论曰肝虚眼，其证不一，巢氏析之，有忽然发肿者、有泪出不止者、有睛生翳晕者、
有
也
泪
治肝肾久虚，积热风毒，攻注两眼内恶翳遮睛，睑赤痒痛，风泪隐涩难开。圣饼子方
川芎（四两） 香附子（三两） 本茸 甘草（炙） 小椒（出汗各二两去目） 苍术（一斤
米泔浸切炒干末） 薄荷叶（四钱） 蝉壳（一两） 蛇蜕皮（一两）
上九味。捣筛为散，炼蜜和匀，杵一千下，丸如弹子，捻作饼，每服一饼，芝麻一捻，
同细嚼茶酒送下，一日三服，一月必效。
治肝虚风毒瓦斯，眼目昏多泪涩痛。菊花散方
菊花（半两） 牛蒡子（半两炒） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉）
上三味。捣罗为末，每服二钱匕，温水调下。
治肝肾久虚，眼目昏暗。五倍丸方
紫巴戟（去心一两） 枸杞子（二两） 菊花（三两） 旋复花（四两） 蕤仁（五两
汤浸去皮
别研细）
上五味。捣研为末，用陈粟米粥和丸，如梧桐子大，临卧好茶下二十丸，冷泪多，赤目
翳膜昏暗，可一两服效，气晕不睹物，可半剂。
治肝虚眼昏涩，泪出翳生，或散或聚，初时即轻。青葙子丸方
青葙子（二两） 车前子 细辛（去苗叶） 生干地黄（焙） 泽泻 菟丝子（酒浸别
捣各一两
半） 防风（去叉） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 茺蔚子 五味子 人参（各一两）
上一十一味。捣罗为末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大，每服空心茶汤下十五丸，加至二十丸
治积热不散，目赤肿痛，或生障翳。泻肝汤方
柴胡（去苗） 芍药 决明子（微炒） 青葙子 桂（去粗皮） 升麻（各二两） 栀
子仁（一
两）
上七味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入竹叶七片，煎取七分，去滓入芒硝半钱匕
，放温食后服，取利为度。
治肝气不足，两胁拘急痛，寒热目不明。甘草汤方
甘草（炙锉） 防风（去叉各一两） 乌豆（一合） 桂（去粗皮） 细辛（去苗叶各
半两） 柏
子仁 白茯苓（去黑皮各二两） 蕤仁（去皮一两烂研）
上八味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，枣二枚劈破，同煎至七分，去滓食后临卧服
治肝虚风眼睛疼，风眩目如欲脱，视物不得，眉间疼重。前胡汤方
前胡（去芦头） 防风（去叉） 决明子（炒） 黄连（去须） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 细
辛（去苗
叶） 车前子 升麻（各一两） 苦参（二两） 菊花（三分）
上一十味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓食后临卧服。
治肝虚受风，筋脉拘急，手足 痹，目视不明。五加皮汤方
五加皮（锉） 玄参 独活（去芦头） 桑根白皮（锉各一两） 茯神（去木） 麦门
冬（去心
焙各二两）
上六味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓投荆沥半合，再煎三两沸，
空心晚食前温服。
治肝虚中风，头痛目眩昏暗，胸中客热，心烦闷。升麻汤方
升麻 羚羊角（镑） 葛根（锉） 前胡（去芦头） 酸枣仁 地骨皮（各一两）
上六味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至七分，去滓入竹沥半合，食后临卧温服
治肝虚寒，眼目昏暗，胁下痛胀满气急。槟榔汤方
槟榔（锉生用） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白） 桔梗（各一两） 白茯苓（去黑皮一两半） 附
子（炮
裂去皮脐） 吴茱萸（汤洗焙干炒） 桂（去粗皮各半两） 白术（二两）
上八味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入生姜一枣大拍碎，煎至八分，去滓温服，
不拘时候，若气喘急，加半夏半两，姜汤洗去滑，芎 甘草各一两。
治肾虚眼目昏暗，及风毒上冲，脑脂流下，变为内障。摩顶膏方
生麻油（二大升） 酥（三两） 莲子草汁（一大升七八月采） 淡竹叶（一握） 长
石（别研
一两半一名理石） 槐子（一两一分） 曾青（研一两） 盐花（三两） 栀子叶 朴硝（碎）
葳
蕤大青 吴蓝（各一两半）
上一十三味。除油酥外细锉，以浓绵裹，先下油并酥在铛内煎，后下绵裹药，并莲子草
汁，文火养经三日，渐加火急煎，以莲子汁尽为度，膏成绞去滓，用瓷瓶盛，每夜卧时，取
半匙许涂顶上，渐渐不住手摩，令消散入发内，觉脑中清凉为度，轻者不过五六度瘥，重者
半剂即愈。
治肝虚视物漠漠，不能远见，睛轮昏暗涩痛，翳晕时聚时散，补肝元。柏子仁丸方
柏子仁（研） 薏苡仁 乌麻仁 车前子 枸杞子 庵 子 菟丝子（酒浸别捣末各一
两）
牡荆子 青葙子 五味子 蛇床子 桂（去粗皮） 菊花 山芋（各半两） 熟干地黄（焙）
肉苁蓉（酒浸切焙） 白茯苓（去黑皮各一两）
上一十七味。捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，空心温酒下。
治肝虚血弱，目久昏暗。石决明丸方
石决明 菟丝子（酒浸一宿别捣末） 五味子（各一两） 熟干地黄（焙） 细辛（去
苗叶）
知母（焙） 山芋（各一两半）
上七味。捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服三十丸，空心米饮下。
治肝虚泪出不止，翳晕侵睛，视物不远，或睛昏浊，黑白不明。干地黄丸方
熟干地黄（焙） 五味子 菟丝子（酒浸一宿别捣） 蕤仁（去皮研） 车前子（各一
两） 细
辛（去苗叶） 甘草（炙锉） 防风（去叉） 白茯苓（去黑皮） 柏子仁（研各半两）
上一十味。捣研为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，空心温酒下。
治肝脏虚血弱，不能上助目力，视物昏暗。还睛丸方
茺蔚子 防风 人参 细辛 决明子 车前子 芎 （各一两）
上七味。捣罗为末，炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大，空心茶下十丸。
治肝脏风虚，时多冷泪，眼目昏暗。龙脑青葙子丸方
龙脑（半两细研） 青葙子（一两） 人参（一两去芦头） 车前子（一两） 牛黄（半
两细研）
白茯苓（一两） 旋覆花（三分） 芎 （一两） 羌活（一两） 细辛（一两） 天麻
（一两）
麝
青（半两
烧
上十六味。捣罗为末，入研了药，都拌令匀，炼蜜和捣三二百杵，丸如梧桐子大，每于
食后，煎羌活汤嚼下十丸。
Discussion: Ocular diseases caused by Liver deficiency present with various symptoms. Chao Yuanfang analyzed them, including cases of sudden eyelid swelling, continuous tearing, and the formation of corneal opacities (pterygium/cataract) on the pupil... (The original text contains a gap or formatting error here; based on the character "tears" below, it likely refers to cold or hot tears, but following the original text strictly retains only existing information).
Treatment for long-term deficiency of the Liver and Kidney, where accumulated heat and wind-toxin attack both eyes internally, causing malignant opacities obscuring the pupil, redness, itching, and pain in the eyelids, along with wind-induced tearing and a sensation of obstruction making it difficult to open the eyes. Shengbing Zi Formula:
Ligusticum Wallichii Rhizome (Chuanxiong) (4 liang), Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfuzi) (3 liang), Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (Gaoben Rong), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (roasted), Zanthoxyli Pericarpium (Xiao Jiao) (remove seeds, 2 liang each), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Cangzhu) (1 jin, soaked in rice water, sliced, roasted dry and powdered), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe Ye) (4 qian), Cicadae Periostracum (Chan Qiao) (1 liang), Serpentis Shed Skin (She Tui Pi) (1 liang).
The above nine ingredients are crushed, sifted into a powder, mixed evenly with refined honey, pounded one thousand times, formed into pills the size of a bullet, and then flattened into cakes. Each dose consists of one cake, chewed finely with a pinch of sesame seeds, and taken with tea or wine. Taken three times a day, efficacy is expected within one month.
Treatment for Liver deficiency with wind-toxin invasion, resulting in blurred vision, excessive tearing, and obstructive pain in the eyes. Juhua San Formula:
Chrysanthemi Flos (Juhua) (0.5 liang), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi) (0.5 liang, fried), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (0.5 liang, roasted until slightly red and chopped).
The above three ingredients are crushed and sifted into a fine powder. Each dose is two qian bi (approx. 6-9 grams), taken with warm water.
Treatment for long-term deficiency of the Liver and Kidney causing blurred vision. Wubei Wan Formula:
Morinda Officinalis Root (Zi Baji) (remove heart, 1 liang), Lycii Fructus (Gouqizi) (2 liang), Chrysanthemi Flos (Juhua) (3 liang), Inulae Flos (Xuanjufhua) (4 liang), Pruni Semen (Ruirena) (5 liang, soaked in water, skin removed, separately ground fine).
The above five ingredients are crushed and ground into powder. Mixed with old millet porridge to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take twenty pills with good tea before bed. For excessive cold tears, red eyes, opacities, and blurriness, one to two doses may be effective. For dizziness and inability to see objects, half a dose is sufficient.
Treatment for Liver deficiency causing ocular dryness and blurriness, tearing, and opacity formation which disperses and gathers intermittently, initially mild. Qingxiangzi Wan Formula:
Celosiae Semen (Qingxiangzi) (2 liang), Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) (remove seedlings and leaves), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Sheng Gan Dihuang - note: usually Shu Gan Dihuang is used for tonification, but text says Sheng), Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie), Cuscutae Semen (Tusizi) (soaked in wine, separately pounded, 1.5 liang each), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) (remove forked roots), Poria Cocos (Chifuling) (remove black skin), Leonuri Fructus (Chongweizi), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) (1 liang each).
The above eleven ingredients are crushed and sifted into powder. Mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take fifteen pills on an empty stomach with tea water, increasing to twenty pills if necessary.
Treatment for persistent accumulated heat causing redness, swelling, and pain in the eyes, or the formation of cataracts/xanthomas. Xiegan Tang Formula:
Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu) (remove seedlings), Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao), Cassiae Semen (Juemingzi) (lightly fried), Celosiae Semen (Qingxiangzi), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Gui) (remove coarse bark), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma) (2 liang each), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi Ren) (1 liang).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is five qian bi, boiled with one and a half cups of water and seven slices of bamboo leaves until reduced to seventy percent. Strain, add Natrii Sulfas (Mangxiao) half a qian bi, let cool to warm temperature, and take after meals. Stop when bowel movement is achieved.
Treatment for insufficient Liver Qi causing tightness and pain in the hypochondrium, alternating chills and fever, and blurred vision. Gancao Tang Formula:
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (roasted and chopped), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) (remove forked roots, 1 liang each), Phaseoli Vulgaris Seed (Wudou) (1 he), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Gui) (remove coarse bark), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) (remove seedlings and leaves, 0.5 liang each), Platycladi Semen (Baiziren), Poria Cocos (Baifuling) (remove black skin, 2 liang each), Pruni Semen (Ruirena) (remove skin, 1 liang, mashed).
The above eight ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is five qian bi, boiled with one and a half cups of water and two split jujubes until reduced to seventy percent. Strain and take after meals and before bed.
Treatment for Liver deficiency with wind invasion causing eye pain, wind-dizziness making the eyes feel as if they will fall out, visual impairment, and heavy pain in the glabella. Qianhu Tang Formula:
Peucedani Radix (Qianhu) (remove rhizome head), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) (remove forked roots), Cassiae Semen (Juemingzi) (fried), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) (remove roots), Aurantii Fructus (Zhiqiao) (remove pulp, stir-fried with bran), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) (remove seedlings and leaves), Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma) (1 liang each), Sophorae Flavescentis Radix (Kushen) (2 liang), Chrysanthemi Flos (Juhua) (3 fen).
The above ten ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is five qian bi, boiled with one and a half cups of water until reduced to eighty percent. Strain and take after meals and before bed.
Treatment for Liver deficiency with wind invasion causing tendon and vessel spasms, numbness and bi-syndrome in hands and feet, and blurred vision. Wujia Pi Tang Formula:
Acanthopanacis Cortex (Wujia Pi) (chopped), Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo) (remove rhizome head), Mori Cortex (Sanggenbaidi) (chopped, 1 liang each), Poria Cocos cum Risu (Fushen) (remove wood), Ophiopogonis Tuber (Mendong) (remove heart, roast, 2 liang each).
The above six ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is five qian bi, boiled with one and a half cups of water until reduced to eighty percent. Strain, add half a he of Jingli (juice from fresh Miscanthus sinensis), boil for two or three boils, and take warm on an empty stomach and before evening meal.
Treatment for Liver deficiency with wind-stroke causing headache, vertigo, blurriness, guest-heat in the chest, and irritability. Shengma Tang Formula:
Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), Saiga Tataricae Cornu (Lingyangjiao) (sliced), Puerariae Radix (Gegen) (chopped), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu) (remove rhizome head), Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (Suanzaoren), Lycii Cortex (Digupi) (1 liang each).
The above six ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is five qian bi, boiled with one and a half cups of water until reduced to seventy percent. Strain, add half a he of Zhuli (bamboo juice), and take warm after meals and before bed.
Treatment for Liver deficiency-cold causing blurred vision, hypochondriac pain and fullness, and shortness of breath. Binglang Tang Formula:
Arecae Semen (Binglang) (chopped, raw use), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) (soaked in water, remove white pith), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng) (1 liang each), Poria Cocos (Baifuling) (remove black skin, 1.5 liang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) (roasted until cracked, remove skin and navel), Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu) (washed in water, dried, roasted), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Gui) (remove coarse bark, 0.5 liang each), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) (2 liang).
The above eight ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose is five qian bi, boiled with one and a half cups of water and a piece of ginger the size of a jujube (smashed) until reduced to eighty percent. Strain and take warm, at any time. If there is rapid breathing, add Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia) half a liang (washed in ginger water to remove slipperiness), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong) and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) one liang each.
Treatment for Kidney deficiency causing blurred vision, and wind-toxin rushing upward, with brain fluid flowing down, transforming into internal cataracts. Moding Gao Formula:
Sesami Oleum (Sheng Mayou) (two large sheng), Butter/Suet (Su) (3 liang), Portulaca Juice (Lianzicao Zhi) (one large sheng, harvested in July-August), Lophatheri Herba (Dan Zhuye) (one handful), Calcitrum (Changshi) (separately ground, 1.5 liang, also known as Lizhi), Sophorae Japonicae Fructus (Huai Zi) (1.1 liang), Azurite (Zengqing) (ground, 1 liang), Salt Flower (Yanhua) (3 liang), Gardeniae Folium (Zhizi Ye), Natrii Sulfas (Puxiao) (crushed), Polygonati Rhizoma (Weirui), Isatidis Radix (Daqing), Isatidis Folium (Wulan) (1.5 liang each).
The above thirteen ingredients, excluding oil and butter, are finely chopped. Wrapped in thick cotton. First, melt the oil and butter in a pan. Then add the cotton-wrapped herbs and Portulaca juice. Simmer over low heat for three days, gradually increasing the fire to rapid boiling until the Portulaca juice is completely evaporated. Strain the paste, store in a porcelain jar. Every night before sleep, take about half a spoonful, apply to the top of the head, and massage continuously until it dissipates into the hair. The treatment is complete when a cooling sensation is felt in the brain. Mild cases heal within five or six applications; severe cases heal with half the dosage/frequency.
Treatment for Liver deficiency causing blurry vision, inability to see far, dark and painful limbus, and intermittent opacities, to tonify the Liver origin. Baiziren Wan Formula:
Platycladi Semen (Baiziren) (ground), Coicis Semen (Yiyiren), Sesami Indici Semen (Wuma Ren), Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi), Lycii Fructus (Gouqizi), Ajugae Fructus (Anlu Zi), Cuscutae Semen (Tusizi) (soaked in wine, separately pounded to powder, 1 liang each), Viticis Fructus (Mujingzi), Celosiae Semen (Qingxiangzi), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi), Cnidii Fructus (Shechuangzi), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Gui) (remove coarse bark), Chrysanthemi Flos (Juhua), Dioscoreae Rhizoma (Shanyu) (0.5 liang each), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shu Gan Dihuang) (roast), Cynomorii Herba (Roucongrou) (soaked in wine, sliced, roast), Poria Cocos (Baifuling) (remove black skin, 1 liang each).
The above seventeen ingredients are crushed and sifted into powder. Mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take twenty pills on an empty stomach with warm wine.
Treatment for Liver deficiency and weak blood causing long-term blurred vision. Shi Jueming Wan Formula:
Concha Arcae (Shi Jueming), Cuscutae Semen (Tusizi) (soaked in wine overnight, separately pounded to powder), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi) (1 liang each), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shu Gan Dihuang) (roast), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) (remove seedlings and leaves), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu) (roast), Dioscoreae Rhizoma (Shanyu) (1.5 liang each).
The above seven ingredients are crushed and sifted into powder. Mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take thirty pills on an empty stomach with rice drink.
Treatment for Liver deficiency causing continuous tearing, opacities invading the pupil, nearsightedness, or cloudy eyes with indistinct black and white parts. Gan Dihuang Wan Formula:
Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shu Gan Dihuang) (roast), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi), Cuscutae Semen (Tusizi) (soaked in wine overnight, separately pounded), Pruni Semen (Ruirena) (remove skin, grind), Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi) (1 liang each), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) (remove seedlings and leaves), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (roasted and chopped), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) (remove forked roots), Poria Cocos (Baifuling) (remove black skin), Platycladi Semen (Baiziren) (ground, 0.5 liang each).
The above ten ingredients are crushed and ground into powder. Mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take twenty pills on an empty stomach with warm wine.
Treatment for Liver deficiency and weak blood failing to nourish the eyes, causing blurred vision. Huanjing Wan Formula:
Leonuri Fructus (Chongweizi), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin), Cassiae Semen (Juemingzi), Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong) (1 liang each).
The above seven ingredients are crushed and sifted into powder. Formed into pills with refined honey, the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take ten pills on an empty stomach with tea.
Treatment for Liver wind-deficiency causing frequent cold tears and blurred vision. Longnao Qingxiangzi Wan Formula:
Borneolum Syntheticum (Longnao) (0.5 liang, finely ground), Celosiae Semen (Qingxiangzi) (1 liang), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) (1 liang, remove rhizome head), Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi) (1 liang), Bovis Calculus (Niuhuang) (0.5 liang, finely ground), Poria Cocos (Baifuling) (1 liang), Inulae Flos (Xuanjufhua) (3 fen), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong) (1 liang), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo) (1 liang), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) (1 liang), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma) (1 liang), Moschus (Shexiang) (0.5 liang, burnt [Note: Original text likely erroneous, musk is typically not burnt]).
The above sixteen ingredients are crushed and sifted into powder. Add the already ground medicines, mix thoroughly, knead with refined honey for three to two hundred strikes, and form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. After meals, chew ten pills with a decoction of Qianghuo.