论曰，膀胱者、津液之府，与肾合而主水，共为表里，行于小肠，入于胞为溲便，今胞
内有客热，入于膀胱，致水液不利，故小便赤涩也。
治小肠客热，小便淋涩赤痛，木通汤方
木通（锉） 冬葵子（各半两） 冬瓜子 滑石（各一两半） 瞿麦穗 黄芩（各一两）
白茅
上七味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，入竹叶七片，煎至七分，去滓食前温服。
治心与膀胱俱热，小便赤涩不利，石苇汤方
石苇（去毛） 瞿麦穗 虎杖 海金沙（各半两） 滑石（一两）
上五味，粗捣筛，每服二钱匕，水一盏，入灯心半握，煎至七分，去滓温服。
治心热小便赤涩不利，石燕子散方
石燕子（一个） 滑石末（一分） 冬葵子 续随子（去皮别研） 海金沙（别研各一
两）
上五味，捣罗为散，与别研者和匀，每服二钱匕，煎木通汤放冷调下。
通利小肠，治小便赤涩，透泉散方
滑石末（一两） 甜硝（研） 甘草末（各半两） 琥珀（研一分）
上四味同研匀细，每服二钱匕，煎灯心汤调下，空心食前服。
治心脾热壅，小便赤涩，皮肉发黄，目黄色，白茅根汤方
白茅根（锉三两） 秦艽（去苗土） 茵陈蒿 犀角（镑） 黄芩（去黑心各一两半） 朴
硝（
上九味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓空腹服，日二夜一。
治小便赤涩，额上汗出，手足烦热，龙胆汤方
龙胆（去苗洗） 犀角（镑） 生地黄（洗切各一两） 麦门冬（去心生用三分） 升
麻（锉）
上七味 咀，每服四钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓不拘时温服。
治膈上虚热，喉咽噎塞，小便赤涩，神困多睡，酸枣仁丸方
酸枣仁（生用） 薏苡仁（炒） 木通（锉） 黄 （锉） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 升麻
（锉） 大黄
上一十一味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，加至三十丸，煎麦门冬
汤下。
治因有客热，积在脏腑，变为热劳，小便赤涩，四肢烦疼，心膈壅闷，面黄目赤。遍身
壮热，骨节酸疼，饮食无味，犀角汤方
犀角（镑） 鳖甲（去裙 醋炙） 柴胡（去苗） 山芋 续断（锉） 熟干地黄（焙）
黄芩（
朴（去粗皮姜汁
上一十二味，粗捣筛，每服四钱匕，水一盏半，生姜三片，煎至八分，去滓食前温服
治风热，小便赤涩，滑石散方
滑石（二两） 栀子仁（微炒） 木通（锉） 豉（微炒各一两）
上四味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，煎葱白汤调下，早晚食前夜卧各一服。
治小便不利，赤涩疼痛，滑石散方
滑石 木通（锉） 冬葵子（微炒各一两）
上三味，捣罗为散，每服一钱匕，至二钱匕，食前葱白汤调下，以小便利为度。
治头面浮虚，心胸膨胀，小便赤涩，欲作水候，槟榔汤方
槟榔（锉） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 桔梗（炒各一两） 木香（半两）
上四味，粗捣筛，每服二钱匕，水一盏，生姜三片，枣二枚劈，煎至七分，去滓温服不
拘时。
治小便赤涩疼痛，蚕蜕散方
蚕蜕（纸烧灰）
上一味细研，入麝香少许和匀，每服一钱匕，米饮调下。
治小便赤涩、疼痛，酸浆饮方
酸浆草
上一味，采嫩者，洗研绞取自然汁，每服半合，酒半盏和匀，空心服之，未通再服。
治膀胱积热，小便赤涩，榆白皮汤方
榆白皮 车前子 冬葵根 木通（炙各一两） 瞿麦穗 茅根 桑螵蛸（炙各半两）
上七味细锉，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓温服。
治小便淋涩不通，葵子汤方
冬葵子（一合） 朴硝（半两）
上二味，同研匀，以水三盏，煎葵子至一盏半，去滓下朴硝，空腹分温二服。
治小便淋涩不通，紫草散方
紫草（三分）
上一味，捣罗为散，和井花水一盏半顿服。
Commentary states that the Bladder is the mansion of Body Fluids (Jin Ye), harmonizing with the Kidney to govern water metabolism, forming an interior-exterior relationship. Water fluids circulate through the Small Intestine and enter the bladder/pelvis to form urine for excretion. Currently, if external heat pathogens reside within the pelvis and invade the Bladder, causing obstruction in fluid metabolism, it results in red and scanty/difficult urination.
**Mutong Decoction (Cinnamon Twig and Akebia Decoction)**
Indications: Heat from external pathogens in the Small Intestine, causing dysuria with redness, astringency, and pain.
Ingredients: Tongcao (Akebiae Caulis, sliced) 15g, Dongkuizi (Malvae Semen) 15g, Dongguazi (Benincasae Semen) 22.5g, Huashi (Talcum) 22.5g, Qumai (Dianthi Herba) 15g, Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) 15g, Baimaogen (Imperatae Rhizoma) 15g.
Preparation: Coarsely crush and sieve the seven herbs. Take 9g per dose, add 300ml water and 7 slices of Zhuye (Bambusae Folium), decoct until reduced to 210ml. Strain and take warm before meals.
**Shiwei Decoction (Pyrrosiae Herba Decoction)**
Indications: Heat in both the Heart and Bladder, causing red, scanty, and difficult urination.
Ingredients: Shiwei (Pyrrosiae Folium, de-haired) 15g, Qumai (Dianthi Herba) 15g, Huzhang (Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix) 15g, Haijinsha (Lygodii Spora) 15g, Huashi (Talcum) 30g.
Preparation: Coarsely crush and sieve the five herbs. Take 6g per dose, add 300ml water and half a handful of Dengxincao (Junci Medulla), decoct until reduced to 210ml. Strain and take warm.
**Shiyanzi Powder (Stone Swallowing Particle Powder)**
Indications: Heart heat causing red, scanty, and difficult urination.
Ingredients: Shiyanzi (Lapis Lapillus) 1 piece, Huashi powder (Talcum) 3g, Dongkuizi (Malvae Semen) 30g, Xuisui Zi (Euphorbiae Lathyridis Semen, peeled and separately ground) 30g, Haijinsha (Lygodii Spora, separately ground) 30g.
Preparation: Crush and sieve into powder, mix with separately ground ingredients evenly. Take 6g per dose, mix with cooled Mutang Tang (Mutong Decoction).
**Touquan Powder (Spring-Penetrating Powder)**
Indications: Promoting unblocking of the Small Intestine, treating red and scanty/difficult urination.
Ingredients: Huashi powder (Talcum) 30g, Tianxiao (Natrii Sulfas crystallized) 15g, Gancao powder (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 15g, Hupo (Succinum) 3g.
Preparation: Grind all four ingredients finely and mix evenly. Take 6g per dose, mix with Dengxin Tang (Junci Medulla Decoction). Take on an empty stomach and before meals.
**Baimaogen Decoction (Imperatae Rhizoma Decoction)**
Indications: Heat accumulation in the Heart and Spleen, causing red and scanty/difficult urination, yellowing of skin and muscles, and yellow eyes.
Ingredients: Baimaogen (Imperatae Rhizoma, sliced) 90g, Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, remove seedlings and soil), Yinchenhao (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba) 45g, Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved) 45g, Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, remove black heart) 45g, Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas) 45g.
Preparation: Coarsely crush and sieve the nine herbs. Take 9g per dose, add 450ml water, decoct until reduced to 300ml. Strain and take on an empty stomach, twice daily and once at night.
**Longdan Decoction (Gentianae Radix Decoction)**
Indications: Red and scanty/difficult urination, sweating on the forehead, vexatious heat in hands and feet.
Ingredients: Longdan (Gentianae Radix, remove seedlings and wash) 30g, Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved) 30g, Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, washed and sliced) 30g, Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, remove heart, use raw) 9g, Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, sliced) 30g.
Preparation: Chop the seven herbs. Take 12g per dose, add 450ml water, decoct until reduced to 360ml. Strain and take warm at any time.
**Suanzaoren Pill (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen Pill)**
Indications: Deficient heat above the diaphragm, sensation of obstruction in throat and pharynx, red and scanty/difficult urination, mental fatigue and excessive sleepiness.
Ingredients: Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, use raw) 30g, Yiyiren (Coicis Semen, stir-fried) 30g, Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, sliced) 30g, Huangqi (Astragali Radix, sliced) 30g, Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, remove pulp and bran-fried) 30g, Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, sliced) 30g, Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 30g.
Preparation: Crush and sieve into powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, increasing to 30 pills, taken with Maimendong Tang (Ophiopogonis Radix Decoction).
**Xijiao Decoction (Rhinocerotis Cornu Decoction)**
Indications: External heat pathogens accumulating in the zang-fu organs, transforming into Heat Consumption disease (Re Lao), causing red and scanty/difficult urination, vexatious pain in limbs, oppression in heart and diaphragm, sallow complexion with red eyes, generalized high fever, soreness and pain in bone joints, loss of taste in food.
Ingredients: Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved) 30g, Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, remove skirt edge, vinegar-fried) 30g, Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, remove seedlings) 30g, Shanyu (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) 30g, Xuduan (Dipsaci Radix, sliced) 30g, Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, baked) 30g, Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) 30g, Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas) 30g, Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 30g, Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) 30g, Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) 5 pieces, Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) 30g.
Preparation: Coarsely crush and sieve the twelve herbs. Take 12g per dose, add 450ml water and 3 slices of Shengjiang, decoct until reduced to 360ml. Strain and take warm before meals.
**Huashi Powder (Talcum Powder)**
Indications: Wind-heat causing red and scanty/difficult urination.
Ingredients: Huashi (Talcum) 60g, Zhiziren (Gardeniae Semen, lightly stir-fried) 30g, Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, sliced) 30g, Chi (Faber Semen, lightly stir-fried) 30g.
Preparation: Crush and sieve into powder. Take 6g per dose, mix with Congbai Tang (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus Decoction). Take once each in the morning and evening before meals, and once at night before lying down.
**Huashi Powder (Talcum Powder)**
Indications: Difficulty in urination, redness, astringency, and pain.
Ingredients: Huashi (Talcum) 30g, Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, sliced) 30g, Dongkuizi (Malvae Semen, lightly stir-fried) 30g.
Preparation: Crush and sieve into powder. Take 3g to 6g per dose, mix with Congbai Tang (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus Decoction) before meals. Stop when urination becomes smooth.
**Bolang Decoction (Arecae Semen Decoction)**
Indications: Edema and distension of head and face, chest and epigastric distension, red and scanty/difficult urination, impending edema condition.
Ingredients: Bolang (Arecae Semen, sliced) 30g, Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, remove pulp and bran-fried) 30g, Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried) 30g, Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) 15g.
Preparation: Coarsely crush and sieve the four herbs. Take 6g per dose, add 300ml water, 3 slices of Shengjiang, and 2 split Dazao, decoct until reduced to 210ml. Strain and take warm at any time.
**Cantui Powder (Silkworm Cast-off Skin Powder)**
Indications: Red, scanty, and painful urination.
Ingredients: Cantui (Bombyx Batryticatus, burn to ash using paper).
Preparation: Grind the single herb finely, mix with a small amount of Shexiang (Moschus). Take 3g per dose, mix with Mi Yin (Rice Drink).
**Suanjiang Yin (Physalis Juice Drink)**
Indications: Red and painful urination.
Ingredients: Suanjiang Cao (Physalis Fructus) sufficient quantity.
Preparation: Pick tender parts, wash, grind, and squeeze out natural juice. Take 15ml per dose, mix with 30ml wine, take on an empty stomach. If urination does not clear, take again.
**Yubaipi Decoction (Ulmus Alba Cortex Decoction)**
Indications: Heat accumulation in the Bladder, causing red and scanty/difficult urination.
Ingredients: Yubaipi (Ulmus Alba Cortex) 30g, Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen) 30g, Dongkuigen (Malvae Radix) 30g, Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, fried) 30g, Qumai (Dianthi Herba) 15g, Maogen (Imperatae Rhizoma) 15g, Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Ootheca, fried) 15g.
Preparation: Finely chop the seven herbs. Take 15g per dose, add 450ml water, decoct until reduced to 360ml. Strain and take warm.
**Kuizi Decoction (Malvae Semen Decoction)**
Indications: Scanty, astringent, and obstructed urination.
Ingredients: Dongkuizi (Malvae Semen) 30ml, Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas) 15g.
Preparation: Grind both ingredients evenly. Add 900ml water, decoct Dongkuizi until reduced to 600ml. Strain and add Puxiao. Divide into two warm doses on an empty stomach.
**Zicao Powder (Arnebiae Radix Powder)**
Indications: Scanty, astringent, and obstructed urination.
Ingredients: Zicao (Arnebiae Radix) 9g.
Preparation: Crush and sieve into powder. Mix with 450ml well-water (Jinghua Shui) and take in one dose.