病源伤寒病若表实里虚，热气乘虚而入，攻于肠胃，则下黄赤汁，若温毒瓦斯盛，则腹痛
壮热，下脓血如鱼脑，或如烂肉汁，若寒毒入胃，则腹满身热下清谷，下清谷者，不可攻表，
汗
伤寒六七日下利，便发热而痢，其人汗出不止者死，但有阴无阳故也。
下利有微热，其人渴，脉弱者今自愈，脉沉弦者下重，其脉大者为未止，脉微数者为欲
自止，虽发热不死，少阴病八九日，而一身手足尽热，热在膀胱，必便血下利，脉反浮数，
尺中自涩，其人必圊脓血，少阴病下利，若利自止，恶寒而欲蜷，手足温者可疗，阳明病下
利，
伤寒下利日十余行，其人脉反实者死。（出第八卷中张仲景伤寒论阳明无下利证不可下
或有云下利其脉浮大者此皆为虚以强下之故也，设脉浮革因尔肠鸣当温之与水即哕）
仲景伤寒论伤寒本自寒下，医复吐之下之不解者，寒格更逆吐下，食入还吐出者，属干
姜黄连人参汤主之方。
干姜 黄连 黄芩 人参（各三两）
上四味切，以水六升，煮取二升，去滓，分再服之。忌猪肉冷水等。（出第六卷中）
又太阳病桂枝证，医反下之，利遂不止，脉促者，表未解也，喘而汗出者，属葛根黄连
汤方。
葛根（八两） 黄连（三两金色者） 黄芩（三两切） 甘草（二两）
上四味切，以水八升，先煮葛根减二升，掠去沫纳诸药，煮取二升，去滓，温分再服。
忌猪肉冷水海藻菘菜。（出第七卷中）
肘后疗伤寒若下脓血者，赤石脂汤方。
赤石脂（二两碎） 干姜（二两切） 附子（一两炮破）
上三味，以水五升，煮取三升，去滓，温分三服，后脐下痛者，加当归一两，芍药二两
，用水六升煮。忌猪肉。（范汪张文仲同）
又主下利不能食者，兼疗天行，黄连丸方。
黄连（一两） 乌梅（二十枚炙燥）
上二味捣末，腊如博棋子一枚，蜜一升于微火煎，令可丸如梧子，一服十五丸日三。忌
猪肉冷水。（出第一卷中）
又白通汤，疗伤寒泄痢不已，口渴不得下食，虚而烦方。
大附子（一枚生削去黑皮破八片） 干姜（半两炮） 甘草（半两炙） 葱白（十四茎）
上四味切，以水三升，煮取一升二合，去滓，温分再服，渴微呕心下停水者，一方加
犀角半两大良。忌海藻菘菜猪肉。（范汪同出第十四卷中张仲景伤寒论白通汤惟主少阴下利
厥游无脉干躁而烦者白通加猪胆汤主之本无甘草仍不加犀角）
范汪疗伤寒腹中微痛不止下利，秦皮汤方。
秦皮（三两） 黄连（四两） 白头翁（二两） 阿胶（三两）
上四味 咀三味，以水八升，煮得二升，绞去滓，纳胶令烊，适寒温，先食饮七合，日
二服。忌猪肉冷水。
又豉薤汤，疗伤寒暴下，及滞利腹痛方。
豉（一升） 薤白（一把寸切）
上二物，以水三升，煮令薤熟，漉去滓，分为再服，不瘥复作。
又蕙草汤，疗伤寒除热止下利方。
蕙草（二两） 黄连（四两） 当归（二两）
上三味切，以水六升，煮得二升，适寒温，饮五合，日三。忌猪肉冷水等物。
又疗伤寒下利脉微，足厥冷，通草汤方。
通草（一两） 干姜（一两） 枳实（四两炙） 人参（一两） 附子（一枚炮令裂破）
上五味切，以水六升，煮取二升，适寒温，饮五合，日三，不瘥稍加至七合。忌猪肉。
（并出第三十卷中）
短剧犀角汤，疗热毒下黄赤汁，及赤如腐烂血，及赤滞如鱼脑，腹痛壮热，诸药无效方
黄柏（一两半） 黄芩（一两半） 白头翁（一两） 黄连（二两） 当归（一两） 牡
蛎（一两
半熬） 犀角（屑半两） 艾叶（半两） 石榴皮（一两半） 桑寄生（一两） 甘草（一
两炙）
上十一味切，以水八升，煮取三升，分三服。忌猪肉冷水海藻菘菜。（出第六卷中古今
录验同）
集验疗伤寒后下利脓血，柏皮汤方。
黄柏（二两） 黄连（四两） 栀子仁（十四枚擘） 阿胶（一两炙）
上四味切，以水六升，煮三味取二升，去滓，纳胶令烊，温分再服。忌猪肉冷水。（范
汪同出第二卷中）
千金翼热利下重，白头翁汤主之方。
白头翁（二两） 黄柏（三两） 黄连（三两） 秦皮（三两切）
上四味切，以水七升，煮取二升，去滓，分服一升，不愈更服。忌猪肉冷水。（范汪同
出第十卷中此张仲景伤寒论方）
崔氏疗伤寒后赤白滞下无数，阮氏桃花汤方。
赤石脂（八两冷多白滞者加四两） 粳米（一升） 干姜（四两冷多白滞者加四两切）
上三味，以水一斗，煮米熟，汤成去滓，服一升，不瘥复作，热多则带赤，冷多则带白
。（千金翼方不同加减稍别伤寒论千金范汪同张仲景伤寒论煮汤和赤石脂末一方寸匕服）
又疗伤寒热利，黄连丸方。
黄连（三两去毛） 当归（三两） 干姜（二两） 赤石脂（二两切）
上四味捣筛，蜜和丸如梧子大，服三十丸，日三，叔尚书以疗热痢，是岁传与东都当方
诸军营，及夏口戍人发者数千余人，余时亦复用之，亦佳，但时用之，不及诸汤速耳，当服
百丸许乃断。忌猪肉冷水。（并出第一卷中）
张文仲陶氏伤寒下利，豉薤汤方。
豉（一斤绵裹） 薤白（一握） 栀子（十四枚擘破）
上三味，以水五升，煮取二升半，去滓，温分三服，短剧云，此方主温毒，及伤寒内虚
，外热攻肠胃，下黄赤汁，及如烂肉汁，并去赤滞，下伏气腹痛诸热毒，悉土之，水四升，
先煮栀子薤白令熟，纳豉煮取二升，分三服。（千金备急方同）
又疗伤寒下利，恶血不止，犀角汤方。
干姜（一两） 犀角（一两末） 地榆（一两） 蜜（二合）
上四味切，以水五升，煮取一升半，去滓，下蜜更煮至一升，分三服，自愈，此治热毒
蛊利。（千金同并出第十五卷中）
[Background Information]
Book: *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies)
Author: Wang Tao
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty, Tianbao 11th Year
Chapter: Sixteen Formulas for Cold Damage with Dysentery and Pus-Blood-Yellow-Red Stools
Category: Formulas
[English Translation]
**Etiology:** In cold damage disease, if the exterior is excess and the interior is deficient, heat qi enters through the deficiency and attacks the intestines and stomach, resulting in the discharge of yellow-red fluid. If warm toxin qi is vigorous, abdominal pain and high fever occur, with discharge of pus and blood resembling fish brains or rotten meat juice. If cold toxin enters the stomach, abdominal fullness, body heat, and discharge of undigested food (clear谷物/qing gu) occur. For cases with discharge of undigested food, sweating methods to attack the exterior should not be used.
*Shanghan Lun* records: After six or seven days of cold damage, if diarrhea occurs accompanied by fever and dysentery, and the patient has incessant sweating, it is a death case, because there is only yin without yang (separation of yin and yang).
In diarrhea with slight fever, if the patient feels thirsty and the pulse is weak, self-healing is imminent. If the pulse is deep and wiry, there is a sensation of tenesmus. If the pulse is large, the condition has not stopped. If the pulse is slightly rapid, the condition is about to stop spontaneously; although fever is present, death will not occur. In Shaoyin disease after eight or nine days, if the whole body and hands and feet are hot, the heat is in the Bladder, inevitably leading to hematochezia and diarrhea. The pulse reversely floats and is rapid, the chi position pulse is choppy, and the patient must defecate pus and blood. In Shaoyin disease with diarrhea, if the diarrhea stops spontaneously, despite aversion to cold and a desire to curl up, if the hands and feet are warm, it is treatable. In Yangming disease with diarrhea...
*Shanghan Lun* records: In cold damage with diarrhea occurring more than ten times a day, if the pulse reversely becomes solid/excess, it is a death case. (From Volume 8, Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun*, which mentions that Yangming disease originally has no diarrhea syndrome and purgatives should not be used; some versions say diarrhea with floating-large pulse indicates deficiency caused by forced purgation. If the pulse is floating-leather-like, causing borborygmus, warming should be applied; giving water causes hiccups.)
Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun* states: Cold damage originally presenting with cold-type diarrhea, if the physician incorrectly uses emesis and purgation, and the illness does not resolve, leading to cold rejection and further reversal causing vomiting and diarrhea, where food is eaten and immediately vomited out, this belongs to the indication for Ganjiang Huanglian Renshen Tang (Dried Ginger, Coptis, and Ginseng Decoction).
**Formula: Ganjiang Huanglian Renshen Tang (Dried Ginger, Coptis, and Ginseng Decoction)**
Ingredients: Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Renshen (Ginseng Root) (each 3 liang).
Preparation: Cut the four herbs. Boil in 6 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Remove dregs. Divide into two doses and take warm. Avoid pork, cold water, etc. (From Volume 6)
Additionally, in Taiyang disease with Guizhi syndrome, if the physician incorrectly uses purgation, leading to incessant diarrhea, with a rapid pulse indicating the exterior pathogen is unresolved, accompanied by wheezing and sweating, this belongs to the indication for Gegen Huangqin Huanglian Tang (Kudzu, Scutellaria, and Coptis Decoction).
**Formula: Gegen Huangqin Huanglian Tang (Kudzu, Scutellaria, and Coptis Decoction)**
Ingredients: Gegen (Puerariae Radix) (8 liang), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (3 liang, golden color preferred), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (3 liang, cut), Gancao (Licorice Root) (2 liang).
Preparation: Cut the four herbs. Boil in 8 sheng of water. First boil Gegen until reduced by 2 sheng, skim off foam, add other herbs, boil to obtain 2 sheng. Remove dregs. Divide into two doses and take warm. Avoid pork, cold water, Hai Zao (Sargassum), Song Cai (Chinese Cabbage). (From Volume 7)
*Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept in My Sleeve) treats cold damage with pus-blood discharge using Chishizhi Tang (Kaolin Decoction).
Ingredients: Chishizhi (Kaolinite) (2 liang, crushed), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (2 liang, cut), Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root) (1 liang, processed and broken).
Preparation: Boil the three herbs in 5 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Remove dregs. Divide into three doses and take warm. If umbilical pain occurs after taking, add Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) 1 liang and Shaoyao (Peony Root) 2 liang, boil in 6 sheng of water. Avoid pork. (Fan Wang and Zhang Wenzhong agree)
Additionally, for diarrhea with inability to eat, treating epidemic diseases, Huanglian Wan (Coptis Pill).
Ingredients: Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (1 liang), Wumei (Mume Fruit) (20 pieces, roasted dry).
Preparation: Pound the two herbs into powder. Make one pill the size of a chess piece. Boil 1 sheng of honey over low fire until suitable for pill-making. Shape into pills the size of wu zi (chinese chestnut seeds). Take 15 pills per dose, three times daily. Avoid pork, cold water. (From Volume 1)
Additionally, Baitong Tang (White Onion Decoction), treating persistent cold damage diarrhea/dysentery, thirst, inability to eat, deficiency with vexation.
Ingredients: Dafuzi (Large Aconite Lateral Root, raw, black skin removed, broken into 8 pieces) (1 piece), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (0.5 liang, processed), Gancao (Licorice Root) (0.5 liang, honey-fried), Congbai (Scallion White) (14 stems).
Preparation: Cut the four herbs. Boil in 3 sheng of water to obtain 1.2 sheng. Remove dregs. Divide into two doses and take warm. For those with thirst, slight vomiting, and water retention below the heart, another version adds Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn) 0.5 liang for good effect. Avoid Hai Zao, Song Cai, pork. (Fan Wang agrees, From Volume 14, Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun*. Baitong Tang mainly treats Shaoyin disease with diarrhea, cold limbs, absent pulse, dryness, and vexation; Baitong Jia Zhudan Tang treats this. The original formula has no Gancao and does not add Xijiao.)
Fan Wang treats cold damage with slight abdominal pain, incessant diarrhea, using Qinpi Tang (Bark of Fraxinus Decoction).
Ingredients: Qinpi (Fraxinus Bark) (3 liang), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (4 liang), Baitouweng (Pulsatilla Root) (2 liang), Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (3 liang).
Preparation: Cut the first three herbs. Boil in 8 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Strain to remove dregs. Add gelatin to melt. When temperature is suitable, drink 0.7 sheng before meals, twice daily. Avoid pork, cold water.
Additionally, Chi-Xie Tang (Fermented Soybean and Allium Macrostemon Decoction), treating sudden cold damage diarrhea and stagnant dysentery with abdominal pain.
Ingredients: Chi (Fermented Soybean/Douchi) (1 sheng), Xiebai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus) (one handful, cut into inch segments).
Preparation: Boil the two herbs in 3 sheng of water until Xiebai is cooked. Strain to remove dregs. Divide into two doses. If not cured, prepare again.
Additionally, Huicao Tang (Melilotus/Herb Decoction - note: text says Hui Cao, likely referring to a specific herb like Melilotus or similar, kept as Huicao), treating cold damage to clear heat and stop diarrhea.
Ingredients: Huicao (Huicao Herb) (2 liang), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (4 liang), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) (2 liang).
Preparation: Cut the three herbs. Boil in 6 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. When temperature is suitable, drink 0.5 sheng, three times daily. Avoid pork, cold water, etc.
Additionally, Tongcao Tang (Tetrapanacis Medulla Decoction), treating cold damage diarrhea with faint pulse and cold feet.
Ingredients: Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla) (1 liang), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (1 liang), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange) (4 liang, processed), Renshen (Ginseng Root) (1 liang), Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root) (1 piece, processed until cracked).
Preparation: Cut the five herbs. Boil in 6 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. When temperature is suitable, drink 0.5 sheng, three times daily. If not cured, increase slightly to 0.7 sheng. Avoid pork. (All from Volume 30)
*Duanju Fang* (Short Drama Formula) Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction), treating heat toxin causing yellow-red fluid discharge, red blood like rotting flesh, red stagnation like fish brains, abdominal pain, high fever, ineffective with other formulas.
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) (1.5 liang), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) (1.5 liang), Baitouweng (Pulsatilla Root) (1 liang), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (2 liang), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) (1 liang), Muli (Oyster Shell) (1.5 liang, calcined), Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn) (0.5 liang, powdered), Aiye (Mugwort Leaf) (0.5 liang), Shiliupi (Pomegranate Peel) (1.5 liang), Sangjisheng (Taxillus Branch) (1 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root) (1 liang, honey-fried).
Preparation: Cut the eleven herbs. Boil in 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Divide into three doses. Avoid pork, cold water, Hai Zao, Song Cai. (From Volume 6, *Gujin Luyan* agrees)
*Jiyan Fang* (Collected Proven Experiences) treats post-cold damage diarrhea with pus-blood using Bapi Tang (Phellodendron Bark Decoction).
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) (2 liang), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (4 liang), Zhizi Ren (Gardenia Seed) (14 pieces, split), Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (1 liang, honey-fried).
Preparation: Cut the four herbs. Boil the first three in 6 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Remove dregs. Add gelatin to melt. Divide into two doses and take warm. Avoid pork, cold water. (Fan Wang agrees, From Volume 2)
*Qianjin Yi Fang* (Supplement to Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) Heat diarrhea with tenesmus is treated by Baitouweng Tang (Pulsatilla Decoction).
Ingredients: Baitouweng (Pulsatilla Root) (2 liang), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) (3 liang), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (3 liang), Qinpi (Fraxinus Bark) (3 liang, cut).
Preparation: Cut the four herbs. Boil in 7 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Remove dregs. Divide doses to take 1 sheng. If not cured, continue taking. Avoid pork, cold water. (Fan Wang agrees, From Volume 10, this is Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun* formula)
Cui Shi treats post-cold damage red-white stagnant dysentery numerous times using Ruan Shi Taohua Tang (Ruan's Peach Blossom Decoction).
Ingredients: Chishizhi (Kaolinite) (8 liang, add 4 liang if cold-dominant white stagnation), Jingmi (Glutinous Rice) (1 sheng), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (4 liang, cut, add 4 liang if cold-dominant white stagnation).
Preparation: Boil the three herbs in 1 dou of water until rice is cooked. Strain to remove dregs. Take 1 sheng. If not cured, prepare again. Heat-dominant presents with red stool; cold-dominant presents with white stool. (*Qianjin Yi Fang* differs slightly in additions/subtractions; *Shanghan Lun*, *Qianjin*, Fan Wang agree. Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun*: mix decoction with Chishizhi powder, one cun bi dose).
Additionally, treating cold damage heat diarrhea, Huanglian Wan (Coptis Pill).
Ingredients: Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (3 liang, remove hairs), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) (3 liang), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (2 liang), Chishizhi (Kaolinite) (2 liang, cut).
Preparation: Pound and sieve the four herbs. Mix with honey to make pills the size of wu zi. Take 30 pills per dose, three times daily. Uncle Shangshu used this to treat heat dysentery; that year it was spread to various military camps in the Eastern Capital and garrison troops at Xiakou, numbering thousands. I also reused it then, and it was good, but its action is not as fast as various decoctions. About 100 pills are needed to cure. Avoid pork, cold water. (All from Volume 1)
Zhang Wenzhong, Tao Shi treat cold damage diarrhea using Chi-Xie Tang (Fermented Soybean and Allium Macrostemon Decoction).
Ingredients: Chi (Fermented Soybean/Douchi) (1 jin, wrapped in silk), Xiebai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus) (one handful), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit) (14 pieces, split).
Preparation: Boil the three herbs in 5 sheng of water to obtain 2.5 sheng. Strain to remove dregs. Divide into three doses and take warm. *Duanju Fang* says this formula mainly treats warm toxin, and cold damage with internal deficiency and external heat attacking intestines/stomach, causing yellow-red fluid discharge, rotten meat-like juice, removing red stagnation, eliminating latent qi causing abdominal pain, and all heat toxins can be cured by it. Use 4 sheng of water, first boil Zhizi and Xiebai until cooked, add Chi, boil to obtain 2 sheng, divide into three doses. (*Qianjin Beijifang* agrees)
Additionally, treating cold damage diarrhea with unceasing evil blood, Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction).
Ingredients: Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (1 liang), Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn) (1 liang, powdered), Diyü (Sanguisorba Root) (1 liang), Mi (Honey) (2 he).
Preparation: Cut the four herbs. Boil in 5 sheng of water to obtain 1.5 sheng. Remove dregs. Add honey and boil again to 1 sheng. Divide into three doses. Disease heals spontaneously. This treats heat toxin gu dysentery. (*Qianjin Fang* agrees, All from Volume 15)