石斛（去根） 白术（锉炒各三两） 紫石英（研二两） 覆盆子（十两） 五味子（七两）
上九味，捣研为散。每服三钱匕，温酒调下，食前服，气寒者、去寄生，用细辛去苗叶
四两。
论曰足少阴肾之经，其气实为有余，则舌燥咽肿，上气嗌干，咳喘汗出，腰背强急，体
重内热，小便黄赤，腰脊引痛，足胫肿满。此由足少阴经实，或为邪湿所加，故有是证，治
宜泻之。
治肾脏实热，心胸烦满，腹胁胀急，腰重不利。地黄汤方
生干地黄（焙一两半） 麦门冬（去心焙） 羚羊角（镑） 槟榔（锉） 牛膝（切焙）
黄芩（
去黑心） 甘草（炙锉） 丹参 枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 赤茯苓（去黑皮各一两）
上一十味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓不拘时候温服。
治肾脏实热，小腹 胀，足下热痛，耳聋胯离解，梦伏水中。泻肾大黄汤方。
大黄（二两锉蜜水半盏浸一宿焙） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 黄芩（去黑皮） 泽泻 菖蒲 甘
草
（锉） 玄参 五加皮（锉） 羚羊角（镑各一两） 磁石（火 醋淬三七遍） 生干地黄
（切焙各
二两）
上一十一味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓不拘时候温服。
治肾脏实热，传入膀胱，小便黄赤。结涩不通。泽泻汤方
泽泻（锉） 葵根（锉） 木通（锉） 车前子 井泉石（碎） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 甘
草（炙锉
各一两）
上七味，粗捣筛，每服二钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，不拘时候，去滓温服，以小便利为
度。
治肾脏实热。多怒好忘，肢体烦满，腰腹急重。羚羊角汤方
羚羊角（镑） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 升麻 槟榔（锉） 泽泻（锉） 甘草（炙锉） 芍
药木通
（锉） 黄芩（去黑心） 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁炒各一两）
上一十味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏。入淡竹叶十四片，同煎至七分，去滓温服，
不拘时候。
治肾实热，少腹胀满、气急。耳聋多梦，腰脊离解，及梦伏水中。泻肾汤方
芒硝（研） 大黄（锉） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 黄芩（去黑心各二两） 生干地黄（焙）
菖蒲（
各三两） 磁石（火 醋淬二七遍五两） 玄参 细辛（去苗叶各一两半） 甘草（炙锉一
两）
上一十味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓温服，微利为度。
治肾脏实热，多怒善忘。耳听不聪，四肢满急，腰背强直。大泽泻汤方
泽泻（锉） 柴胡（去苗） 茯神（去木） 黄芩（去黑心） 升麻 芒硝（研） 杏
仁（汤浸去
皮尖双仁炒各三两）磁石（碎四两） 羚羊角（镑一两） 生干地黄（焙五两） 大青 淡
竹叶（切
合二两）
上一十二味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水二盏。煎至一盏，去滓温服，不拘时候。
治肾脏实热。小便赤黄，结涩不利痛楚。榆白皮饮方
榆白皮（锉半升） 滑石（碎四两） 黄芩（去黑心） 木通（锉） 瞿麦（各三两） 石
苇（去
毛二两） 冬葵子（半升） 车前草（锉一升）
上八味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓温服，不拘时候。
治肾脏实热。腰胯强急。面色焦黑，小便赤涩，心胸满闷。两胁胀满。茯苓汤方
赤茯苓（去黑皮） 当归（切焙） 牛膝（酒浸切焙） 羌活（去芦头） 枳壳（去瓤
麸炒） 荆
芥穗 槟榔（锉各一分） 木香（三铢）
上八味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至八分，空心去滓温服。
治肾气盛实，腰脚不能屈伸。导气丸方
槟榔（生锉） 牵牛子（炒各半两） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 半夏（汤洗七遍焙各一两）
上四味，捣罗为末，生姜自然汁和丸。如梧桐子大。每服三十丸，温酒下，食后日三。
治肾脏壅盛上攻。头目胸膈咽嗌痰实不利。仙灵脾丸方
仙灵脾 威灵仙（去土） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 茯神（去木） 天麻 蔓荆实 香白芷 山
栀
子仁 大黄（锉炒） 益智（去皮各一两） 乌头（炮裂去皮脐四枚） 麝香（研半两）
上一十二味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和捣千下。丸如梧桐子大，空心温酒下三丸至五丸。
Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu, 石斛) [removed roots] Atractylodis Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) [chopped and stir-fried, each 3 liang] Psilomelani Lapis (Zi Shiying, 紫石英) [crushed, 2 liang] Rubi Fructus (Fupenzi, 覆盆子) [10 liang] Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子) [7 liang]
The above nine medicinal materials are crushed, ground into powder to make a sanji (powder). Each dose is 3 qianbi, taken with warm wine before meals. For those with Qi coldness, remove Taxilli (Jisheng, 寄生) and use Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛) [removed seedlings and leaves], 4 liang.
Discussion: The Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, when its Qi is excess and redundant, presents with dry tongue and swollen throat, upward rushing Qi with dry pharynx, coughing, wheezing, and sweating, stiffness and tension in the lower back and body, heaviness and internal heat, yellow-red urine, pulling pain in the waist and spine, and swelling and fullness in the calves. This arises from excess in the Foot-Shaoyin Meridian, or invasion by pathogenic dampness, thus presenting these syndromes; treatment should employ purgation.
Treating Kidney Excess-Heat, with vexation and fullness in the chest and heart, abdominal and hypochondriac distension and urgency, heavy waist with limited mobility. Dihuang Tang (Rehmannia Decoction) Formula:
Raw Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Sheng Gan Dihuang, 生干地黄) [roasted, 1.5 liang] Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦门冬) [heart removed, roasted] Antelopis Cornu (Lingyangjiao, 羚羊角) [sliced thin] Arecae Semen (Binglang, 槟榔) [chopped] Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix (Niuxi, 牛膝) [sliced and roasted]
Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) [removed black heart] Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [roasted and chopped] Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (Danshen, 丹参) Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳) [pulp removed, bran-roasted] Poria Cocos (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [removed black skin, each 1 liang]
The above ten medicinal materials are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose is 3 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water until reduced to 0.7 zhan, dregs removed, taken warm at any time.
Treating Kidney Excess-Heat, with lower abdominal distension and pain, heat and pain under the feet, deafness, sensation of hip joint separation, and dreams of lying in water. Xieshen Dahuang Tang (Purgative Kidney Rhubarb Decoction) Formula:
Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) [2 liang, chopped, soaked overnight in half zhan honey-water then roasted] Poria Cocos (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [removed black skin] Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) [removed black skin] Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻) Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Changpu, 菖蒲) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [chopped] Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen, 玄参) Acanthopanacis Cortex (Wujia Pi, 五加皮) [chopped] Antelopis Cornu (Lingyangjiao, 羚羊角) [sliced thin, each 1 liang] Magnetitum (Cishi, 磁石) [calcined in vinegar, seven times three repetitions] Raw Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Sheng Gan Dihuang, 生干地黄) [sliced and roasted, each 2 liang]
The above eleven medicinal materials are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose is 3 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water until reduced to 0.7 zhan, dregs removed, taken warm at any time.
Treating Kidney Excess-Heat transmitting to the Bladder, with yellow-red urine. Coagulation,涩滞 (obstruction), and inability to urinate. Zexie Tang (Alisma Decoction) Formula:
Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻) [chopped] Malvae Root (Kuigen, 葵根) [chopped] Tetrapanacis Medulla (Mutong, 木通) [chopped] Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi, 车前子] Well Spring Stone (Jingquanshi, 井泉石) [crushed] Poria Cocos (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [removed black skin] Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [roasted and chopped, each 1 liang]
The above seven medicinal materials are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose is 2 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water until reduced to 0.7 zhan, dregs removed, taken warm at any time, stopping when urination becomes smooth.
Treating Kidney Excess-Heat. Irritability and forgetfulness, limb vexation and fullness, urgent and heavy waist and abdomen. Lingyangjiao Tang (Antelope Horn Decoction) Formula:
Antelopis Cornu (Lingyangjiao, 羚羊角) [sliced thin] Poria Cocos (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [removed black skin] Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻) Arecae Semen (Binglang, 槟榔) [chopped] Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻) [chopped] Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [roasted and chopped] Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao, 芍药) Tetrapanacis Medulla (Mutong, 木通) [chopped] Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) [removed black heart] Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) [soaked in water, skin and tip removed, double kernel, roasted, each 1 liang]
The above ten medicinal materials are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose is 3 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water. Add fourteen slices of Lophatheri Herba (Dan Zhuye, 淡竹叶), decoct together until reduced to 0.7 zhan, dregs removed, taken warm at any time.
Treating Kidney Excess-Heat, lower abdominal distension and fullness, rapid breathing. Deafness, frequent dreams, sensation of waist and spine separation, and dreams of lying in water. Xieshen Tang (Purgative Kidney Decoction) Formula:
Natrii Sulfas (Mangxiao, 芒硝) [crushed] Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) [chopped] Poria Cocos (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [removed black skin] Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) [removed black heart, each 2 liang] Raw Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Sheng Gan Dihuang, 生干地黄) [roasted] Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Changpu, 菖蒲) [each 3 liang] Magnetitum (Cishi, 磁石) [calcined in vinegar, two sets of seven repetitions, 5 liang] Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen, 玄参) Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛) [removed seedlings and leaves, each 1.5 liang] Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [roasted and chopped, 1 liang]
The above ten medicinal materials are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose is 3 qianbi, decocted with 1.5 zhan of water until reduced to 1 zhan, dregs removed, taken warm, stopping when mild diarrhea occurs.
Treating Kidney Excess-Heat. Irritability and forgetfulness. Poor hearing, fullness and urgency in four limbs, stiff and straight waist and back. Dazexie Tang (Great Alisma Decoction) Formula:
Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻) [chopped] Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡) [seedlings removed] Poria Cum Radix (Fushen, 茯神) [wood removed] Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) [removed black heart] Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻) Natrii Sulfas (Mangxiao, 芒硝) [crushed] Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) [soaked in water, skin and tip removed, double kernel, roasted, each 3 liang] Magnetitum (Cishi, 磁石) [crushed, 4 liang] Antelopis Cornu (Lingyangjiao, 羚羊角) [sliced thin, 1 liang] Raw Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Sheng Gan Dihuang, 生干地黄) [roasted, 5 liang] Isatidis Folium (Daqing, 大青) Lophatheri Herba (Dan Zhuye, 淡竹叶) [cut, combined 2 liang]
The above twelve medicinal materials are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose is 5 qianbi, decocted with two zhan of water until reduced to 1 zhan, dregs removed, taken warm at any time.
Treating Kidney Excess-Heat. Red-yellow urine, coagulation, obstruction, difficulty, and painful urination. Yubai Pi Yin (Elm Bark Drink) Formula:
Ulmus Massoniana Cortex (Yubai Pi, 榆白皮) [chopped, half sheng] Talcum (Huashi, 滑石) [crushed, 4 liang] Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) [removed black heart] Tetrapanacis Medulla (Mutong, 木通) [chopped] Dianthi Herba (Qumai, 瞿麦) [each 3 liang] Pyrosi Herba (Shiwei, 石苇) [hair removed, 2 liang] Malvae Semen (Dongkuizi, 冬葵子) [half sheng] Plantaginis Herba (Cheqian Cao, 车前草) [chopped, 1 sheng]
The above eight medicinal materials are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose is 5 qianbi, decocted with two zhan of water until reduced to 1 zhan, dregs removed, taken warm at any time.
Treating Kidney Excess-Heat. Stiff and tense waist and hips. Scorched-black complexion, red-astringent urine, chest and heart fullness. Hypochondriac distension. Fuling Tang (Poria Decoction) Formula:
Poria Cocos (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [removed black skin] Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归) [sliced and roasted] Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix (Niuxi, 牛膝) [wine-soaked, sliced and roasted] Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活) [rhizome head removed] Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳) [pulp removed, bran-roasted] Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie Sui, 荆芥穗) Arecae Semen (Binglang, 槟榔) [chopped, each 1 fen] Costi Radix (Muxiang, 木香) [3 zhu]
The above eight medicinal materials are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose is 3 qianbi, decocted with one zhan of water until reduced to 0.8 zhan, taken warm on an empty stomach after removing dregs.
Treating Kidney Qi Excess and Fullness, with inability to flex and extend waist and legs. Daoqi Wan (Guiding Qi Pill) Formula:
Arecae Semen (Binglang, 槟榔) [raw, chopped] Pharbitidis Semen (Qianniu Zi, 牵牛子) [stir-fried, each half liang] Poria Cocos (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [removed black skin] Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) [washed seven times in water, roasted, each 1 liang]
The above four medicinal materials are pounded into fine powder, mixed with natural juice of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) to form pills. Size of Sophora japonica seeds. Each dose is 30 pills, taken with warm wine after meals, three times daily.
Treating Kidney Accumulation and Excess attacking upwards. Phlegm-solid obstruction in head, eyes, chest, diaphragm, pharynx, and throat. Xianlingpi Wan (Epimedium Pill) Formula:
Epimedii Folium (Xianlingpi, 仙灵脾) Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma (Weilingxian, 威灵仙) [dirt removed] Poria Cocos (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [removed black skin] Poria Cum Radix (Fushen, 茯神) [wood removed] Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma, 天麻) Viticis Fructus (Manjingzi, 蔓荆实) Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Xiang Baizhi, 香白芷) Gardeniae Fructus Ren (Zhizi Ren, 栀子仁) Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) [chopped and stir-fried] Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus (Yizhi, 益智) [skin removed, each 1 liang] Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Wutou, 乌头) [processed, cracked, skin and navel removed, 4 pieces] Moschus (Shexiang, 麝香) [crushed, half liang]
The above twelve medicinal materials are pounded into fine powder, mixed with refined honey and pounded for a thousand strikes. Form pills size of Sophora japonica seeds. Taken with warm wine on an empty stomach, 3 to 5 pills per dose.