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Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Formula seen in *Shang Han Lun*.)

Ban Xia Hou Po Tang
Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, one jin) Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, three liang) Fu Ling (Poria, four liang) Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, five liang) Zi Su Ye (Perillae Folium, two liang)
The above five herbs, with ten dou of water, decoct to obtain four sheng, divide into four warm doses: three times during the day and once at night.
Song says: The symptom feels like a roasted meat lump stuck in the throat, yet it is phlegm stagnation blocking qi flow; Ban Xia one sheng, Fu Ling four liang, Sheng Jiang five liang, Hou Po three liang, Zi Su Ye two liang attack it.
(Second son Chen Yuanxi) Note: In this formula, Ban Xia descends rebellious qi, Hou Po smooths qi mechanism, and Fu Ling transforms dampness; these are well known. The subtlety lies in heavily using the pungent nature of Sheng Jiang to open blockages; assisted by the aromatic Zi Su Ye to disperse stagnation; thus it can treat the symptom of feeling as if a roasted meat lump is obstructing the throat. Later generations altered the dosages to treat chest and abdominal fullness, vomiting, and rebellious qi, naming it Qi Qi Tang (Seven Qi Decoction), used to treat diseases caused by the seven emotions.

Gan Mai Da Zao Tang
Gan Cao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma, three liang) Xiao Mai (Tritici Fructus, one jin) Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, ten pieces)
The above three herbs, with six sheng of water, decoct to obtain three sheng, divide into three warm doses. It also tonifies spleen qi.
Song says: Women suffering from Zang Zao (Visceral Agitation) desire sadness, sighing long as if possessed by spirits (sighing, yawning, stretching); Xiao Mai one sheng, Gan Cao three liang, Da Zao ten pieces have equivalent power.
Wei Yun: Physicians of the world compete to discuss nourishing yin and blood, but do they know that when yin is excessive, fluids become even more depleted; when yang is deficient, yin becomes even more dry? This formula is the major method for treating dryness.

Xiao Qing Long Tang (Song seen in *Shang Han Lun*.)
Xie Xin Tang (Song seen in *Shang Han Lun*.)
Wen Jing Tang
Tu Gua Gen San
Tu Gua Root (Trichosanthes Radix) Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba or Rubra) Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) E Chong (Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga) (each three fen)
The above four herbs, pound into powder, take one cun bi with wine, three times a day.
Song says: The root of leukorrhea is due to blood stasis stagnation (menstruation does not arrive on time, causing lower abdominal fullness and pain). Seeing menstruation twice a month (since there is stasis preventing flow, the residual blood from the previous unsmooth menstruation cannot wait for the next normal cycle, hence appearing twice a month). Not following the regular cycle (Jing refers to regularity, meaning not following the standard period); Tu Gua Gen, Gui Zhi, and Shao Yao are equal in amount, harmonizing yin and yang, adhering to the classic model.
(Second son Chen Yuanxi) Note: In this formula, Gui Zhi unblocks yang qi, Shao Yao moves yin blood; when yin and yang are harmonized, the root of menstruation is rectified; Tu Gua Gen expels heat and moves stasis, E Chong crawls to drive out blood; treating the root without neglecting the branch; nothing here is not a classic of the ancient sages.

Xuan Fu Hua Tang
Xuan Fu Hua (Inulae Flos, three liang) Cong Bai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, fourteen stems) Xin Jiang (New Crimson Dye, a little)
The above three herbs, with three sheng of water, decoct to obtain one sheng, take all at once.
(Grandson Chen Xindian reports) Note: Xuan Fu Hua is salty and warm, descending qi; Xin Jiang harmonizes blood; Cong Bai unblocks yang. This formula originally treats liver qi stagnation and adhesion. For this condition, it merely indicates the principle; one should not be rigidly attached to this formula, which is why earlier experts suspected textual errors (cuo jian) in this passage.

Jiao Jiang Tang (Formula not seen; some say it is simply Gan Jiang and E Jiao decocted together. Gan Jiang is present in Qian Jin Fang's Jiao Ai Tang, which can also be used.)
Da Huang Gan Sui Tang
Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, four liang) Gan Sui (Kansui Radix) E Jiao (Asini Corii Colla) (each two liang)
The above three herbs, with three sheng of water, decoct to obtain two sheng, take all at once; the blood stasis should then descend.
Song says: Lower abdomen rises like a Dun vessel (Dun, pronounced dui. An ancient vessel. *Zhou Li*: "Qing holds blood, Dun holds food." The shape resembles the lower abdomen rising. Lower abdomen is the chamber of the uterus. Uterus is the sea of blood; its fullness and enlargement indicate blood accumulation.) Difficulty urinating (difficulty urinating without thirst also indicates blood stasis). Water and blood stasis both diffuse widely (stagnating in the blood chamber); Da Huang four liang, Gan Sui and E Jiao two liang each; taking all at once allows stasis to move and the disease to settle.
(Second son Chen Yuanxi) Note: In this formula, Da Huang attacks blood accumulation, Gan Sui attacks water accumulation. The brilliance lies in using E Jiao. Originally made from clear Ji River water, hidden underground, traveling a thousand miles to emerge from wells in ancient Dong'e County, this formula takes the meaning of using water to move water. *Nei Jing* states: Ji River internally connects with the heart; using black donkey hide to make glue, black belongs to the Kidney; water can balance fire, and when fire extinguishes, blood generates naturally. This formula takes the meaning of using tonification to promote movement. However, Gan Sui should probably be halved in dosage.

Di Dang Tang (Song seen in *Shang Han Lun*.) Master said: When women's menstruation fails to flow downward, this is indicated by pulse and symptoms being excess; otherwise, one must nourish the source of Chong and Ren meridians, and must not use purgatives.

Fan Shi Wan
Fan Shi (Alumen, three fen, calcined) Xing Ren (Pruni Semen, one fen, skin and tip removed)
The above two herbs, grind into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of a date pit, insert into the vagina. For severe cases, insert another.
Song says: Menstrual blood coagulates into masses, closed and hard; white discharge flowing occasionally is not accidental (irregular retention and discharge cause dampness in the uterus; dampness generates heat, rotting accumulated blood, causing white discharge to flow down from time to time). Fan Shi three fen, Xing Ren one fen; inserting the medicine removes the disease without delay.
Calcined Alumen drives out damp-heat and astringes to prevent collapse; assisted by the bitter and moistening Xing Ren to remove dry blood; this is an external insertion formula, yet comprehensive, showing the meticulousness of ancient methods.

Hong Lan Hua Jiu
Hong Lan Hua (Carthami Flos, one liang)
The above single herb, with one da sheng of wine, boil until reduced by half, take half at once. If not stopped, take again.
Song says: The meaning of sixty-two winds is unclear; stabbing pain in the abdomen causes hesitation; to treat wind, one must first move blood; boil one liang of Hong Lan Hua in wine to taste.
Zhang Yinan's annotation is very detailed; no further explanation needed.

Dang Gui Shao Yao San (Formula seen in the *Tai Qian* chapter.)
Xiao Jian Zhong Tang (Song seen in *Shang Han Lun*. The intent of the formula is to support the spleen to generate blood, not relying solely on formulas like Si Wu Tang.)
Shen Qi Wan
Gan Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, eight liang) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus) (each four liang)
Fu Ling (Poria) Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex) Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma) (each three liang) Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, each one liang)
The above eight herbs, grind into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of a wutong seed, take fifteen pills with wine, increasing to twenty pills, taken twice a day.
Song says: Urine obstruction turns into Bao (uterus) disease, "Bao is governed by qi" covers it all (The inside and outside of the Bao are empty; only when filled with qi does it stay in place and its ligaments remain straight; if qi is deficient, the Bao has no master, its ligaments may twist, making urination difficult.) Shan Zhu Yu and Shan Yao four liang, Gui Zhi and Fu Zi one liang, Dan Pi, Ze Xie, Fu Ling three di (parts), Gan Di Huang eight liang teach us.
The妙 (subtlety) of this formula lies in greatly tonifying kidney qi. When kidney qi is sufficient, the Bao is rectified; when the Bao is rectified, the ligaments are straight; when ligaments are straight, urinary difficulty resolves.

She Chuang Zi San
She Chuang Zi (Cnidii Fructus) alone, ground into powder, mixed with a little Bai Fen (rice powder) to blend well, formed into pills the size of a date pit, wrapped in cotton and inserted into the vagina, naturally warming.

Ye Lang Ya Tang
Ye Lang Ya (Saussureae Radix, three liang)
With four sheng of water, decoct to obtain half a sheng. Wrap cotton around a chopstick like a cocoon, dip in the decoction, and drip into the vagina, four times a day.
Song says: External signs of uterine cold show cold in the yin; inserting She Chuang Zi with rice powder brings peace (This is a good external method for warming the uterus and benefiting yang, serving as an assistant to Shen Qi Wan.) For those with sores and ulcers in the yin (caused by damp-heat and filth generating sores), is it difficult to wash with three liang of Ye Lang Ya? (Drains damp-heat, kills parasites. If Ye Lang Ya grass is unavailable, substitute with Ye Lang Du.)

Gao Fa Jian
Zhu Gao (Porci Adipis, half a jin) Luan Fa (Human Hair, size of a chicken egg, three pieces)
The above two herbs, cook together in the fat until the hair dissolves and the medicine is ready, divide into two doses, taken orally. The disease exits via urine (*Qian Jin Fang* says: A maid in the household of Tai Yi Xiao Wei Shi Tuo suffered from jaundice; after taking this, dry feces passed from the stomach, and she recovered miraculously.)
Song says: Yin Chui (flatulence from the vagina) arises from hard stools; ancient texts record eight liang of pig fat; three pills of human hair the size of a chicken egg; stop boiling when the hair dissolves and the medicine is ripe.

Disciple asked: Women's miscellaneous diseases are numerous, beyond what pen and paper can exhaust. Are not *Shang Han Lun* and *Jin Gui Yao Lue* entirely methods for gynecology? Yet few practice this, and learned scholars may criticize the collection as too narrow and incomplete. Would it not be better to continue and supplement them outside *Jin Gui*?
Answer: It cannot be continued, nor need it be. If you wish to continue, I fear you will continue it. Few words from various schools approach the Dao and are worth recording; now I select a few items below. Ultimately, the benevolent see benevolence, the wise see wisdom; those who read well know for themselves, and Xiu Yuan adds nothing more.
Chen Liangfu said: The Chong and Ren meridians in women are the sea of the meridians, circulating externally along the collaterals and nourishing internally the zang-fu organs. If yin and yang are peaceful, menstruation arrives on time; if labor and injury fail to restrain, sudden profuse bleeding occurs, leading to faintness. If the Cun pulse is slightly slow, it indicates cold in the upper jiao, causing hematemesis or epistaxis; if the Chi pulse is slightly slow, it indicates cold in the lower jiao, causing metrorrhagia or hematochezia; the method should primarily regulate and tonify the spleen and stomach. Xiu Yuan notes: Li Zhong Tang is the essential medicine. Li Dongyuan said: The sage treats diseases based on the principles of ascending, descending, floating, and sinking of the four seasons. Continuous menstrual leakage means qi and blood from the anterior yin have already descended and escaped; continuous watery diarrhea means qi and blood from the posterior yin have sunk. The posterior yin governs tangible matter; the anterior yin is the gateway of essence and qi; when both anterior and posterior yin lose substances, the patient's whole-body qi flows constantly. The command of autumn and winter governs肃杀 (clearing and storing); in the human body, yang qi floats upward, and killing qi ascends, leading to yang generation and yin growth, which is spring and summer. Once sick, whole-body qi and blood cease to grow, killing qi does not ascend; although the front may seem hot, prolonged loss in the lower jiao has transformed into cold. Prolonged sinking and descending lead to excessive cold-dampness, requiring urgent rescue. Use heat to drain cold, use dryness to drain dampness, greatly lift and raise to assist growth, tonify qi and blood to prevent hemiplegia. The sage established treatment methods saying: When dampness is excessive, balance it with what controls it; one must harmonize stomach qi and nourish primordial qi; if it does not stop, use wind herbs to overcome dampness; this is called it. Chen Liangfu said: Women with metrorrhagia and heart pain are named Sha Xue Xin Tong (Killing Blood Heart Pain), caused by heart and spleen blood deficiency. If heart pain occurs after abortion due to excessive blood loss, it is also deficiency. Use cuttlefish bone (Hai Piao Xiao) stir-fried into powder, taken with vinegar water; Shi Xiao San is also effective. Wu Shuqing said: Lu Rong Wan treats excessive menstruation with dark clotted blood, severe metrorrhagia, shortness of breath, extreme cold in the umbilical and abdominal region, sweating like rain, and fine, weak Chi pulses, caused by Chong and Ren deficiency and cold-wind invading the uterus, failing to secure qi. One can moxa Guan Yuan for one hundred burns. Danxi considered purple-black color as heat; this says dark clotted blood is due to lower jiao cold qi congealing blood into black; each has its treatment. However, women's Qi Hai is above, Blood Sea is below; thus, warming the lower jiao allows qi to rise and blood to move. Like Lu Rong, formed by blood, growing by qi, blood follows qi upward to form horns, thus entering the blood level to generate and ascend. Assisted by Fu Zi and Ai Ye to warm, stabilized by Chi Shi Zhi and Yu Liang Shi to secure, cleared by Bai Ye, tonified by Dang Gui, Di Huang, and Xu Duan; truly a complete formula for lower yuan deficiency-cold. Why not add Ren Shen? Surely there is a reason; the intent of moxa Guan Yuan can be imagined. Wu Shuqing said: Blood deficiency must be combined with qi tonification; compare blood to water and qi to a dike; if the dike is firm, water does not burst; if qi is solid, blood does not flow recklessly; this is natural law. Wu Shuqing said: Wu Ling Zhi San treats unstoppable metrorrhagia, regardless of amount, stir-fry until smoke ceases, grind into powder, take three qian with Dang Gui wine or child's urine. Also named Chou Dao San, treats postpartum lochia with unbearable heart and abdominal pain, effective as a spirit, truly a good emergency formula. Every household should keep it. It also treats snake, scorpion, and centipede bites; apply to the wound for immediate healing. Zhang Zihe said: Regarding women's leukorrhea, the theories of *Sheng Hui Fang* and Chao Shi are both incorrect. To treat disease, one must first understand the meridians. The human body has twelve main meridians and eight extraordinary vessels. The twelve meridians and eight vessels circulate throughout the body. There are twenty meridian pathways flowing up and down in a circle, day and night without rest. However, of these twelve meridians, only nineteen pathways circulate up and down. Only the Dai Mai originates from the end of the lower abdomen and hypochondrium, namely the Zhang Men acupoint, circling the whole body, crossing the waist, like a belt binding the body. *Nan Jing* says: "Dai disease feels like sitting in a well." Chong and Ren are the sea of the meridians, circulating along the abdomen and hypochondrium, beside the brain, flowing to Qi Chong, belonging to Dai Mai, connecting to Du Mai. Du Mai originates from Guan Yuan. Ren Mai is where women nurture pregnancy. Du leads the sea of women's meridians. Chong, Ren, and Du originate from the same source but travel differently, one source branching into three, all connecting to Dai Mai. Chong, Ren, and Du are all controlled by the vulva, following the genitalia, passing through the urethral and vaginal openings. Chong, Ren, and Du are bound by Dai Mai. Because other meridians go up and down, leaving heat in the Dai Mai, guest heat stagnates. Heat is blood; blood accumulates for many days without flowing, transforms according to Metal into white, riding on lower abdominal unjust heat, white substance overflows, flows down with urine, continuously without stopping, this is called white leukorrhea. Mostly painless; if painful, it is due to obstruction. *Jing* says: Lower abdominal cold and heat, urinating white fluid, Yuan means屈滞 (stagnation). The disease is not in the original meridian but formed by stagnation in other meridians; this ailment is all treated as damp-heat. Leaving heat in the Small Intestine, transforming via Metal into white, treated similarly to dysentery. Red and white dysentery is evil heat entering the Large Intestine; red and white leukorrhea is evil heat transmitting to the Small Intestine. Therefore, treating these two conditions, one must not suddenly use harsh hot herbs to dry. Drying them depletes internal water; depleted internal water causes vexation and thirst; vexation and thirst cause urinary difficulty; urinary difficulty causes foot swelling and facial edema, gradually leading to inability to rise. Treatment method: first purge with Dao Shui Yu Gong San, then use mild agents to descend heart fire, benefit kidney water, promote urination, and unblock water passages to cure. Zhang Zihe said: Red and white dysentery is evil heat entering the Large Intestine, descending to the broad intestine, exiting as red and white. Leukorrhea transmits to the Small Intestine, enters the bladder meridian, exits as red and white. Based on these two conditions, both can be treated with damp-draining methods.
Fang Yue Zhi said: Dai Mai binds all meridians, preventing reckless flow, like a person wearing a belt hanging forward. Women often suffer liver injury from depression and anger; Liver belongs to Wood, Spleen to Earth; Liver evil attacks Spleen, damaging Earth and creating dampness; dampness generates heat, heat flows, so slippery turbid substances seep into the Bladder and exit via urine. Ancients considered it damp-cold, using pungent-warm herbs was wrong! Danxi considered it damp-heat, using bitter-warm herbs was correct; but did not know to use bitter-cold for direct treatment, or pungent-warm for indirect treatment. If damp-heat stifles internally, causing abdominal pain and leukorrhea, can pungent-warm indirect treatment open and disperse it? If the lower abdomen is not painful, with upper and lower red and white leukorrhea, although there is damp-heat, qi is not stagnant, using bitter-cold treatment is appropriate. Wu Mei Po treated red and white leukorrhea using self-made Shi Liu Wei Bao Yuan Tang: Gu Sui Bu, Guan Zhong (de-hair) three qian, Du Zhong, Xiao Hui Xiang (salt-water stir-fried) each one qian five fen, Ren Shen, Ba Ji each two qian, Huang Qi, Dang Gui, Shan Yao, Du Huo, Lian Rui Xu each one qian, Shi Hu, Sheng Ma, Fu Ling each seven fen, Gan Cao six fen, Huang Bo eight fen, Gui Yuan Rou two pieces. Another formula uses Liu Long Gu Ben Wan: Shan Yao, Ba Ji Rou, Shan Zhu Rou each four liang, Chuan Lian Zi, Bu Gu Zhi (soaked in green salt water three qian), Ren Shen, Lian Rou, Huang Qi each two liang, Xiao Hui Xiang, Chuan Xiong, Mu Gua each one liang. Zhang Lu Yu said: Chong is the sea of blood, which is the blood chamber. When Chong Mai receives heat, it forces blood downward; men also have this condition, not just women. *Jin Gui Yao Lue · Water Qi Chapter* asks: What are blood division and water division? Master said: If menstruation stops first, then water disease appears, it is called blood water, this disease is difficult to treat; if water disease appears first, then menstruation stops, it is called water division, this disease is easy to treat. Why? Remove the water, and menstruation will flow naturally. Wang Shi Shan said: Whenever menstruation stops first then water disease appears, Shao Yin pulse is deep and slippery; deep indicates interior, slippery indicates excess; deep and slippery interact, blood knots in the womb gate, making blood division difficult to treat. If water disease appears first then menstruation stops, Shao Yang pulse is firm, Shao Yin pulse is fine; men have urinary difficulty, women have amenorrhea; flowing menstruation is blood, difficult urine is water, named water division, easy to treat. This is due to spleen and lung deficiency-cold, unable to regulate water passages, transport downward to the bladder, the command of infiltration and excretion does not function, the qi of transformation and generation does not turn. Dongyuan said: Water drink retention, if soil is in rain becomes mud, getting harmonious qi and warm sun, water and dampness leave and all things grow naturally; use Modified Shen Qi Wan, Gui Pi Tang, Liu Jun Zi Tang plus Mu Xiang, Pao Jiang, Rou Gui.