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Commentary states: The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) mentions that excessive fullness leads to the relaxation and transverse dispersion of sinews and vessels, resulting in hemorrhoids. There are many manifestations of hemorrhoidal diseases; here, only the aspect of overeating is highlighted because diet satisfies a primary human desire. By inferring from this point, other causes can be understood by analogy. Chao Yuanfang adopted this theory and discussed it comprehensively, stating that all types of hemorrhoids are caused by wind invasion, imprudent sexual activity, or intercourse while intoxicated and full. These factors disturb Qi and Blood, causing vessel blood to overflow and leak into the intestines, ultimately affecting the lower body. "Mu hemorrhoids" (Yang Hemorrhoids) refer to nodules resembling rat breasts growing at the anal margin, protruding outward, and occasionally discharging pus and blood. "Pin hemorrhoids" (Yin Hemorrhoids) refer to swelling at the anal margin with ulceration and bleeding. "Mai hemorrhoids" (Vessel Hemorrhoids) refer to ulcers at the anal margin characterized by itching followed by pain and bleeding. "Chang hemorrhoids" (Intestinal Hemorrhoids) refer to painful swollen nodules at the anal margin accompanied by chills, fever, and bleeding. "Xue hemorrhoids" (Blood Hemorrhoids) refer to bright red blood flowing out during defecation. Sun Simiao described "Qi hemorrhoids" (Gas Hemorrhoids), which flare up due to cold, heat, fatigue, or dampness, also caused by worry and overexertion. The *Jiyan Fang* (Collected Proven Prescriptions) describes "Jiu hemorrhoids" (Wine Hemorrhoids), which is actually an alias for Pin hemorrhoids. Regarding treatment methods and contraindications, Sun Simiao's discussion is the most detailed.

Commentary states: There are five names for hemorrhoids: first, Mu hemorrhoids; second, Pin hemorrhoids; third, Mai hemorrhoids; fourth, Chang hemorrhoids; fifth, Xue hemorrhoids. Although the symptoms vary slightly, they are generally caused by excessive eating and excessive sexual desire. Excessive eating damages the stomach and intestines, while excessive desire depletes Qi and Blood. Pathogenic toxins take advantage of this deficiency, flowing into the lower body, where they accumulate to form hemorrhoids.

**Nengxiao Wan (Elimination Pill)** for treating five types of hemorrhoids with swelling, pain, continuous bleeding, stagnation of Ying and Wei (Defensive and Nutritive Qi), body pain, and constipation due to wind:
*Ninglingxian* (Radix Clematidis, 10 liang, remove seedlings and soil), *Muxiang* (Aucklandiae Radix), *Fangfeng* (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 2 liang, remove cross-branches).
Crush and sieve the above three herbs into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills each time, washed down with *Jingjie* (Schizonepetae Herba) decoction, at any time.

**Huaishi Wan (Sophora Fruit Pill)** for treating five types of hemorrhoidal diseases:
*Huashi* (Fructus Sophorae, 1 liang), *Huangqin* (Scutellariae Radix, sliced), *Zhishi* (Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, remove pith, stir-fried with bran until yellow), *Guanzhong* (Cyatheae Rhizoma), *Baizhu* (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), *Roudoukou* (Myristicae Semen), *Fangfeng* (Saposhnikoviae Radix, remove cross-branches), *Jingjie* (Schizonepetae Spica, separately ground), *Muxiang* (Aucklandiae Radix).
Crush and sieve the above fifteen herbs into powder. Mix with wheat paste to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills before meals with rice water, and again in the evening.

**Disheng Zhike Wan (Pill Supporting the Sage with Aurantium)** for treating five types of intestinal wind diarrhea with blood and hemorrhoids:
*Zhike* (Fructus Aurantii, remove pith, stir-fried with bran), *Ninglingxian* (Radix Clematidis, remove seedlings and soil), *Chenju* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, remove white pith and bake), *Xuduan* (Dipsaci Radix, 2 liang each), *Shengdihuang* (Rehmanniae Radix, baked), *Lianqiao* (Forsythiae Fructus), *Huashi* (Fructus Sophorae, stir-fried), *Fuzi* (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by fire, remove skin and umbilicus), *Danggui* (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and baked), *Ganjiang* (Zingiberis Rhizoma, stir-fried), *Baijian* (Alumen, calcined), *Renshen* (Ginseng Radix), *Qianghuo* (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, 2 liang).
Crush and sieve the above fifteen herbs into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills on an empty stomach with warm aged rice water. Pain will resolve on the same day.

**Lisheng Wan (Pill Establishing the Sage)** for treating five types of hemorrhoids and intestinal wind bleeding:
*Zhike* (Fructus Aurantii, remove pith, stir-fried with bran, 2.5 liang), *Wubeizi* (Galla Chinensis, remove ash and soil), *Huangqin* (Scutellariae Radix, honey-roasted, sliced, and yellowed), *Huaihua* (Flos Sophorae), *Huaijiao* (Fructus Sophorae, 2 liang each), *Zhuchang* (Intestinum Porci, one piece, sliced with a bamboo knife), *Zaojia Zhen* (Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis, four spines, burned with charcoal until smoke ceases).
Crush and sieve the above thirteen herbs into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 to 100 pills on an empty stomach with warm wine.

**Rusheng San (Powder Like the Sage)** for treating various hemorrhoids:
*Bai Pi* (Cortex Broussonetiae, two pieces, burned), *Jiguanhua* (Coronillidis Flos, stir-fried), *Zaojia Zhen* (Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis, roasted, 2 liang each), *Gualou* (Trichosanthis Fructus, one piece, burned), *Hetao* (Juglandis Semen, ten pieces, burned), *Huashi* (Fructus Sophorae, 2 liang), *Baijian* (Alumen), *Lvjian* (Melanteritum, 2 liang).
Crush and sieve the above eleven herbs into powder. Take 2 qian bi each time, mixed with wine, or made into pills.

**Rusheng Wan (Pill Like the Sage)** for treating five types of hemorrhoidal diseases:
*Zhike* (Fructus Aurantii, remove pith, stir-fried with bran), *Ninglingxian* (Radix Clematidis, remove soil), *Chenju* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, remove white pith, 1 liang each), *Xuduan* (Dipsaci Radix, stir-fried), *Baijian* (Alumen, purified), *Danggui* (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and baked), *Huaijiazi* (Seed of Fructus Sophorae, half a liang each).
Crush and sieve the above eleven herbs into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 10 pills on an empty stomach before meals with aged millet water, twice daily. For chronic cases, increase the number of pills; for severe pain, relief occurs on the same day. This medicine cures long-standing ailments. For cases lasting over twenty years, take only ten doses; for new cases, stop after two or three doses to prevent recurrence.

**Heishen San (Black Divine Powder)** for treating intestinal wind hemorrhoidal disease:
*Qianghuo* (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, remove rhizome head), *Huangqin* (Scutellariae Radix, sliced), *Huangjing Shi* (Fructus Viticis Negundo), *Manjing Shi* (Fructus Viticis Tripterae), *Gouji* (Cibotii Rhizoma, fire-brushed to remove hair), *Zhike* (Fructus Aurantii, remove pith, stir-fried with bran), *Binglang* (Arecae Semen), *Gualou* (Trichosanthis Fructus, equal parts).
Except for *Gualou*, crush and sieve the above eight herbs into powder equally. Place the powder inside the *Gualou*. Seal in a clay pot or tile jar with salt mud. Fire until red hot. Cool and retrieve the powder. Prepare the following additional herbs:
*Jingjie Zi* (Semen Schizonepetae), *Bai Wuyi* (Chloranthi Spicati Rhizoma, equal parts to the previous powder), *Muxiang* (Aucklandiae Radix, half the amount of the previous powder).
Crush and sieve the above eleven herbs into powder. Take 1 qian bi on an empty stomach, mixed with tea and wine, three times daily.

**Gaochi Wan (Edict Pill)** for treating hemorrhoids:
*Lianqiao* (Forsythiae Fructus), *Fuzi* (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked by fire, remove skin and umbilicus), *Gui* (Cinnamomi Ramulus, remove rough bark), *Huaijiao* (Fructus Sophorae), *Baijian* (Alumen, purified and dry), *Duzhong* (Eucommiae Cortex, remove rough bark, slice, and stir-fry), *Zhike* (Fructus Aurantii, equal parts).
Crush and sieve the above ten herbs into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 10 pills on an empty stomach before meals with rice water, three times daily. This formula was named so because it was found after an edict and proved effective repeatedly.

**Pi Wan (Bark Pill)** for treating five types of hemorrhoids:
*Pi* (Cortex Broussonetiae, one piece, finely sliced and stir-fried until yellow), *Xuduan* (Dipsaci Radix), *Huaijiazi* (Seed of Fructus Sophorae), *Huangqin* (Scutellariae Radix, sliced), *Danggui* (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and baked), *Ganjiang* (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed), *Lianqiao* (Forsythiae Fructus, equal parts).
Crush and sieve the above ten herbs into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills on an empty stomach with foxtail millet wine. Increase to 30 pills if necessary. This is especially suitable for severe cases.

**Rushen Wan (Pill Like God)** for treating intestinal wind and five types of hemorrhoids:
*Wushe* (Natrix, soaked in wine, remove skin and bones, roast), *Dahuang* (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, wrapped in wet paper and baked), *Fangfeng* (Saposhnikoviae Radix, remove cross-branches, 2 liang each), *Huangqin* (Scutellariae Radix, sliced), *Zhike* (Fructus Aurantii, remove pith, stir-fried with bran), *Danggui* (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and baked), *Qianghuo* (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, 1.5 liang each).
Crush and sieve the above nine herbs into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills on an empty stomach with warm wine daily, and another dose before sleep. Bleeding and pain will stop on the same day.

**Sanxiang Wan (Three Fragrances Pill)** for treating five types of hemorrhoids:
*Ruxiang* (Olibanum, half a liang, ground), *Anshixiang* (Styrax), *Miduoseng* (Lithargyri Massica, ground, one fen each), *Badou* (Crotonis Fructus, seven grains, remove skin and oil), *Dansha* (Cinnabaris, ground), *Shexiang* (Moschus, ground).
Grind the above eight herbs finely and mix evenly. Use water to dissolve steamed bread dough to make pills the size of mung beans. Take one pill on an empty stomach with cold clear tea.

**Miduoseng Wan (Lithargyri Pill)** for treating all hemorrhoidal diseases with sallow complexion:
*Miduoseng* (Lithargyri Massica, burned red), *Baijian Hui* (Ash of Alumen, 1 liang each), *Huai Ziren* (Seed of Fructus Sophorae, lightly stir-fried), *Jiguanhua* (Coronillidis Flos), *Changmo* (Ink from cauldron, half a liang each), *Zaojia Hui* (Ash of Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis, half a liang).
Crush and sieve the above six herbs into powder. Mix with wheat paste to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with decoction of *Baiye* (Leaf of Morus alba).

**Pi San (Bark Powder)** for treating hemorrhoidal disease:
*Pi* (Cortex Broussonetiae, one piece), *Huangniujiao* (Cornu Bubali, one pair), *Lingli Jia* (Manis Squama, 2 liang), *Zhuya Zaojiao* (Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis, pork tooth type), *Yezhurou* (Sus Scrofa Domestica Carcass, 1 liang each), *Jiuruoye* (Old Leaf of Musa basjoo, appropriate amount).
Place the above six herbs in a new bottle, cover with a new tile, seal with paper mud, and fire until red hot. Cool and grind into fine powder. Add a small amount of *Shexiang* (Moschus). Take 2 qian bi each time, grinding one walnut kernel into two parts, taking one part, and mixing with the powder. Wash down with warm wine. For chronic cases, five to seven doses will cure. Take deeply at night before sleep.

**Shenyansan (Divine Verification Powder)** for treating hemorrhoidal disease:
*Danggui* (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, sliced and baked, 1 liang), *Baijian* (Alumen, 2 liang), *Sang'e* (Bombyx Batryticatus, 2 liang, yellow-purple variety), *Mu'er* (Auricularia Judae, 2 liang).
Crush and sieve the above four herbs into powder. Take 1 qian bi each time, mixed with millet porridge, on an empty stomach before meals.

**Yigong San (Extraordinary Merit Powder)** for treating five types of hemorrhoids, intestinal wind diarrhea with blood, internal and external hemorrhoids, rectal prolapse, and nipple-like flesh growths around the lower body:
*Huangniujiao* (Cornu Bubali, one piece, crushed), *Shetuipi* (Serpentis Shed Skin, one white piece), *Zhuya Zaojiao* (Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis, five spines, sliced), *Lingli Jia* (Manis Squama, half a liang).
Place the above four herbs in a porcelain bottle, seal tightly with yellow mud, and let dry. First burn with low fire until smoke appears, then high fire until red hot. Remove, cool, and grind into powder. Before sleep, grind one walnut kernel into four parts, take one part, and grind finely into paste. Mix with warm wine, swallow, and sleep. This draws out worms. At dawn (Wu geng), take 2 qian bi of the powder with warm wine. Take another dose at Chen hour. Even for long-standing cases, three doses will cure.

**Mugua Wan (Papaya Pill)** for treating hemorrhoids:
*Mugua* (Chaenomelis Fructus, 1 liang, sliced, dried, ground; reserve one-third for later use), *Binglang* (Arecae Semen, two pieces, ground), *Baijian* (Alumen, 1 liang, ground), *Tianxiao* (Natrii Sulfas, one fen).
Make a leavened dough wrapper with raw flour. Wrap the medicine evenly. Roast on fire until fragrant. Remove the dough. Pound the medicine 200 times. If dry, moisten with wheat paste. Make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills on an empty stomach with papaya decoction. Do not expose this medicine to fire again.

**Shengjin Wan (Victorious Gold Pill)** for treating hemorrhoidal disease:
*Cihuang* (Orpiment, half a liang, ground), *Baijian* (Alumen, 1 liang, ground), *Shexiang* (Moschus, one large qian, ground).
Grind the above three herbs thoroughly. Boil half a cup of strong vinegar in a silver or earthenware vessel over slow fire until reduced by half. Pour into a mortar and grind evenly. Return to the vessel and boil into a paste. Add a little *Shexiang* (Moschus) and grind. Add a little steamed bread center to make pills the size of mung beans. Take 10 pills at night with warm sour rice water. Also, take one pill, dissolve in hand with sour rice water, and apply to the hemorrhoid. Three-year cases will heal in three to five doses.

**Wuji Zi Gao (Black Chicken Egg Ointment)** for treating hemorrhoidal disease:
*Moyao* (Myrrha, half a liang, ground), *Shexiang* (Moschus, one qian, ground).
Take one black chicken egg, break the top slightly, and pour out the white. Put the yolk back into the shell. Add the herb powder and mix with the yolk. Seal the top with paper. Steam over rice until cooked. Divide into four doses. Chew finely and wash down with *Mendong* (Asparagi Radix) decoction before meals.

**Nengxiao Wan (Elimination Pill)** for treating hemorrhoids:
*Ninglingxian* (Radix Clematidis, clean, stir-fried with bran), *Chanke* (Cicadae Cuticle, clean, remove soil and feet, bake dry, 1 liang each).
Crush and sieve the above two herbs into powder. Mix with vinegar-wheat paste to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 to 30 pills with rice water.

**Baizhong San (Hundred Hits Powder)** for treating hemorrhoidal disease:
*Bixie* (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma, as needed).
Grind the above single herb into powder. Take 2 qian bi each time. Take 4 liang of lean mutton, slice into four pieces, sprinkle the powder, and wrap like a dumpling. Roast on charcoal fire until cooked. Chew finely and wash down with half a sheng of wine. Wait until abdominal pain feels like walking five to seven li, then go to the toilet. Pus, blood, and worms will be discharged. One dose is sufficient.

**Ju San (Tangerine Peel Powder)** for treating hemorrhoidal disease:
*Ju* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, as needed).
Place the herb in a porcelain bottle, line with several layers of paper, and press the mouth with a brick. Burn the peel in a charcoal stove until the smoke is gone but the nature remains. Immediately seal the bottle with paper and brick. Cool and grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian bi each time, mixed with *Shexiang* (Moschus) and warm wine, or aged rice water.

**Xiao Xianglian Wan (Small Musk Coptis Pill)** for treating five types of hemorrhoids:
*Huanglian* (Coptidis Rhizoma, stir-fried with bran until scorched yellow, as needed).
Grind the above single herb into powder. Mix with egg white to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Dry in shade. Take 15 pills when the rooster crows but its sound has not yet ceased, washed down with warm wine. Ten doses will be effective, preventing recurrence forever.

**Difuzi San (Kochia Seed Powder)** for treating hemorrhoidal disease:
*Difuzi* (Kochiae Fructus, as needed).
Dry on a new tile, grind into powder. Take 3 qian bi each time, mixed with aged millet water, three times daily.

**Lilu Tang (Veratrum Decoction) for Washing Hemorrhoids:**
*Lilu* (Veratri Rhizoma), *Fuzi* (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, sliced), *Mangcao* (Artemisiae Argyi Folium? Note: Text says Mangcao, likely Artemisia or similar), *Shechuangzi* (Cnidii Fructus), *Qianghuo* (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), *Duhuo* (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), *Danggui* (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), *Kushen* (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix), *Shaoyao* (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 1 liang each), *Shujiao* (Zanthoxyli Fructus, remove eyes).
Coarsely crush and sieve the above ten herbs. Use two handfuls per dose, place in a raw silk bag. Add one handful each of *Sangzhi* (Ramulus Mori), *Songzhi* (Ramulus Platycladi), and one piece of smashed *Shengjiang* (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). In a silver/earthenware vessel, add three bowls of water. Boil, remove dregs, and pour into a container. Steam while hot, then wash when warm.

**Qi Wu Tang (Seven Ingredients Decoction) for Fumigating Hemorrhoids:**
*Gan Xiamazha* (Dried Toad, one piece, chopped), *Zaojiao* (Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis, three spines, chopped), *Ai* (Artemisiae Argyi Folium, one handful), *Biejia* (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, two pieces, crushed), *Xionghuang* (Realgar, 1 liang), *Shexiang* (Moschus, small amount).
Coarsely crush and sieve the above seven herbs, mix well. Dig a pit in the ground. Place one jin of hot coals in the pit. Place a square brick with a hole in the center over the pit. Throw in one scoop of the powder. Sit on the brick covering the hole to fumigate.

**Shenmiao Tang (Divine Wonder Decoction) for Fumigating and Washing Hemorrhoids:**
*Bixie* (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma), *Gualou Gen* (Trichosanthis Radix), *Gancao* (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, sliced), *Wubeizi* (Galla Chinensis), *Chi* (Fermented Soybean), *Congbai* (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, sliced).
Equal parts, coarsely chop. Use 1-2 liang per dose. Add two bowls of water. Boil briefly. Pour into a basin. Sit over the basin to fumigate the hemorrhoids. Wash when temperature is tolerable.

**Moyao San (Myrrha Powder)** for Treating Five Types of Hemorrhoids and Disinfecting:
*Moyao* (Myrrha, 1 liang, ground), *Huangfan* (Yellow Alum?), *Baijian* (Alumen), *Niao Bai* (Urine Sediment?, fire-calcined, half a liang each), *Shexiang* (Moschus, one qian, ground).
Grind the above five herbs evenly. Before use, wash and wipe clean with scallion water. Apply the dry powder.

**Huarushi San (Flower Milk Stone Powder)** for Treating Five Types of Hemorrhoids:
*Huarushi* (Flower Milk Stone?, 1 liang, ground), *Ruxiang* (Olibanum, remove stones, ground), *Yeming Sha* (Pharosis Faeces, ground), *Danfan* (Chalcanthitum, ground), *Dilong* (Pheretima, remove soil, ground to fine powder).
Equal parts, grind evenly. Before use, wash and wipe clean with licorice decoction. Apply the dry powder to make the hemorrhoids dissipate.

**Huangbai San (Phellodendron Powder) for Applying to Hemorrhoids:**
*Huangbai* (Phellodendri Cortex), *Qiandan* (Minii Oxidum Rubrum), *Huanglian* (Coptidis Rhizoma), *Nifen* (Calomelas), *Baijian* (Alumen).
Equal parts, grind into powder. First wash with scallion decoction. Then apply 1 qian bi of the powder. Chronic cases will heal in no more than three applications.

**Yingtong San (Pain-Relieving Powder)** for Treating All Hemorrhoidal Diseases:
*Jingjisui* (Schizonepetae Spica), *Sangen Baipi* (Cortex Morae Radicis), *Diyu* (Sanguisorbae Radix, 1 liang each).
Grind into powder. Use 3 qian bi with one bowl of water. Smash two *Ju* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) and decoct together for three to five boils. Pour out. Fumigate the sore. It causes extreme pain. Wait until the sensation subsides, then wash. Continue taking the subsequent medicine.

**Zhisheng Wan (Supreme Sage Pill)** for Treating All Hemorrhoidal Diseases:
*Ju* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 100 pieces, remove core and pith, slice), *Zhike* (Fructus Aurantii, remove pith, slice, half a jin), *Huanglian* (Coptidis Rhizoma, remove whiskers, 5 liang).
Stir-fry with five sheng of bran in a silver/earthenware vessel over slow fire until the bran is black. Remove from fire to eliminate heat toxicity. Discard the bran. Grind the herbs into fine powder. Take 100 soap pods, remove the yellow pulp, and boil in one sheng of water in a silver/earthenware vessel until soft and pasty. Mix with the herb powder to make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills with warm rice water, three times daily without restriction.

**Wu Wu San (Five Ingredients Powder)** for Fumigating and Washing Various Hemorrhoids:
*Langdazi* (Semen Hyoscyami, 2 liang), *Baijian* (Alumen, 1 liang; half pure transparent used raw, half placed in iron vessel and slow-fired calcined), *Pengsha* (Borax), *Maya Xiao* (Natrii Sulfas Crystallisatus, equal parts).
Soak 5 qian bi of powder in one large bowl of boiling water. Fumigate and wash the painful hemorrhoid area. Use after meals and before sleep. Cover with clothing, exposing only the hemorrhoid. Avoid wind.

**Muxiang San (Aucklandia Powder)** for Applying to Various Hemorrhoids:
*Muxiang* (Aucklandiae Radix), *Binglang* (Arecae Semen, large ones sliced), *Huanglian* (Coptidis Rhizoma, one fen each), *Mangcao Ye* (Artemisiae Argyi Folium, half a liang).
Grind into powder. Use 5 qian bi with two bowls of water. Boil for two to three boils. After fumigation and washing, mix with warm water. Apply using paper flower patches.

**Simiao San (Four Wonders Powder)** for Applying to Lotus Hemorrhoids and Coronet Hemorrhoids:
*Baiji* (Bletillae Rhizoma), *Bailian* (Pseudostellariae Radix), *Mubiezi* (Momordicae Semen), *Sangpiaoxiao* (Ovi Mantidis, half a liang each).
Grind into powder. Grind *Ruxiang* (Olibanum) in hot water to adjust consistency. Spread on old cloth and apply. Remove with skin the next day. No scars will remain, which is excellent.

**Sixiang Tang (Six Fragrances Decoction)** for Treating Long-Standing Hemorrhoids in Men and Women, With or Without Sores:
*Shacaogen* (Cyperi Rhizoma, 1 liang), *Hei Gouji* (Cibotii Rhizoma, half a liang), *Gansong* (Nardostachys Radix et Rhizoma), *Huang Shuxiang* (Elemi Resina, high-quality fragrant ones, one fen each).
Coarsely crush and sieve. Use 5 qian bi with one bowl of water. Boil for five to seven boils. Pour into a deep basin. Have the patient sit over it. Cover with clothes/quilts to fumigate. Do not let air escape. When the urge to defecate arises, wash the affected area. Stop when the medicine is cool. Do not rub. Lie down covered for about an hour. If washed, warm the quilt with fire before sleep for better effect.

**Lvyun Tang (Green Cloud Decoction)** for Applying to Hemorrhoids After Washing:
*Juanbai* (Selaginellae Herba), *Chugen Baipi* (Cortex Bungeae Radicis), *Guanzhong* (Cyatheae Rhizoma), *Puxiao* (Natrii Sulfas), *Digupi* (Cortices Lycii Radicis, 1 liang each).
Coarsely crush and sieve. Use 15 qian bi with two stalks of scallion and five sheng of water. Boil down to four sheng. Remove dregs. Wash while hot.

**Erhuang San (Two Yellows Powder)** for Applying to Hemorrhoids:
*Huangbai* (Phellodendri Cortex, 1 liang), *Huang Shukui Hua* (Abutilonis Indici Flos, one fen), *Baiji* (Bletillae Rhizoma, 2 qian), *Sheng Dihuang* (Rehmanniae Radix, half a liang), *Qingdai* (Indigo Naturalis, two pieces).
Grind into powder. After washing, mix with *Puxiao* (Natrii Sulfas) water and apply.

**Koushan San (Toona Powder)** for Applying to Hemorrhoids:
*Koushan Zi* (Toonae Fructus, 20 pieces), *Baijian* (Alumen, 1 liang).
Stir-fry until scorched into powder. Mix with *Shexiang* (Moschus). Apply before sleep. Eat a meal of tender pork fat on an empty stomach. Permanent cure.

**Xun Zhi Wan (Fumigating Hemorrhoid Pill):**
*Bai Shan Yu Gu* (Bone of White Eel), *Jiu Zi* (Allii Tuberosi Semen, equal parts).
Grind into powder. Mix with wheat paste to make pills the size of a bullet. Burn to fumigate.

**Tuofen Xun (Camel Dung Fumigation)** for Treating Hemorrhoids:
*Tuo Fen* (Cameli Stercus, as needed).
Dry in shade, never exposed to sun. Smolder over slow fire to produce smoke for fumigation. When itching is severe, wash with the subsequent formula.

**Lin Xie Fang (Washing Formula)** for Treating Hemorrhoids:
*E Shi* (Arctii Fructus, also known as Niu Bang Zi, as needed).
Remove floating impurities. Use 1 liang per dose. Boil in two bowls of water strongly. Fumigate while hot. Wash when temperature is tolerable.

**Ju San (Tangerine Peel Powder)** for Treating Hemorrhoids:
*Ju* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), *Zaojia Zi* (Spina Gleditsiae Sinensis Seed, as needed).
For every smelly tangerine peel, punch seven holes. Place one soap pod seed in each hole. Store in a sealed bottle. Burn until carbonized. Bury in soil overnight to remove fire toxicity. Grind finely. Add a little *Shexiang* (Moschus). Take 1 qian bi before meals with rice water.

**Gouqi San (Goji Powder)** for Treating Hemorrhoids:
*Gouqi Gen* (Lycii Radix), *Dilong* (Pheretima, ground).
Use fresh *Gouqi Gen* (Lycii Radix). Scrape off the reddish outer skin. Take only the second thin white layer. Dry in sun. Grind into powder. For every 1 liang of powder, add 1 qian of *Dilong* (Pheretima) powder. Mix evenly. Wash the affected area with hot juice first. Apply the dry powder. Can be used three times daily.

**Shenbai San (Divine White Powder)** for Treating Hemorrhoids with Swelling in the Lower Body, Size of a Plum, Hard and Painful, Unable to Walk:
*Xaban* (Pinelliae Rhizoma, from Qizhou region).
Take one piece per dose. Grind extremely fine. Add a small amount of *Longnao* (Borneolum Syntheticum). Grind together. Mix with saliva on the palm to adjust consistency. Spread on soft paper and apply. It becomes cold as ice. Clear fluid will appear, and swelling will gradually subside. If not fully healed, reapply. Removing the root cause is best.

**Xun Fu Li Xiao San (Instant Effect Powder for Fumigation and Application)** for Treating Hemorrhoids:
*Qianglang* (Scarabaeus Sphincter, seven pieces, those caught flying at night are best).