸，发前取
桃心七个烂嚼，冷水吞下，如无桃心，取桃枝煎汤放冷下。
治诸疟寒热往来，止而复发。常山散方
常山（末一两） 砒霜（研一分） 丹砂（研一钱）
上三味。研匀，入白面糊和作饼子，油内煮焦黑为度，再研极细，每服半钱匕，夜半冷
茶清调下。
治疟疾作发寒热。三圣丸方
凝水石（二两） 砒霜（一两） 腻粉（一分）0
上三味。研细，用陈粟米饭和作挺子，以湿纸十重裹，慢火内烧令焦黑，再研为末，粟
米饭和丸，如绿豆大，每服三丸，夜半桃心水下。
治诸疟寒热不已，日渐萎黄。常山饮方
常山（半两） 乌头（炮裂去皮脐七枚） 甘草（生用一两） 蒜（一颗八瓣者） 糯
米（炒一合） 豉（炒一合） 甑带（三寸）
上七味。粗捣筛，以酒一升二合、浸，月下露一夜，横刀一口，置药上，俟天明煎取五
合，去滓空心顿服，良久吐出恶痰即愈，如吐不已，煮浆水粥止之。
治寒热往来，疟久不瘥。鳖甲大黄丸方
鳖甲（去裙 醋炙） 大黄（生锉） 常山 人参 蜀漆 甘草（炙锉） 附子（炮裂
去皮脐） 白薇（各
上八味。捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服十五丸，淡竹叶汤下，平旦一服，食
后良久再服。
治诸疟寒热往来。附子丸方
附子（炮裂去皮脐） 大黄（锉炒各三分） 常山 蜀漆（各一两一分）
上四味。捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服三丸，米饮下，未发一服，临发再一
服。
Discourse states: When Yin and Yang mutually overcome each other, resulting in alternating chills and fever, it is due to the intermingling of pathogenic factors. Thus, when Qi merges with Yin, it manifests as cold; when Qi merges with Yang, it manifests as heat. In cases of cold, there is trembling and jaw chattering, caused by excess Yin and deficiency of Yang. In cases of heat, there is thirst and a desire to drink cold water, caused by deficiency of Yin and excess of Yang.
Treatment for malaria presenting with chills and fever. Chaihu Guizhi Tang (Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) Formula
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, stems removed, four liang) Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, bark removed) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) Renshen (Ginseng Radix, one and a half liang each) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, one liang) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed with hot water)
The above seven herbs. Coarsely crushed and sieved. Take six qianbi per dose, add two zhan of water, one date-sized piece of fresh ginger (crushed), and two jujubes (split). Decoct until one zhan remains, strain, and take warm.
Treatment for malaria with high fever, aversion to cold, and constipation. Biejia Tang (Tartar Testudinis Shell Decoction) Formula
Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, vinegar-fried, skirt removed) Chishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) Taoren (Persicae Semen, skin and tip removed, double-kernel fried and ground) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and dried) Daqing (Isatidis Folium) Tianlinggai (Human Cranium, fried with butter and separately ground into powder)
The above nine herbs. Excluding Tianlinggai, coarsely crush and sieve. Take three qianbi per dose, add one zhan of water, decoct until 70% remains, strain, and mix in one qianbi of Tianlinggai powder. Take warm before the onset of malaria. Retain the dregs for re-decoction. If the patient has previously had diarrhea, remove Qian Niu Zi (Pharbitidis Semen).
Treatment for various types of malaria starting with fever followed by chills, headache, and vexation/fatigue in the limbs. Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) Formula
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed) Wumei (Mume Fructus, fried) Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, stems and soil removed) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, stems removed) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried) Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed and dried) Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved, three liang each)
The above nine herbs. Coarsely crush and sieve. Use five qianbi per dose, add one and a half zhan of water, seven pieces of peach and willow branch hearts (finely chopped), and fifty grains of Douchi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum). Decoct until one zhan remains, add a small amount of Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas), boil for one or two more boils, strain, and divide into two doses. Take warm in the morning and at bedtime.
Treatment for malaria starting with chills followed by fever, yellow emaciation of the limbs, and headache. Changshan Yin (Dichroa Decoction) Formula
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, one liang) Douchi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum, one he) Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, chopped) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, stems removed) Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Muli (Concha Ostreae, calcined) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and fried) Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, radix head removed) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, dried) Shanzhizi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus seed) Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium, pulp and bran removed, bran-fried, three fen each) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in hot water to remove slipperiness, fried) Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed and dried) Taoren (Persicae Semen, skin and tip removed, double-kernel fried) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried) Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved, half liang each)
The above sixteen herbs. Chop to the size of hemp seeds. Use five qianbi per dose, add three cun of scallion white and xiebai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus), finely chopped. Decoct until one zhan remains, strain, and divide into two doses. Take hot before and during the onset of malaria.
Treatment for malaria with chills and fever accompanied by sallow complexion. Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) Formula
Renshen (Ginseng Radix) Changshan (Dichroae Radix, half liang each) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw, three fen) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried, one fen)
The above four herbs. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take five qianbi per dose, add one and a half zhan of water, half a qianbi of tea powder, and five stalks of Dengxin Cao (Junci Medulla). Decoct until 70% remains, strain, add half a zhan of wine, mix well, and wait until warm. Take all at once before the onset to induce vomiting. If vomiting does not occur, take again until phlegm is completely expelled.
Treatment for malaria persisting after emesis or purgation, with chills, fever, headache, restlessness, and thirst. Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction) Formula
Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, half liang each) Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed and dried) Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, dried) Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, vinegar-fried, skirt removed, three fen each) Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed)
The above seven herbs. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take five qianbi per dose, add one and a half zhan of water, decoct until one zhan remains, strain, and take warm before meals. Take another dose before the onset of malaria.
Treatment for malaria chills and fever. Dansha Wan (Cinnabar Pill) Formula
Dansha (Cinnabaris) Xionghuang (Realgar, one liang each) Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide, half liang) Taoren (Persicae Semen, skin and tip removed, double-kernel bran-fried, twenty-one pieces) Shexiang (Moschus) Awei (Ferulae Resina, one qian each)
The above seven herbs. Grind each to an extremely fine powder, then mix thoroughly. Bind with glutinous rice porridge into pills the size of a corn kernel. Chew half a pill thoroughly per dose, swallow with newly drawn cool water. Induce vomiting for cure.
Treatment for various malaria paroxysms with irregular intervals and indeterminate chills/fever. Er Dou Wan (Two Beans Pill) Formula
Lv Dou (Phaseoli Radiati Semen) Hei Dou (Sojae Helvolae Semen, skin removed) Dansha (Cinnabaris, ground, one fen each) Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide, ground, half liang)
The above four herbs. First grind the two beans into flour, mix evenly with arsenic trioxide, bind with drops of water into pills the size of sophora seeds. Coat with cinnabar. Take one pill per dose. Before onset, chew seven peach hearts thoroughly and swallow with cold water. If peach hearts are unavailable, decoct peach branches, let cool, and use for swallowing.
Treatment for various malaria with alternating chills and fever that stops and recurs. Changshan San (Dichroa Powder) Formula
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, powder, one liang) Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide, ground, one fen) Dansha (Cinnabaris, ground, one qian)
The above three herbs. Grind evenly, bind with wheat flour paste into cakes, fry in oil until charred black, then grind to an extremely fine powder. Take half a qianbi per dose, mix with cold clear tea at midnight and swallow.
Treatment for malaria paroxysms with chills and fever. Sansheng Wan (Three Sages Pill) Formula
Ningshui Shi (Natron, two liang) Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide, one liang) Nifen (Calomelas, one fen)
The above three herbs. Grind finely, bind with aged millet rice into sticks. Wrap in ten layers of wet paper, roast slowly over low fire until charred black, then grind into powder. Bind with millet rice into pills the size of mung beans. Take three pills per dose, swallow with peach heart water at midnight.
Treatment for various malaria with persistent chills and fever, leading to gradual sallow yellow complexion. Changshan Yin (Dichroa Decoction) Formula
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, half liang) Wutou (Aconiti Radix Preparata, roasted, cracked, skin and navel removed, seven pieces) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw, one liang) Suan (Allii Sativi Bulbus, one clove with eight segments) Nuomi (Glutinis Oryzae Semen, fried, one he) Douchi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum, fried, one he) Zengdai (Steamer Band, three cun)
The above seven herbs. Coarsely crush and sieve. Soak in one sheng and two he of wine, expose under moonlight overnight. Place a horizontal knife on top of the medicine. Wait until dawn, decoct until five he remain, strain, and take all at once on an empty stomach. After some time, vomiting of evil phlegm will occur, leading to cure. If vomiting persists, decoct sour gruel to stop it.
Treatment for alternating chills and fever, chronic malaria not healing. Biejia Dahuang Wan (Turtle Shell and Rhubarb Pill) Formula
Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, skirt removed, vinegar-fried) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, raw and chopped) Changshan (Dichroae Radix) Renshen (Ginseng Radix) Shuqi (Perillae Folium) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried and chopped) Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, roasted, cracked, skin and navel removed) Baiwei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix, three liang each)
The above eight herbs. Pound and sieve into powder. Bind with refined honey into pills the size of sophora seeds. Take fifteen pills per dose, swallow with light bamboo leaf decoction. Take once at dawn, and again long after eating.
Treatment for various malaria with alternating chills and fever. Fuzi Wan (Aconite Pill) Formula
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, roasted, cracked, skin and navel removed) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and fried, three fen each) Changshan (Dichroae Radix) Shuqi (Perillae Folium, one liang and one fen each)
The above four herbs. Pound and sieve into powder. Bind with refined honey into pills the size of sophora seeds. Take three pills per dose, swallow with rice drink. Take one dose before onset, and another dose just before onset.