钱乙论寒热相反云∶京东转运使李公有孙八岁，病嗽而胸满短气。医者言肺经有热，用竹叶汤、牛黄膏各
二服治之，三日加喘。钱曰∶此肺气不足，复有寒邪。即使喘满，当补肺脾，勿服凉药。李曰∶医已用竹叶汤、
牛黄膏。钱曰∶何治也？医曰∶退热退涎。钱曰∶何热所作？曰∶肺经热而生嗽，嗽久不除生涎。钱曰∶本虚
而风寒所作，何热也？若作肺热，何不治其肺而反调心。盖竹叶汤、牛黄膏治心药也。医有惭色，钱治愈。
《千金》紫菀汤 治小儿中冷及感寒，暴嗽或上气喉咽鸣，气逆或鼻塞、清水出者方。
紫菀 杏仁 黄芩 当归 甘草（炙。各半两） 麻
黄桂心 橘皮 青木香（各六铢） 大黄（一两《婴孺》方用一两半）
上十味 咀，以水三升，煮取九合，去滓。六十日至百日儿一服二合半，一百日至二百日儿一服三合。
《千金》五味子汤 治小儿风冷入肺，上气、气逆面青，喘迫咳嗽，昼夜不息，食则吐、不下方。
五味子 当归（各半两） 干姜 桂心（各六铢） 细辛（三铢） 人参 紫菀 甘草（各六铢） 款
冬花（三铢） 大黄（一两半） 麻黄（六铢。《婴孺》方用半两）
上十一味 咀，以水二升半，煮取九合，去滓。儿六十日至百日，一服二合半。一百日至二百日，一服三
合。其大黄别浸一宿下。（一方无款冬花、大黄，有大枣三枚。）
《千金》治小儿暴冷嗽及积风冷嗽，兼气逆鸣。菖蒲丸方
菖蒲 乌头（炮，去皮尖） 杏仁 矾石 细辛 皂荚（各六铢） 款冬花 干姜（炮） 桂心 紫菀（各
十八铢） 蜀椒（五铢） 吴茱萸（六合）
上十二味末之，蜜丸如桐子大。三岁儿饮服五丸，加至十丸，日三。儿小以意减之，儿大以意加之。暴嗽
数服便瘥。
太医局润肺散 治小儿寒壅相交，肺气不利，咳嗽喘急，
语声不出，痰涎壅塞，胸膈烦满，鼻塞清涕，咽喉干痛。
麻黄（去根节） 人参（去芦头。各二两） 贝母（去心，麸炒
黄） 杏仁（汤浸，去皮尖，焙令干，麸炒黄。各二两半） 甘草（炙，锉，一两） 陈橘皮（汤
浸，去白，一分） 桔梗 阿胶（炒令黄。各半两）
上件同杵，罗为细末。每服一钱，水八分，煎六分，去滓温服，食后。
太医局华盖散 治小儿肺感寒邪，咳嗽上气，胸膈烦满，项背拘急，声重鼻塞，头昏目眩，痰气
不利，呀呷有声。
紫苏子（隔纸炒） 麻黄（去根节，汤浴过） 杏仁（去皮尖，炒） 桑白皮（蜜炙） 赤茯苓（去
皮） 陈皮（去白。各半两） 甘草（炙，一分）
上七味为末。每服一钱，水一小盏，煎至五分，去滓，温温服。
太医局人参半夏丸 治小儿肺胃受冷，咳嗽气急，胸膈痞满，喉中呀呷，呕吐涎沫，乳食不下。亦治疟嗽。
人参（去芦头） 细辛（去苗） 陈橘皮（各二两） 丁香 半夏（汤浸七次，切，焙） 浓朴（去粗皮。各四两）
上为细末，用生姜汁打面糊和丸如麻子大。三岁儿服二十丸。生姜汤下，食后服。量儿大小加减。
《婴孺》治少小肺冷嗽，呼吸多要得于寒者。紫菀丸方
紫菀（三分） 矾石（烧） 桂心（各二分）
上为末，鸡子黄和丸小豆大。乳送三丸，大人七丸，日三。常用良。
《婴孺》治小儿风冷入肺。嗽，日夜不息。昼或小瘥，至夜即甚，食饮不下。五味汤方
五味子 甘草（炙） 当归 人参 麻黄（去节） 紫菀 桂心 款冬花（各三分） 细辛 地
黄（各一分） 枣（二十枚，劈）
上水三升，先煮麻黄去沫，下药煮一升。一服二合，小儿一合。
钱乙百部丸 治小儿肺寒、壅嗽微喘。
百部（焙干，秤） 麻黄（去节，先作末。各三分） 杏仁（四十粒，去皮尖，微炒，煮三、五沸，研入药）
上拌和匀，熟蜜为丸皂子大。温水化下三、二丸，无时，日三、四。此本方也。仲阳加松子仁五十个，糖
丸之，含化大妙。
张涣木香半夏丹 治小儿胃寒，咳嗽。
木香 半夏（汤浸七次，焙干） 肉豆蔻（各一两） 藿香叶 丁香 白术（炮。各半两）
上件捣，罗为细末，取生姜自然汁和如黍米大。每服十粒，煎人参汤下。量儿大小以意加减。
《惠眼观证》皂荚丸 治小儿冷嗽。
皂荚（不 者，炙） 肉桂（去皮） 白姜（炮）
上等分为末，炼蜜为丸如○此大。每服五丸，大小加减，熟水吞下。
《王氏手集》紫苏杏仁散 治小儿感寒，肺气壅滞，壮热咳嗽，鼻塞清涕，语声不出，胸膈膨胀，
痰实呕逆，咽嗌疼痛，烦渴喘急。
紫苏（炙） 杏仁（各炒） 甘草（炙） 麻黄（去节。各等分）
上为粗末。每服一钱，水六分，煎至三分，去滓。食后温服。
《王氏手集》润肺膏丸 治小儿寒壅咳嗽。
水蓼 桑钭 覆盆子 枸杞子（各半两） 皂儿（炮） 杜茴香 生姜 甘草（各一两） 京三棱（炮） 胡
桃（十个）
上为细末，炼蜜为丸，一两作八十丸，细嚼，温熟水下。儿小白汤化下。
《王氏手集》五味子膏 调匀小儿肺胃，止咳嗽呕逆，中寒喘满，可思乳食。
五味子 人参 白术 官桂 干姜
上各等分为细末，炼蜜为丸，一两作八十丸。每服一丸，沸汤化下，日三、四服。
《吉氏家传》治小儿一切寒嗽。
川乌（大者，炮，去皮尖）
上为细末，用生姜自然汁为丸如小绿豆大。每服七丸或十丸，大人亦可服。熟水下，朱砂为衣。
Qian Yi discussed the contradiction between cold and heat, stating: The grandson of Li Gong, the Transport Commissioner of Jingdong, aged eight, suffered from cough with chest fullness and shortness of breath. The physician diagnosed heat in the Lung Meridian (Lung Channel) and administered two doses each of Zhuye Tang (Bamboo Leaf Decoction) and Niuhuang Gao (Calculus Bovis Paste). After three days, wheezing worsened. Qian Yi said: This is deficiency of Lung Qi accompanied by pathogenic Cold. It causes wheezing and fullness; one should tonify the Lung and Spleen and avoid cooling medicines. Li Gong replied: The physician has already used Zhuye Tang and Niuhuang Gao. Qian Yi asked: What treatment is this? The physician said: To clear heat and resolve phlegm-saliva. Qian Yi asked: What heat caused it? The physician said: Heat in the Lung Meridian generates cough; prolonged cough not resolving generates phlegm-saliva. Qian Yi said: It is originally a deficiency pattern caused by Wind-Cold, where is the heat? If it were Lung Heat, why treat the Heart instead of the Lung? For Zhuye Tang and Niuhuang Gao are medicines that treat the Heart. The physician showed signs of shame, and Qian Yi cured the patient.
Ziwan Tang (Aster Root Decoction) from *Qianjin Fang* treats children suffering from internal Cold and external Cold invasion, sudden cough, or rebellious Qi with throat rattling, airway obstruction, nasal congestion, or discharge of clear fluid.
*Aster Radix et Rhizoma*, *Prunus Armeniaca Seed*, *Scutellariae Radix*, *Angelicae Sinensis Radix*, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (honey-fried, each 0.5 liang), *Ephedrae Herba*, *Cinnamomi Ramulus*, *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium*, *Aucklandiae Radix* (each 6 zhu), *Rhei Radix et Rhizoma* (1 liang; in *Yingru* formula, 1.5 liang).
The above ten ingredients are chopped, decocted in 3 sheng of water to obtain 9 he, strained. Infants aged 60-100 days take 2.5 he per dose; infants aged 100-200 days take 3 he per dose.
Wuweizi Tang (Schisandra Decoction) from *Qianjin Fang* treats Wind-Cold invading the Lung in children, causing rebellious Qi, cyanotic face, urgent wheezing and coughing day and night, vomiting upon eating, and constipation.
*Schisandrae Fructus*, *Angelicae Sinensis Radix* (each 0.5 liang), *Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*, *Cinnamomi Ramulus* (each 6 zhu), *Asari Radix* (3 zhu), *Ginseng Radix*, *Aster Radix et Rhizoma*, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (each 6 zhu), *Farfarae Flos* (3 zhu), *Rhei Radix et Rhizoma* (1.5 liang), *Ephedrae Herba* (6 zhu; in *Yingru* formula, 0.5 liang).
The above eleven ingredients are chopped, decocted in 2.5 sheng of water to obtain 9 he, strained. Infants aged 60-100 days take 2.5 he per dose; infants aged 100-200 days take 3 he per dose. The *Rhei Radix et Rhizoma* should be soaked overnight before adding. (Another version excludes *Farfarae Flos* and *Rhei Radix et Rhizoma*, but includes three dates.)
Changpu Wan (Acorus Pill) from *Qianjin Fang* treats sudden Cold cough and accumulated Wind-Cold cough in children, accompanied by rebellious Qi and rattling sounds.
*Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma*, *Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata* (processed, skin and tip removed), *Prunus Armeniaca Seed*, *Alumen*, *Asari Radix*, *Gleditsiae Fructus* (each 6 zhu), *Farfarae Flos*, *Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens* (processed), *Cinnamomi Ramulus*, *Aster Radix et Rhizoma* (each 18 zhu), *Sichuan Pepper* (5 zhu), *Evodiae Fructus* (6 he).
The above twelve ingredients are powdered, mixed with honey to form pills the size of *Koelreuteria* seeds. Children aged three years take five pills with warm water, increasing to ten pills, three times daily. Reduce dosage for younger children and increase for older ones. Sudden coughs often resolve after a few doses.
Runfei San (Lung-Moistening Powder) from the Imperial Medical Bureau treats Cold stagnation intersecting in children, leading to impaired Lung Qi, coughing, urgent wheezing, loss of voice, phlegm-saliva obstruction, chest and diaphragm irritability and fullness, nasal congestion with clear runny nose, and dry, painful throat.
*Ephedrae Herba* (roots and joints removed), *Ginseng Radix* (rhizome removed, each 2 liang), *Fritillariae Bulbus* (core removed, stir-fried with bran until yellow), *Prunus Armeniaca Seed* (soaked in hot water, skin and tip removed, dried, stir-fried with bran until yellow, 2.5 liang), *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (honey-fried, cut, 1 liang), *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (soaked in hot water, white pith removed, 1 fen), *Platycodonis Radix*, *Colla Corii Asini* (stir-fried until yellow, each 0.5 liang).
The above ingredients are crushed together, sifted into a fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct in 0.8 sheng of water to 0.6 sheng, strain, and take warm after meals.
Huagai San (Hua盖 Powder) from the Imperial Medical Bureau treats children whose Lungs have been invaded by Cold pathogens, resulting in cough, rebellious Qi, chest and diaphragm irritability and fullness, stiffness and tension in the neck and back, heavy voice, nasal congestion, dizziness, blurred vision, obstructed Qi and phlegm, and audible breathing sounds.
*Perillae Fructus* (stir-fried between papers), *Ephedrae Herba* (roots and joints removed, washed in hot water), *Prunus Armeniaca Seed* (skin and tip removed, stir-fried), *Mori Cortex* (honey-fried), *Poria Cocos* (red variety, skin removed), *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (white pith removed, each 0.5 liang), *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (honey-fried, 1 fen).
The above seven ingredients are powdered. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct in one small cup of water to 0.5 sheng, strain, and take warm.
Renshen Banxia Wan (Ginseng and Pinellia Pill) from the Imperial Medical Bureau treats Cold affecting the Lung and Stomach in children, causing cough, urgent breathing, chest and diaphragm stuffiness and fullness, rattling sounds in the throat, vomiting of phlegm-saliva, and inability to suck milk or eat. It also treats malaria-induced cough.
*Ginseng Radix* (rhizome removed), *Asari Radix* (herbs removed), *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (each 2 liang), *Symplocos Fructus*, *Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum* (soaked in hot water seven times, sliced, dried), *Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex* (rough bark removed, each 4 liang).
The above are made into a fine powder, mixed with ginger juice and wheat paste to form pills the size of sesame seeds. Three-year-old children take twenty pills. Take with ginger decoction after meals. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Ziwan Wan (Aster Root Pill) from *Yingru* treats pulmonary Cold cough in young children, where respiration often requires exposure to cold.
*Aster Radix et Rhizoma* (3 fen), *Alumen* (calcined), *Cinnamomi Ramulus* (each 2 fen).
The above are powdered, mixed with egg yolk to form pills the size of mung beans. Administer three pills with breast milk, seven pills for adults, three times daily. This is commonly effective.
Wuwu Tang (Five Flavor Decoction) from *Yingru* treats Wind-Cold invading the Lung in children, causing cough day and night without cessation. Symptoms may improve slightly during the day but worsen at night, with difficulty eating and drinking.
*Schisandrae Fructus*, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (honey-fried), *Angelicae Sinensis Radix*, *Ginseng Radix*, *Ephedrae Herba* (joints removed), *Aster Radix et Rhizoma*, *Cinnamomi Ramulus*, *Farfarae Flos* (each 3 fen), *Asari Radix*, *Rehmanniae Radix* (each 1 fen), Dates (twenty, split).
Add three sheng of water, first boil *Ephedrae Herba* to remove foam, then add other herbs and boil to obtain one sheng. Take 2 he per dose, children take 1 he.
Baibu Wan (Stemona Pill) by Qian Yi treats Pulmonary Cold in children, characterized by obstructive cough and slight wheezing.
*Stemonae Radix* (dried by baking, weighed), *Ephedrae Herba* (joints removed, first made into powder, each 3 fen), *Prunus Armeniaca Seed* (forty grains, skin and tip removed, lightly stir-fried, boiled for three to five boils, ground and added to the medicine).
Mix evenly, form pills the size of soap pods using refined honey. Dissolve three or two pills in warm water, taken at any time, three to four times daily. This is the original formula. Zhongyang added fifty pine nuts, formed into sugar pills; holding them in the mouth yields excellent results.
Muxiang Banxia Dan (Aucklandia and Pinellia Pill) by Zhang Huan treats Stomach Cold in children, causing cough.
*Aucklandiae Radix*, *Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum* (soaked in hot water seven times, dried), *Myristicae Semen* (each 1 liang), *Agastaches Herba*, *Symplocos Fructus*, *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma* (processed, each 0.5 liang).
Crush the above ingredients, sift into a fine powder, mix with fresh ginger juice to form pills the size of millet seeds. Take ten pills per dose, with Ginseng decoction. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Zaojiao Wan (Gleditsia Pill) from *Huiyan Guanzheng* treats Cold cough in children.
*Gleditsiae Fructus* (non-bitten, roasted), *Cinnamomi Cortex* (skin removed), *Zingiberis Rhizoma* (processed).
Grind equally into powder, refine honey to form pills the size of a bullet. Take five pills per dose, adjusting for age/size, swallow with warm water.
Zisu Xingren San (Perilla and Apricot Kernel Powder) from *Wangshi Shouji* treats Cold invasion in children, causing Lung Qi stagnation, high fever, cough, nasal congestion with clear runny nose, loss of voice, chest and diaphragm distension, phlegm-solidity with vomiting and reflux, pharyngeal pain, irritability, thirst, and urgent wheezing.
*Perillae Folium* (roasted), *Prunus Armeniaca Seed* (stir-fried, each equal part), *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (honey-fried), *Ephedrae Herba* (joints removed, equal parts).
Make into coarse powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct in 0.6 sheng of water to 0.3 sheng, strain. Take warm after meals.
Runfei Gaowan (Lung-Moistening Paste Pill) from *Wangshi Shouji* treats Cold stagnation cough in children.
*Polygoni Hydropiperis Herba*, *Mori Cortex*, *Rubi Chinenesis Fructus*, *Lycii Fructus* (each 0.5 liang), *Gleditsiae Fructus* (processed), *Foeniculi Fructus*, *Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (each 1 liang), *Bupleuri Radix* (processed), *Juglandis Semen* (ten).
Grind into fine powder, refine honey to form pills, making eighty pills from one liang. Chew thoroughly, take with warm cooked water. Younger children dissolve in white soup.
Wuweizi Gao (Schisandra Paste) from *Wangshi Shouji* harmonizes the Lung and Stomach in children, stops cough and vomiting/reflux, treats Cold-induced wheezing and fullness, and restores appetite for milk and food.
*Schisandrae Fructus*, *Ginseng Radix*, *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*, *Cinnamomi Cortex* (official grade), *Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*.
Grind each ingredient equally into fine powder, refine honey to form pills, making eighty pills from one liang. Take one pill per dose, dissolve in boiling water, three to four times daily.
Zhi Xiao'er Yiqie Hansou (Treatment for All Types of Cold Cough in Children) from *Jishi Jiazhan*.
*Aconiti Radix* (large ones, processed, skin and tip removed).
Grind into fine powder, use fresh ginger juice to form pills the size of small mung beans. Take seven or ten pills per dose; adults may also take them. Swallow with warm water, coated with Cinnabar.