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(All eight categories)

(Discussion on twenty-five cases)
Qibo stated: The general principles of stroke (Zhong Feng, 中风) include four types: first is Piaku (Pian Ku, 偏枯), second is Fengfei (Feng Fei, 风痱), third is Fengyi (Feng Yi, 风懿), and fourth is Fengbi (Feng Bi, 风痹). Various acute diseases are mostly caused by Wind pathogen. When initially slight, people often fail to realize it; one should quickly administer Xuming Tang (Cure Life Decoction) and perform moxibustion according to acupoints. Wind is the chief of all diseases; among the four mentioned by Qibo, the most severe ones are...
Piaku manifests as hemiplegia, where one side of the body cannot move normally and is accompanied by pain, but speech remains clear and consciousness is unconfused. The disease location is between the fenli (skin and muscle interstices). Treatment should involve warming the bed to induce sweating, tonifying deficiency, and reducing excess, so recovery is possible. (The *Jia Yi Jing* records: Warming the bed to induce sweating requires a substantial amount.)
Fengfei presents with no body pain, inability to control the four limbs, and mild confusion of mind. If speech can still be barely expressed, it is treatable; if severe enough to prevent speech, it is untreatable.
Fengyi involves sudden coma and loss of consciousness, with a sensation of blockage and suffocation in the throat. (Chao Yuanfang describes it as "making yawning sounds.") Tongue stiffness prevents speech; the disease is located in the Zang-Fu organs. Prognosis depends on color: white around the eyes and nose tip indicates treatability; black on one side and red on the other with foaming saliva indicates untreatability.
Fengbi, Shibi, Zhoubi, Jinbi, Maibi, Jibi, Pibi, Gubi, and Baobi each have their specific manifestations. The appearance resembles wind-stroke, but differentiation relies on pulse diagnosis: a faint and choppy pulse indicates numbness and insensitivity of the body.
Wind pathogens usually enter from the Back-Shu points of the five Zang organs, causing disease in respective organs. Lung disease is most urgent because the Lung governs Qi and respiration and covers the other organs. In Lung wind-stroke, the patient lies supine with chest fullness, shortness of breath, dizziness, and sweating. This is the syndrome of Lung wind. Observing the skin color from below the eyes and above the nose down to the mouth: white color indicates treatability. Urgently moxa the Feishu (BL13) point for one hundred burns and administer Xuming Tang, with reduced dosage for children. If the skin turns yellow, it indicates lung injury and blood stasis, which is untreatable; the patient will speak nonsense, grasp at empty air or point at the ground, or pick at clothing seams, dying after several days. If struck by acute wind pathogen, leading to delirium, hallucinations, shortness of breath, and inability to speak, immediate medical treatment is required, otherwise death occurs within a night. Upon early detection, moxa Feishu, Geshu (BL17), and Ganshu (BL18) for dozens of burns and urgently administer Xuming Tang to save the patient. If saliva flows uncontrollably, decoction should be given alongside moxibustion. Wind affecting Yang meridians also causes delirium, similar to Lung disease, but if the pulse is slow and weak, the patient may survive for a long time before dying.
In Liver wind-stroke, the patient can only squat and cannot lower the head; the area around both eyes and forehead shows a slight bluish tint. This is the syndrome of Liver wind. If lips are blue and face yellow, it is treatable; urgently moxa Ganshu (BL18) for one hundred burns and administer Xuming Tang. If the color is deeply blue-black, and the face is half yellow and half white, liver injury has occurred, making it untreatable, with death occurring in a few days.
In Heart wind-stroke, the patient can only lie supine, unable to turn sideways, experiencing chest oppression, mental chaos, dizziness, syncope, and cold sweat. This is the syndrome of Heart wind. If lips are bright red, it is treatable; urgently moxa Xinshu (BL15) for one hundred burns and administer Xuming Tang. If lips are blue, white, yellow, or black, heart damage has occurred transforming into water retention; if the face appears dull with frequent tremors, it is untreatable, with death in five to six days (or ten days according to another source).
In Spleen wind-stroke, the patient can only squat with abdominal fullness, whole-body jaundice, and vomiting of salty fluid; this is treatable. Urgently moxa Pishu (BL20) for one hundred burns and administer Xuming Tang. If the area under the eyes and hands/feet are blue, it is untreatable.
In Kidney wind-stroke, the patient squats with lower back pain; if there are no yellow patches like cakes on either side of the flanks, it is treatable. Urgently moxa Shenshu (BL23) for one hundred burns and administer Xuming Tang. If teeth are yellow, temples reddish, hair stands straight, and face looks earthy, it is untreatable.
In Large Intestine wind-stroke, bowel sounds continue incessantly while lying down. Moxa Dachangshu (BL25) for one hundred burns and administer Xuming Tang.
When attacked by Thief Wind pathogen, Yang is injured. Yang is affected externally first, lodging in the skin, then transmitting to Sun vessels (fine collateral vessels). When Sun vessels are full, it transmits to Luo vessels; when Luo vessels are full, it transfers to the main meridians to form disease. Returning to the Six Fu organs results in Heat syndromes; restlessness leads to crying. The pulse is firm and large indicating Excess; Excess manifests as external hardness, fullness, and tenderness upon pressure. Collateral branches far from the main meridians are called Sun vessels.
When Wind pathogen injures the body, it may become Cold-internal, Heat-internal, Leprosy, Piaku, or Thief Wind. Thus, Wind contracted on Jia/Yi days in Spring affects the Liver (Liver Wind); Bing/Ding days in Summer affect the Heart (Heart Wind); Wu/Ji days in the four seasons affect the Spleen (Spleen Wind); Geng/Xin days in Autumn affect the Lung (Lung Wind); Ren/Gui days in Winter affect the Kidney (Kidney Wind). Wind entering the Back-Shu points of Zang-Fu organs becomes Zang-Fu Wind. Entering through various gates becomes Pianfeng (Partial Wind). Wind ascending along Fengfu (GV16) becomes Naofeng (Brain Wind). Wind entering the head becomes Mufeng (Eye Wind/Cold Eyes). Wind after drinking wine becomes Jiufeng (Wine Wind). Wind after intercourse with sweating becomes Neifeng (Internal Wind). Wind after washing hair becomes Shoufeng (Head Wind). Long-term wind entering during intercourse becomes Changfeng (Intestinal Wind). Wind at the exterior fenli becomes Xiefeng (Leaking Wind). Therefore, it is said: Wind is the chief of all diseases. Its changes lead to other diseases without fixed patterns. Wind moves swiftly and changes frequently; trapped in the skin and muscles, unable to vent internally or dissipate externally, its nature changes with human activity. Wind meeting cold causes poor appetite; meeting heat causes muscle wasting and alternating chills and fever. Wind meeting excessive Yang prevents sweating; meeting excessive Yin causes spontaneous sweating. Obese people with wind have thick muscles that hinder ventilation, prone to Heat-internal and yellow eyes. Thin people with wind have thin muscles causing frequent external sweating, internal cold, and tearing. Wind encountering Deficiency opens fenli, causing outward movement, feeling chilly like cold, with a sensation of water dripping on the body or blowing through bamboo tubes. Wind encountering Excess closes fenli, causing internal stagnation and heat oppression.
Wind contracted immediately after eating is Weifeng (Stomach Wind), characterized by aversion to wind, excessive neck sweating, sub-diaphragmatic blockage, difficulty swallowing, abdominal distension, emaciated body but enlarged abdomen, worsening upon exposure to cold, and watery diarrhea after cold food. Drinking cold water or bathing after hot meals causes abdominal enlargement and edema.
Wind contracted after drunkenness is Loufeng (Leaking Wind), characterized by aversion to wind, excessive sweating, shortness of breath, dry mouth with thirst, feeling like burning when near clothes, profuse sweating before meals, and joint laxity avoiding exertion.
Wind contracted after bathing is Shoufeng (Head Wind), characterized by aversion to wind, excessive sweating, and headache.
Wind contracted after intercourse is Nafeng (Receiving Wind), characterized by aversion to wind and sweat soaking clothes.
Laofeng (Labor Wind) pathology lies below the Lung, causing neck stiffness and eye protrusion; expectoration of thick sputum, aversion to wind, and chills. Observation over three to five days reveals lack of clarity; by seven to eight days, small amounts of green-yellow purulent sputum like pellets appear from mouth/nose, indicating improvement; if not expelled, Lung injury occurs.
Wind pathogen lodging in skin/muscle causes itching, wind-rash, and scabies. Deep invasion with cold-heat conflict causes internal drying. Pathogen lodging deeply in half the body depletes True Qi, causing Piaku. Pathogen lodging in joints causes spasms; similarly in tendons. Pathogen invading Zang organs causes dreams of large organs and small bodies; invading Fu organs causes dreams of small organs and large bodies. Pathogen entering brain via optic nerve causes vertigo. Pathogen striking the eye causes diplopia. Wind entering Zang with cold qi blocking dispersion causes aphonia, throat obstruction, tongue relaxation, requiring timely acupuncture and herbal medicine. Wind flowing into Zang via meridians causes sudden aphonia, flaccidity, lockjaw, and spasm leading to death. Wind entering Yang meridians causes mania; entering Yin meridians causes depression. Yang pathogen entering Yin causes quietness; Yin pathogen entering Yang causes anger.
If due to hot food, sweating/bathing opens fenli, allowing wind to exit, causing needle-like sensations in flesh; walking and exertion inducing sweat feels similar. Any sensation of needles in muscles is due to closed fenli trapping pathogen trying to exit; Jieji Tang (Release Muscle Decoction) is appropriate.
Eye twitching, lip deviation, and facial asymmetry indicate Wind entering meridians; urgently administer Xiao Xuming Tang (Minor Cure Life Decoction). Apply Bafeng San (Eight Winds Powder), Shenming Bai Gao (Divine Clarity White Ointment), and Danshen Gao (Salvia Ointment) combined with meridian-based acupuncture.
Bi Syndrome (Arthralgia) results from Wind, Cold, and Dampness lodging in fenli. Pressure forms phlegm-fluid; Cold causes aggregation, squeezing muscles; muscle tearing causes pain. Pain gathers Shen (Spirit); Shen gathering generates heat; heat resolves pain; resolution leads to Qi reversal; reversal triggers other Bi syndromes. Internal to Zang but external to skin, lodged in fenli, preventing circulation of True Qi, thus forming Bi. Predominant Wind causes numbness and swelling, termed Xingbi (Wandering Bi), moving unpredictably. Predominant Cold causes Tongbi (Painful Bi). Predominant Dampness causes Zhuobi (Fixed Bi). Cold sweat with vertical/horizontal flow along meridians is Zhoubi (Circular Bi). Alternating left/right symptoms in muscles is Pianbi (Hemi-Bi).
Bi with less Yang and more Yin causes internal cold. Bi with more Yang and less Yin causes heat. Bi dominated by Wind heals easily; superficial skin Bi heals easily; deep tendon/bone Bi is difficult to cure. Chronic Bi penetrates deeply, obstructing Ying-Wei, causing sparse meridians and loss of pain sensation.
Incurable Fengbi presents with feet feeling like walking on ice or boiling water, leg weakness, irritability, headache. Injury to Spleen/Kidney causes vomiting and dizziness, spontaneous sweating. Injury to Heart/Eyes causes dizziness. Injury to Liver causes sadness and fear, shortness of breath, and unhappiness. Injury to Lung leads to death within three years (or three days).
Taiyang Wind-stroke compounded by Cold-Damp transforms into Jing (Spasm). Jing features locked jaw, stiff straight spine, epilepsy-like symptoms, head shaking, horse-like neighing, opisthotonos; ten attacks in an instant, breathless, profuse sweating, occasional collapse. New mothers and those with open wounds and depleted blood are susceptible. Neonatal tetanus and adults contracting cold-damp spasm wind are fatal. Warm disease with intense heat entering Kidney causes pediatric epilepsy. High heat causes spasm; spasm, aphonia, syncope, and epilepsy are similar. Prolonged syncope leads to epilepsy; careful examination is needed. Severe cases involve stabbing ear pain from Wind entering Kidney meridian. Untreated, it flows into Kidney, causing sudden rigid spasm resembling death; Xiao Xuming Tang (two to three doses) is indicated. Ear pain/swelling with pus formation is harmless. Prevention of Wind in ears via acupuncture at Erqian Dongmai (Artery before Ear) and Fengfu (GV16) is excellent.