夫伤寒坏病者。为三阴三阳俱受病讫。毒瓦斯未散。留于腑脏。致令病候多变。故曰坏伤
寒也
汤。
牢难
故
治伤寒坏病。身体沉重无力。昏昏如醉。头痛烦闷。宜服麦门冬散方。
麦门冬（三分去心） 百合（三分） 麻黄（三分去根节） 葛根（半两锉） 柴胡（一
两去苗）
桔梗（半两去芦头） 木通（三分锉） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉） 羚羊角屑（半两） 石
膏（二两）
赤茯苓（一两）
上件药。捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候
温服。
治坏伤寒。经数日未解。潮热作时。烦躁面赤。宜服升麻散方。
川升麻（二分） 鳖甲（三分涂醋炙令黄去裙 ） 前胡（半两去芦头） 乌梅肉（半
两） 犀
角
（三分锉）
上件药。捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。入生地黄汁一合。更煎
一两沸。不计时候。分为二服。
又方。
栀子仁（三分） 川升麻（三分） 黄芩（一两） 石膏（一两） 干姜（半两炮裂锉）
上件药。捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。入生地黄汁一合。更煎
一两沸。不计时候。分为二服。
治伤寒后已经十余日。潮热不退。身体沉重。昏昏如醉。恐成坏病。宜服前胡散方
。
前胡（一两去芦头） 百合（一两） 麻黄（三分去根节） 葛根（一两锉） 麦门冬
（半两去
心） 石膏（一两）
上件药。捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候
温服。
又方。
柴胡（一两去苗） 防风（三分去芦头） 前胡（一两去芦头） 黄芩（一两） 葛根
（一两锉）
甘草（半两炙微赤锉）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。
治坏伤寒。经十日以来未解。热在胸膈。烦闷不止。宜服鳖甲散方。
鳖甲（涂醋炙令黄去裙 ） 柴胡（去苗） 川升麻 乌梅肉 枳实（麸炒微黄） 犀
角屑
黄芩（以上各一两） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉）
上件药。捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。入生地黄汁半合。更煎
一两沸。不计时候。分温二服。
治坏伤寒日数多后。烦热不退。颊赤口干。宜服犀角散方。
犀角屑（一两） 柴胡（三分去苗） 吴蓝（三分） 大青（一两） 川升麻（一两） 乌
梅肉（
三分） 黄芩（三分） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉）
上件药。捣为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入竹叶三七片。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候
温服。
治坏伤寒。热在胸中。口不能语。宜服麦奴丸方。
麦奴（半两） 灶下黄土（半两） 灶突中墨（半两） 梁上尘（半两） 麻黄（一两
去根节）
川大黄（半两锉碎微炒） 黄芩（半两） 川朴硝（一两）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和丸。如弹子大。每服。以新汲水研下一丸。良久。令极饮水。
。不欲水但强饮之。须臾必寒。寒已当有汗出。便愈。
治坏伤寒。心下结硬。腹满气急。大便不利。体变如桃枝色。热结在内者。宜服
\x宣毒瓦斯
麝香（一分细研） 猪苓（一分去黑皮） 川芒硝（一两） 柴胡（半两去苗） 莞花
（一分醋
拌炒干） 川大黄（一两锉碎微炒） 栀子仁（半两）
上件药。捣罗为末。入麝香同研令匀。炼蜜和丸。如梧桐子大。每服。以温水下二十丸
。良久必利。未利再服。
Huai Shanghan (Badly Damaged Cold Damage) refers to a condition where the pathogenic factors have affected all three Yin and three Yang meridians, but the toxic heat has not yet dissipated, remaining stagnant in the fu and zang organs. This leads to variable clinical manifestations, hence it is termed "Huai Shanghan."
For treating Huai Shanghan with symptoms of heavy and weak body, drowsiness resembling drunkenness, headache, and irritability, the Maidong San (Ophiopogon Powder) formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 3 fen, heart removed), Baihe (Lilii Bulbus, 3 fen), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 3 fen, roots and joints removed), Gegen (Puerariae Radix, 0.5 liang, sliced), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 1 liang, sprouts removed), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, 0.5 liang, radix tip removed), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, 3 fen, sliced), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly reddish and sliced), Lingyangjiaoxie (Saigae Tataricae Cornu, 0.5 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang), Chi Fuling (Polyporus with Red Core, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water and 0.5 fen of fresh ginger, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, strain, and take warm at any time.
For treating Huai Shanghan that has persisted for several days without resolution, presenting with tidal fever, irritability, and flushed face, the Shengma San (Cimicifugae Powder) formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Chuan Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 2 fen), Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, 3 fen, vinegar-fried until yellow, skirt edges removed), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, 0.5 liang, radix tip removed), Wumei Rou (Mume Fructus pulp, 0.5 liang), Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, 3 fen, sliced).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, strain, add 1 he of Shengdihuangzhi (Rehmanniae Juice), boil for one or two boils, and divide into two doses to take at any time.
Another prescription:
Ingredients: Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, 3 fen), Chuan Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 3 fen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang), Jiangjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum, 0.5 liang, roasted, cracked, and sliced).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, strain, add 1 he of Shengdihuangzhi (Rehmanniae Juice), boil for one or two boils, and divide into two doses to take at any time.
After cold damage has lasted more than ten days, if tidal fever persists, the body feels heavy, and there is drowsiness resembling drunkenness, fearing progression to Huai Bing (complicated disease), the Qianhu San (Peucedani Powder) formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, 1 liang, radix tip removed), Baihe (Lilii Bulbus, 1 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 3 fen, roots and joints removed), Gegen (Puerariae Radix, 1 liang, sliced), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 0.5 liang, heart removed), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water and 0.5 fen of fresh ginger, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, strain, and take warm at any time.
Another prescription:
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 1 liang, sprouts removed), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 3 fen, radix tip removed), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, 1 liang, radix tip removed), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang), Gegen (Puerariae Radix, 1 liang, sliced), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly reddish and sliced).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, strain, and take warm at any time.
For treating Huai Shanghan persisting for ten days or more without resolution, with heat in the chest and diaphragm and unceasing irritability, the Biejia San (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Powder) formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, vinegar-fried until yellow, skirt edges removed), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, sprouts removed), Chuan Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Wumei Rou (Mume Fructus pulp), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, bran-fried until slightly yellow), Xijiaoxie (Rhinocerotis Cornu, sliced), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix; each of the above 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly reddish and sliced).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, strain, add 0.5 he of Shengdihuangzhi (Rehmanniae Juice), boil for one or two boils, and divide into two warm doses to take at any time.
For treating Huai Shanghan after many days, with persistent irritant heat, flushed cheeks, and dry mouth, the Xijiao San (Rhinocerotis Cornu Powder) formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Xijiaoxie (Rhinocerotis Cornu, sliced, 1 liang), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 3 fen, sprouts removed), Wulan (Isatidis Folium, 3 fen), Daqing (Indigo Naturalis, 1 liang), Chuan Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 1 liang), Wumei Rou (Mume Fructus pulp, 3 fen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 3 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly reddish and sliced).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water and 37 leaves of Zhuye (Bambusae Folium), decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, strain, and take warm at any time.
For treating Huai Shanghan with heat in the chest and inability to speak, the Mainu Wan (Wheat Mildew Pill) formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Mainu (Tritici Aestivii Mycelium, 0.5 liang), Zaoxia Huangtu (Caulis Fornacis Terra, 0.5 liang), Zaotu Zhongmo (Fumi, 0.5 liang), Liangshang Chen (Dust from Beams, 0.5 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 liang, roots and joints removed), Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, sliced and lightly stir-fried), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 0.5 liang), Chuan Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Sieve the above ingredients into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of a bullet. For each dose, grind one pill in fresh well water and swallow. After a while, force the patient to drink plenty of water even if they do not desire it. Soon, chills will occur. After the chills subside, sweating should ensue, indicating recovery.
For treating Huai Shanghan with hardness and fullness below the heart, abdominal distension, shortness of breath, constipation, skin discoloration resembling peach branches, and internal heat accumulation, the Xuanduwa Formula (Toxin-Releasing Formula) is indicated.
Ingredients: Shexiang (Moschus, 1 fen, finely ground), Zhuling (Polyporus, 1 fen, black skin removed), Chuan Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 0.5 liang, sprouts removed), Guanhua (Genkwanis Flos, 1 fen, mixed with vinegar and fried dry), Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, sliced and lightly stir-fried), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Sieve the above ingredients into fine powder, mix thoroughly with Shexiang (Moschus), and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose with warm water. Diarrhea will likely occur after some time. If no diarrhea occurs, administer another dose.