论曰夏伤于暑，秋成 疟，小儿血气壅盛。内挟实热，因犯暑邪。客于皮肤分肉之间。
至秋为风冷所折，阳盛于外，阴长于内。阴阳相搏，发而成疟。先寒后热者，寒疟也。先热
后寒者，温疟也。热而不寒者，瘅疟也。若汗出过多，亡阳而渴，当节其饮。多饮而小便涩，
则变为饮 矣。
治小儿疟发作不定，多渴心烦。乌梅汤方
乌梅肉（炒） 常山（各半两） 甘草（炙三分）
上三味，粗捣筛。每服一钱匕，水一盏，入竹叶五片。小麦三十粒。同煎至四分。去滓
温服，量儿大小加减，不拘时候。
治小儿温疟。常山汤方
常山 淡竹叶（各一两） 小麦（一合）
上三味，粗捣筛。分为四剂，每剂以水二盏。煎至一盏，去滓分温三服，一日令尽，以
瘥为度，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿诸疟。大青汤方
大青 鳖甲（醋炙去裙 ） 赤芍药（各半两） 当归（切焙） 茵陈蒿 麻黄（去节
煎去沫
焙） 猪苓（去黑皮各一分）
上七味，粗捣筛。每服半钱匕，水半盏，煎至三分。去滓温服，日三，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿疟疾，身体壮热憎寒，发作有时。当归汤方
当归（切焙） 赤芍药 鳖甲（醋炙去裙 ） 柴胡（去苗） 大黄（锉炒） 甘草（炙
各一分） 桃仁（去皮尖双仁麸炒半两）
上七味，粗捣筛。五六岁儿，每服半钱匕，水半盏。煎至三分，去滓温服、日三。更量
儿大小加减。
治小儿疟。大黄汤方
大黄（锉炒） 常山（各一分） 桂（去粗皮） 甘草（生各半两）
上四味，粗捣筛。三四岁儿每服半钱匕，以水半盏，煎至三分，去滓未发前温服。吐利
为效，更量儿大小加减。
治小儿疟疾。升麻汤方
升麻 常山 蜀漆 大黄（锉炒） 葳蕤 黄芩（去黑心） 桂（去粗皮各一分） 芒
硝（一
两）
上八味，粗捣筛。五六岁儿每服半钱匕，水半盏，煎至三分，去滓发时温服，吐利为效，
更量儿大小加减。
治小儿疟癖实壮热，头痛欲吐。甘草汤方
甘草（炙） 常山（各一两）
上二味，粗捣筛。三四岁儿每服半钱匕，水半盏，入竹叶十片，同煎至三分，去滓温服，
更量儿大小加减，得吐即止。
治小儿疟发寒热，腹胀下痢，呕逆黄瘦。柴胡汤方
柴胡（去苗一分） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒二枚） 诃黎勒（大者一颗煨取皮用） 黄芩（去
黑心）
甘草（炙锉） 芍药 知母（焙各半两）
上七味，粗捣筛。每服一钱匕，水七分，煎至四分，去滓温服。
治小儿诸疟。蛇蜕散方
蛇蜕（烧灰）
上一味研细，每服半钱或一钱匕，冷水调下。
又方
鹿角（镑一两）
上一味，粗捣筛。每服一钱匕，未发时，水半盏，煎至三分，去滓温服，更量大小加减。
Commentary states: Summer injury by summer-heat (Shu, 暑), autumn becomes malaria. Children's blood and qi are congested and abundant. Internally accompanied by excess heat, due to contracting summer-heat pathogen. It lodges between the skin and muscle layers.
By autumn, it is suppressed by wind-cold. Yang is excessive on the exterior, Yin grows within. Yin and Yang contend with each other, manifesting as malaria. Chills first, then fever, this is Cold Malaria (Han Nue, 寒疟). Fever first, then chills, this is Warm Malaria (Wen Nue, 温疟). Fever without chills, this is Dan Malaria (Dan Nue, 瘅疟). If sweating is excessive, leading to loss of Yang and thirst, one should regulate fluid intake. Drinking too much while urination is difficult will transform into Fluid Retention (Yin, 饮).
Treatment for pediatric malaria with irregular onset, often accompanied by thirst and mental restlessness: Wu Mei Tang (Mume Decoction)
Wumei Meat (stir-fried), Changshan (each half tael), Gancao (roasted, three qian).
The above three ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is one qianbi (a small spoonful), with one zhan of water, adding five leaves of Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf) and thirty grains of Xiaomai (Wheat). Simmer together until four parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm. Adjust dosage according to the child's age; time of administration is not restricted.
Treatment for pediatric Warm Malaria: Changshan Tang (Dichroa Decoction)
Changshan, Danyezhu (each one tael), Xiaomai (one he).
The above three ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Divide into four doses. Each dose uses two zhan of water, simmered until one zhan remains. Remove dregs and divide into three warm doses, consumed within one day. Continue until recovery, adjusting dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for various pediatric malaria: Daqing Tang (Qingdao Decoction)
Daqing, Biejia (vinegar-roasted, remove skirt), Chishao Yao (each half tael), Danggui (sliced and roasted), Yinchenshao, Mahuang (remove joints, boil to remove foam, then roast), Zhuling (remove black skin, each one fen).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water, simmered until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for pediatric malaria characterized by high fever, aversion to cold, and regular onset: Danggui Tang (Angelica Decoction)
Danggui (sliced and roasted), Chishao Yao, Biejia (vinegar-roasted, remove skirt), Chaihu (remove seedlings), Dahuang (cut and stir-fried), Gancao (roasted, each one fen), Taoren (remove skin and pointed ends, double-kernel ones stir-fried with bran, half tael).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged five or six, each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water. Simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for pediatric malaria: Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction)
Dahuang (cut and stir-fried), Changshan (each one fen), Gui (remove rough bark), Gancao (raw, each half tael).
The above four ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged three or four, each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water. Simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm before the onset of malaria. Vomiting or diarrhea indicates efficacy. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for pediatric malaria: Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction)
Shengma, Changshan, Shuqi, Dahuang (cut and stir-fried), Weirui, Huangqin (remove black heart), Gui (remove rough bark, each one fen), Mangxiao (one tael).
The above eight ingredients are coarsously crushed and sifted. For children aged five or six, each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water. Simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm at the time of onset. Vomiting or diarrhea indicates efficacy. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Treatment for pediatric malaria pi accumulation, excess syndrome with high fever, headache, and urge to vomit: Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction)
Gancao (roasted), Changshan (each one tael).
The above two ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For children aged three or four, each dose is half a qianbi, with half a zhan of water, adding ten pieces of Zhuye. Simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm. Adjust dosage according to the child's age. Stop once vomiting occurs.
Treatment for pediatric malaria with alternating chills and fever, abdominal distension, dysentery, vomiting, and yellow emaciation: Chaihu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction)
Chaihu (remove seedlings, one fen), Zhike (remove pith, stir-fried with bran, two pieces), Helile (large one, baked, use peel), Huangqin (remove black heart), Gancao (roasted and cut), Shaoyao, Zhimu (roasted, each half tael).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is one qianbi, with seven-tenths of a zhan of water. Simmer until four-tenths remain. Remove dregs and take warm.
Treatment for various pediatric malaria: Shetui San (Snake Slough Powder)
Shetui (burned to ash).
The above single ingredient is ground finely. Each dose is half a qianbi or one qianbi, taken mixed with cold water.
Another prescription:
Lujiao (sliced, one tael).
The above single ingredient is coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is one qianbi. Before onset, use half a zhan of water, simmer until three parts remain. Remove dregs and take warm. Adjust dosage according to size/age.