夫水气小便涩者。由荣卫不调。经络痞涩。脾肾虚弱。使水气流溢于皮肤四肢。肾与膀
胱有
涩。
治水气。四肢肿满。上气喘急。小便秘涩。汉防己散方。
汉防己（一两） 木通（一两锉） 桑根白皮（一两锉） 赤茯苓（一两） 甘草（半
两炙微赤
锉） 大腹皮（半两锉） 牵牛子（一两微炒）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服三钱。以水一中盏。入生姜半分。葱白七寸。
煎至六分。去滓。不计时候温服。
治水气。面目腿膝肿硬。小便赤涩。蘧麦散方。
蘧麦（一两） 滑石（一两） 汉防己（一两） 川大黄（一两锉碎微炒） 川芒硝（一
两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服三钱。以水一中盏。煎至六分。去滓。不计时候温服。
又方。
木通（二两锉） 桔梗（一两去芦头） 赤芍药（一两） 桑根白皮（一两锉） 甜葶
苈（一两
隔纸炒令紫色） 白茅根（二两锉）
上件药。捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。
治水气肿满。大小便涩壅。宜服大戟散方。
大戟（一两锉碎微炒） 陈橘皮（一两汤浸去白瓤焙） 商陆（一两） 木通（一两锉）
蘧麦
（一两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服三钱。以水一中盏。煎至六分。去滓。空腹温服。如未通。
即良久再服。
治水气。遍身肿。小便涩。腹胀满。宜服此方。
桑根白皮（锉一升） 泽漆茎叶（锉二升） 赤小豆（二升）
上以水二斗。绵裹二味。煮小豆令熟。饥即食豆。渴即细细饮汁。以瘥为度。
治水气。小便涩。身体虚肿。宜服此方。
乌臼皮（二两） 木通（一两锉） 槟榔（一两）
上件药。捣细罗为散。每服。不计时候。以粥饮调下二钱。
治大腹水肿。四肢洪满。小便涩少。海蛤丸方。
海蛤（一两细研） 甜葶苈（一两隔纸炒令紫色） 赤茯苓（一两） 桑根白皮（一两
锉） 郁
李仁
煨令微
黄）
上件药。捣罗为末。别捣葶苈如泥。纳药末中和匀。炼蜜和捣二三百杵。丸如梧桐子大。
每服。以粥饮下二十丸。日三四服。
又方。
槟榔（一两） 牵牛子（一两微炒） 赤茯苓（一两） 桑根白皮（一两锉） 甜葶苈
（一两隔
纸炒令紫色） 汉防己（半两）
上件药。捣罗为末。别捣葶苈如泥。纳药末中和匀。炼蜜和捣三二百杵。丸如梧桐子大。
每服。以粥饮下二十丸。日三服。以瘥为度。
治水肿。利小便。消胀满。宜服商陆丸方。
商陆（一两） 川芒硝（半两） 甘遂（一分煨令微黄） 川大黄（半两锉碎微炒） 芫
花（半
两醋拌炒令干） 荛花（半两微炒）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和捣三二百杵。丸如梧桐子大。每服。食前。以粥饮下三丸。
以利为度。
治水气。小便涩。喘息促。四肢无力。宜服此方。
沙牛尿（一斗） 诃黎勒皮（半斤捣末）
上件药。先以牛尿于铜器中。煎至二升。入诃黎勒末。熬令硬软得所。丸如梧桐子大。
每服。茶酒下三十丸。日三服。当下水及恶物为效。
治水气。腹胀气促。小便涩。水银丸方。
水银（一两用少枣肉研令星尽） 甜葶苈（一两半隔纸炒令紫色） 椒目（半两微炒去
汗）
浮萍草（半两） 滑石（二两）
上件药。捣罗为末。研入水银令匀。煎皂荚子。胶和。丸如梧桐子大。每服。以葱汤下
十五丸。日三四服。
治水气洪肿。小便涩方。
芫花根（一两锉微炒）
上件药。捣细罗为末。每服。空心。以温水调下一钱。得小便大利便瘥。
治水肿烦渴。小便赤涩方。
冬瓜白瓤（不限多少）
上以水煮令熟。和汁淡食之。
治水气。遍身肿。小便赤涩方。
甜葶苈（二两隔纸炒令紫色）
上捣如膏。煮枣肉和丸。如梧桐子大。每服。煎桑根白皮汤下三十丸。日三四服。
The etiology of edema (Shui Qi) presenting with difficult and scanty urination lies in the disharmony of Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi), obstruction and stagnation of the meridians, and deficiency of the Spleen and Kidney. This causes water qi to overflow into the skin and four limbs, resulting in涩滞 (stagnation) in the Kidney and Bladder.
For treating edema manifesting as swelling and fullness of the four limbs, upward rushing of Qi with rapid breathing, and obstructed, scanty urination: Han Fang Ji San Decoction Powder.
Han Fang Ji (Isatidis Radix / Stephania Tetrandrae Radix - *Note: Historical context usually refers to Stephania*, 1 liang) Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, 1 liang, crushed) Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, 1 liang, crushed) Chi Fu Ling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, 1 liang) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed) Da Fu Pi (Arecae Pericarpium, 0.5 liang, crushed) Qian Niu Zi (Pharbitidis Semen, 1 liang, lightly stir-fried).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Add 1 zhong zhan of water, 0.5 fen of fresh ginger, and 7 cun of scallion white. Decoct until 6 fen remains. Strain and take warm at any time.
For treating edema manifesting as hard swelling of the face, eyes, legs, and knees, and reddish, scanty urination: Qu Mai San Decoction Powder.
Qu Mai (Polygoni Avicularis Herba, 1 liang) Hua Shi (Talcum, 1 liang) Han Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, 1 liang) Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, crushed and lightly stir-fried) Chuan Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Add 1 zhong zhan of water. Decoct until 6 fen remains. Strain and take warm at any time.
Another prescription:
Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, 2 liang, crushed) Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix, 1 liang, remove rhizome) Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 1 liang) Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, 1 liang, crushed) Tian Ting Li (Semen Lepidii seu Descurainiae, 1 liang, stir-fried between papers until purple) Bai Mao Gen (Imperatae Rhizoma, 2 liang, crushed).
Crush and sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Add 1 da zhan of water. Decoct until 5 fen remains. Strain and take warm at any time.
For treating edema with swelling and fullness, and obstructed defecation and urination: Da Ji San Decoction Powder.
Da Ji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, 1 liang, crushed and lightly stir-fried) Chen Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 1 liang, soaked in hot water, remove white pith, and bake) Shang Lu (Phytolaccae Radix, 1 liang) Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, 1 liang, crushed) Qu Mai (Polygoni Avicularis Herba, 1 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Add 1 zhong zhan of water. Decoct until 6 fen remains. Strain and take warm on an empty stomach. If unrelieved, repeat after some time.
For treating edema with generalized swelling, scanty urination, and abdominal fullness:
Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, 1 sheng, crushed) Ze Qi Jing Ye (Euphorbiae Helioscopiae Caulis et Folium, 2 sheng, crushed) Chi Xiao Dou (Phaseoli Radiati Semen, 2 sheng).
Add 2 dou of water. Wrap the first two herbs in silk cloth and boil with the beans until cooked. Eat the beans when hungry. Drink the broth slowly when thirsty. Continue until recovery.
For treating edema with scanty urination and flaccid generalized swelling:
Wu Jiu Pi (Cortex Alchorneae, 2 liang) Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, 1 liang, crushed) Bing Lang (Arecae Semen, 1 liang).
Crush and finely sieve the above ingredients into a powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with rice gruel, at any time.
For treating massive abdominal edema, swollen and full four limbs, and scanty, difficult urination: Hai Ge Wan Pill.
Hai Ge (Concha Arcae, 1 liang, finely ground) Tian Ting Li (Semen Lepidii seu Descurainiae, 1 liang, stir-fried between papers until purple) Chi Fu Ling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, 1 liang) Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, 1 liang, crushed) Yu Li Ren (Pruni Semen, baked until slightly yellow).
Grind the above ingredients into powder. Separately grind Ting Li into a paste. Mix the paste with the powder. Combine with refined honey and pound 200-300 times. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills per dose with rice gruel, 3-4 times daily.
Another prescription:
Bing Lang (Arecae Semen, 1 liang) Qian Niu Zi (Pharbitidis Semen, 1 liang, lightly stir-fried) Chi Fu Ling (Poria Cocos with Red Hosta Root, 1 liang) Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, 1 liang, crushed) Tian Ting Li (Semen Lepidii seu Descurainiae, 1 liang, stir-fried between papers until purple) Han Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, 0.5 liang).
Grind the above ingredients into powder. Separately grind Ting Li into a paste. Mix the paste with the powder. Combine with refined honey and pound 200-300 times. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills per dose with rice gruel, 3 times daily, until recovery.
For treating edema, promoting diuresis, and reducing distension: Shang Lu Wan Pill.
Shang Lu (Phytolaccae Radix, 1 liang) Chuan Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 0.5 liang) Gan Sui (Kansui Radix, 1 fen, baked until slightly yellow) Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, crushed and lightly stir-fried) Yuan Hua (Genkwa Flos, 0.5 liang, stir-fried with vinegar until dry) Rao Hua (Daphnes Genkwa Flos, 0.5 liang, lightly stir-fried).
Grind the above ingredients into powder. Combine with refined honey and pound 200-300 times. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 3 pills per dose before meals with rice gruel, until purgation occurs.
For treating edema with scanty urination, rapid breathing, and weakness of the four limbs:
Sha Niu Niao (Urine of a black cow, 1 dou) He Li Le Pi (Pericarpium Chebulae, 0.5 jin, ground into powder).
First, decoct the cow urine in a copper vessel until reduced to 2 sheng. Add the He Li Le powder and simmer until the consistency is appropriate. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with tea or wine, 3 times daily. Efficacy is indicated by the discharge of water and foul matter.
For treating edema with abdominal distension, rapid breathing, and scanty urination: Shui Yin Wan Pill.
Shui Yin (Hydrargyrum, 1 liang, ground with a small amount of jujube flesh until no mercury stars remain) Tian Ting Li (Semen Lepidii seu Descurainiae, 1.5 liang, stir-fried between papers until purple) Jiao Mu (Zanthoxyli Semen, 0.5 liang, lightly stir-fried to remove oil) Fu Ping Cao (Spirodelae Herba, 0.5 liang) Hua Shi (Talcum, 2 liang).
Grind the above ingredients into powder. Grind in the Hydrargyrum until uniform. Use decoction of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus gum as a binder. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 15 pills per dose with scallion decoction, 3-4 times daily.
For treating severe edema from water qi and scanty urination:
Yuan Hua Gen (Radix Genkwae, 1 liang, crushed and lightly stir-fried).
Grind into a fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose on an empty stomach with warm water. Recovery is indicated by profuse urination.
For treating edema with irritability, thirst, and reddish, scanty urination:
Dong Gua Bai Rang (White pulp of Winter Melon, as needed).
Boil in water until cooked. Consume the juice and pulp without seasoning.
For treating edema with generalized swelling and reddish, scanty urination:
Tian Ting Li (Semen Lepidii seu Descurainiae, 2 liang, stir-fried between papers until purple).
Grind into a paste. Mix with boiled jujube flesh to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with decoction of Mori Cortex, 3-4 times daily.