《圣惠》∶夫小儿水谷利者，由寒温失宜，乳哺不节，或当风解脱，血气俱虚，为风冷所伤，留连在于肌肉，
因其脾胃不和，大肠虚弱，风邪入于肠胃，肠胃既虚，不能制于水谷，故变为下利也。
《千金》温中大黄汤 治小儿暴冷，水谷下，或乳冷下，青结不消，或冷实吐下，干呕烦闷，及冷滞赤白下者
良。若已服诸利汤去实，胃中虚冷，下如水，干呕，眼陷，烦扰，不宜利者，可除大黄。若中乳，乳母洗浴，水
气未消，饮儿为霍乱者，但用大黄也。小儿诸霍乱宜利者，便用大黄；不消利宜温和者，则除之方。
大黄（六分） 干姜（炮） 桂心 浓朴（姜制） 甘草（炙。各一分） 当归 人参 茯苓 白术（炮。各二分）
桔梗（三分）
上十味 咀，以水二升半煮取八合。凡儿三十日至六十日，一服二合。七十日至一百日，一服二合半。二
百日以来，服三合。
《千金》治卒大下利热，唇干口燥，呕逆引饮，泻心汤方
人参 甘草（炙） 黄芩 橘皮 栝蒌根（各一两） 黄连（二两） 半夏（三两，洗去滑） 干姜（炮，一两半）
上八味 咀，以水六升，煮取二升，分三服（胡治云∶治老小利，水谷不化，腹中雷鸣，心下痞满，干呕不安，无
橘皮、栝萎；若寒，加附子一枚；渴，加栝萎一两；呕，加橘皮一两；痛，加当归一两；仲景用大枣十二枚。）
《圣惠》治小儿水谷利，羸瘦面黄，不欲饮食。浓朴散方
浓朴（去粗皮，涂生姜汁，炙令香熟） 龙骨 黄连（去须，微炒。各半两） 丁香 当归（锉，微炒） 木香 白
术肉豆蔻（各一两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每服以粥饮调下半钱，日三、四服。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿水谷利不止，羸瘦腹胀，不欲饮食，调中散方
木香（半两） 浓朴（去粗皮，涂生姜汁，炙令香熟） 黄连（去须，微炒。各一两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏，煎至六分，去滓，不计时候。量儿大小分减服之。
《圣惠》又方
当归（锉，微炒） 诃黎勒（煨，用皮。各一两） 白术（三分）
上件捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸如绿豆大。不计时候，以粥饮下七丸。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》又方
白矾（一两，烧令汁尽） 诃黎勒（煨，用皮，半两） 醋石榴皮（三分，锉，微炒）
上件药捣，罗为末，炼蜜和丸如绿豆大。不计时候，以粥饮下五丸。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿水谷利，日夜不止，地榆散方
地榆（微炙，锉） 浓朴（去粗皮，涂生姜汁，火炙令香熟。各三分） 黄连（一两，去须，微炒） 阿胶（半两，
捣碎，炒令黄色）
上件药捣，细罗为散。不计时候，以粥饮调下半钱。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》又方
干枣（十颗，去核） 胡粉（一两）
上件药相和，捣为一饼子，急火中烧令赤，取出，置地上，以碗合之，勿令透气，待冷，细研为散。不计
时候，以粥饮调下半钱。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿水谷利，腹痛，神效木香散方
木香（半两） 诃梨勒（煨，用皮，三分） 龙骨 黄连（去须，微炒） 当归（锉，微炒） 赤芍药（微炒。各
一两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏，煎至五分，去滓，温服，不计时候。量儿大小分减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿水谷利不止龙骨散方
白龙骨 白石脂 黄连（去须，微炒） 胡粉（炒令黄。各三分） 干姜（半两，炮裂，锉）
上件药捣，细罗为散。不计时候，以粥饮调下半钱。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》又方
赤石脂（一两） 附子（炮裂，去皮脐） 干姜（炮裂，锉） 橡实 当归（锉，微炒。各半两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。不计时候，以粥饮调下半钱。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿水谷利，日夜略不暂止。橡子散方
橡实（二两，微炒） 干柏叶（半两，微炙）
上件药捣，细罗为散。不计时候，以水煮乌梅汁调下半钱。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》又方
上以诃梨勒煨，用皮二两，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸如麻子大。每服以温水研化五丸，日三、四服。量儿大小以意加减。
太医局胃风汤 治大人、小儿风冷乘虚入客肠胃，水谷不化，泄泻注下，腹胁满，肠鸣 痛，及肠胃湿毒，下
如豆汁，或下瘀血，日夜无度，并宜服之方。
人参（去芦头） 白茯苓（去皮） 芎 桂皮（去粗皮） 当归（去苗） 白芍药 白术（以上等分）
上为粗散。每服二钱，以水一大盏，入粟米百余粒，同煎七分，去滓。稍热服，空心食前，小儿量力减之。
《婴孺》治小儿水谷痢，及无问老小、日夜百余行方。
橡斗子（一升，炒） 干楮叶（二两，炙）
上为末，以水煮乌梅汁，下方寸匕，日再服。仍取少许精羊肉裹药，内下部中，痢出更纳之。
张涣肉豆蔻丹 治泄泻，水谷不消方。
肉豆蔻 木香（各一两） 青橘皮（半两，炒黄） 黑牵牛（一分，微炒）
上件捣罗为末，滴水丸如黍米大。每服十粒，生姜米饮下。量儿大小加减。
《刘氏家传》治小儿冷滑泻痢，水食全出，没石子丸方
没石子（两枚，炮） 诃梨勒（炮，用皮） 干姜（炮） 乌梅肉 枯矾（以上各等分）
上为末，面糊为丸如小绿豆大。温饭饮送下。
长沙医者丁时发传降仙丹 治小儿水谷不分，泄泻，及赤白脓血痢，腹痛不可忍方
硫黄 焰硝（各研二味，以黑瓷瓦盏，慢火煞成汁，便取出，研匀细） 五灵脂（水洗去砂石，澄，焙干，取末）
白矾（ 。各二钱半）
上四味研匀，软饭为丸如小绿豆大。每服二十粒，粟米饮吞下，大小加减。赤白痢，罂粟壳煎汤下。水泻，
冷水下。下脓血痢，甘草乌梅汤下。忌生毒物等。
*Shenghui Fang*: The so-called infantile water-and-grain diarrhea is caused by improper regulation of cold and warmth, irregular breastfeeding, or exposure to wind after removing clothes in the open air, leading to a deficiency of both blood and qi. The pathogenic factor of wind-cold invades and lingers in the muscles. Due to disharmony of the spleen and stomach and weakness of the large intestine, wind pathogens enter the intestines and stomach. Since the intestines and stomach are weak and cannot control food and fluids, diarrhea ensues.
*Qianjin Fang* Wenzhong Dahuang Decoction: Treats sudden coldness in infants causing immediate passage of undigested food and fluid, or diarrhea due to overly cold milk, with green, clumped, indigestible stools; or vomiting and diarrhea due to cold accumulation, accompanied by dry heaving, irritability, and mixed cold-heat dysentery (red and white discharge). It is effective. If other antidiarrheal decoctions have already been taken to remove excess pathogens, but the stomach remains deficient and cold, with watery diarrhea, dry heaving, sunken eyes, and restlessness, purgation should be avoided; thus, Rhubarb (Dahuang) should be omitted. If the infant suffers from Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome) because the nursing mother bathed and fed the baby before her body heat had normalized, only Rhubarb (Dahuang) is needed. For infantile Huoluan cases suitable for purgation, use Rhubarb (Dahuang); for those unsuitable for purgation and requiring mild treatment, omit it.
Rhubarb (Dahuang) (6 fen), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) (processed), Cinnamon Heart (Guixin), Magnolia Bark (Noupu) (prepared with ginger juice), Licorice Root (Gancao) (roasted, each 1 fen), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui), Ginseng (Renshen), Poria (Fuling), Atractylodes Macrocephala (Baizhu) (processed, each 2 fen), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng) (3 fen).
The above ten ingredients are chopped. Boil in 2.5 sheng of water until reduced to 8 he. For infants aged 30 to 60 days, administer 2 he per dose. For infants aged 70 to 100 days, administer 2.5 he per dose. For infants over 200 days, administer 3 he per dose.
*Qianjin Fang* Xiexin Tang Formula for treating sudden severe diarrhea with heat, dry lips and mouth, vomiting with thirst:
Ginseng (Renshen), Licorice Root (Gancao) (roasted), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin), Tangerine Peel (Jupi), Trichosanthes Root (Gualougen) (each 1 liang), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (2 liang), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) (3 liang, washed to remove slipperiness), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) (processed, 1.5 liang).
The above eight ingredients are chopped. Boil in 6 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Divide into three doses. (Hu Zhi states: Treats diarrhea in elderly and children where food and fluid are not digested, borborygmus in the abdomen, epigastric fullness and stuffiness, dry heaving and discomfort. Omit Tangerine Peel (Jupi) and Trichosanthes Root (Gualougen); if there is aversion to cold, add one Aconite Root (Fuzi); if thirsty, add 1 liang of Trichosanthes Root (Gualougen); if vomiting, add 1 liang of Tangerine Peel (Jupi); if painful, add 1 liang of Angelica Sinensis (Danggui); Zhang Zhongjing's original formula uses twelve Jujubes (Dazao).)
*Shenghui Fang* Noupou San Formula for treating infantile water-and-grain diarrhea with emaciation, yellowish complexion, and anorexia:
Magnolia Bark (Noupu) (remove coarse bark, coat with ginger juice, roast until fragrant), Dragon Bone (Longgu), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (remove roots, slightly stir-fry, each half liang), Clove (Dingxiang), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui) (chopped, slightly stir-fry), Aucklandia Root (Muxiang), Atractylodes Macrocephala (Baizhu), Nutmeg (Roudoukou) (each 1 liang).
Grind the above herbs into a fine powder. Mix half a qian with rice broth for administration. Take three to four times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
*Shenghui Fang* Tiaozhong San Formula for treating persistent infantile water-and-grain diarrhea with emaciation, abdominal distension, and anorexia:
Aucklandia Root (Muxiang) (half liang), Magnolia Bark (Noupu) (remove coarse bark, coat with ginger juice, roast until fragrant), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (remove roots, slightly stir-fry, each 1 liang).
Grind the above herbs into a coarse powder. Take one qian per dose. Boil in a small cup of water until reduced to 60%. Strain. Administer at any time. Reduce dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Another Formula:
Angelica Sinensis (Danggui) (chopped, slightly stir-fry), Chebula Fruit (Helile) (roasted, use peel only, each 1 liang), Atractylodes Macrocephala (Baizhu) (3 fen).
Grind the above herbs into a fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of mung beans. Take seven pills with rice broth at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Another Formula:
Alum (Bai Fan) (1 liang, calcined until liquid evaporates), Chebula Fruit (Helile) (roasted, use peel only, half liang), Vinegar-treated Pomegranate Peel (Cu Shiliupi) (3 fen, chopped, slightly stir-fried).
Grind the above herbs into a fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of mung beans. Take five pills with rice broth at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Diyü San Formula for treating infantile water-and-grain diarrhea that persists day and night:
Sanguisorba Root (Diyu) (slightly roasted, chopped), Magnolia Bark (Noupu) (remove coarse bark, coat with ginger juice, roast until fragrant, each 3 fen), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (1 liang, remove roots, slightly stir-fried), Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao) (half liang, crushed, fried until yellow).
Grind the above herbs into a fine powder. Mix half a qian with rice broth for administration at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Another Formula:
Dried Jujube (Ganzao) (ten pieces, pitted), Lead White (Hufen) (1 liang).
Mix the above ingredients, pound into a cake, and burn in a fierce fire until red-hot. Remove and place on the ground, cover with a bowl to prevent air leakage. Once cooled, grind finely into a powder. Mix half a qian with rice broth for administration at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Shenxiao Muxiang San Formula for treating infantile water-and-grain diarrhea with abdominal pain:
Aucklandia Root (Muxiang) (half liang), Chebula Fruit (Helile) (roasted, use peel only, 3 fen), Dragon Bone (Longgu), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (remove roots, slightly stir-fried), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui) (chopped, slightly stir-fried), Red Peony Root (Chishaoyao) (slightly stir-fried, each 1 liang).
Grind the above herbs into a coarse powder. Take one qian per dose. Boil in a small cup of water until reduced to 50%. Strain and take warm at any time. Reduce dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Longgu San Formula for treating persistent infantile water-and-grain diarrhea:
White Dragon Bone (Bailonggu), White Alunite (Baishizhi), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) (remove roots, slightly stir-fried), Lead White (Hufen) (fried until yellow, each 3 fen), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) (half liang, processed until cracked, chopped).
Grind the above herbs into a fine powder. Mix half a qian with rice broth for administration at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Another Formula:
Red Kaolin (Chishizhi) (1 liang), Processed Aconite Root (Fuzi) (processed, skin and navel removed), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) (processed, chopped), Acorn (Xiangshi), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui) (chopped, slightly stir-fried, each half liang).
Grind the above herbs into a fine powder. Mix half a qian with rice broth for administration at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Xiangzi San Formula for treating infantile water-and-grain diarrhea that persists day and night without pause:
Acorn (Xiangshi) (2 liang, slightly stir-fried), Dried Cypress Leaf (Ganbaiye) (half liang, slightly roasted).
Grind the above herbs into a fine powder. Mix half a qian with boiled sour plum juice for administration at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
*Shenghui Fang* Another Formula:
Roast two liang of Chebula Fruit (Helile) peel, grind into a fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of sesame seeds. Dissolve five pills in warm water and take. Administer three to four times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
Taiyi Bureau Weifeng Tang: Treats wind-cold invading the intestines and stomach due to deficiency, causing undigested food and fluid, profuse diarrhea, abdominal and hypochondriac fullness, borborygmus, and pain; as well as intestinal and gastric damp-toxin causing discharge resembling bean curd dregs or dark blood, occurring day and night without limit. This formula is suitable for all such conditions.
Ginseng (Renshen) (remove rhizome head), White Poria (Baifuling) (remove skin), Szechwan Lovage Root (Xiong), Cinnamon Bark (Guipi) (remove coarse bark), Angelica Sinensis (Danggui) (remove sprouts), White Peony Root (Baishaoyao), Atractylodes Macrocephala (Baizhu) (equal parts).
Process into a coarse powder. Take two qian per dose. Add over one hundred grains of millet to a large cup of water. Decoct together until reduced to 70%. Strain. Take slightly warm, on an empty stomach before meals. Reduce dosage for children according to their strength.
*Yingru Shu* Formula for treating infantile water-and-grain dysentery, regardless of age, with more than one hundred bowel movements per day:
Chestnut Burrs (Xiangdouzi) (1 sheng, stir-fried), Dried Paper Mulberry Leaves (Ganchuye) (2 liang, roasted).
Grind into powder. Boil sour plum juice in water. Take one fangcunbi (a square-inch measure) per dose. Take twice daily. Additionally, wrap some of the powder in lean mutton meat and insert it into the anus. Re-insert after each episode of dysentery.
Zhang Huan Roudoukou Dan: Formula for treating diarrhea where food and fluid are not digested.
Nutmeg (Roudoukou), Aucklandia Root (Muxiang) (each 1 liang), Green Tangerine Peel (Qingjupi) (half liang, stir-fried until yellow), Black Morning Glory Seed (Heiqianniu) (1 fen, slightly stir-fried).
Grind into powder. Mix with drops of water to form pills the size of millet seeds. Take ten pills per dose with ginger-infused rice drink. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
*Liu Family Collection* Meishi Zi Wan Formula for treating infantile cold slippery diarrhea and dysentery where food and water are completely expelled:
Myrobalan (Meishi Zi) (two pieces, processed), Chebula Fruit (Helile) (processed, use peel only), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) (processed), Dried Sour Plum Flesh (Wumei Rou), Calcined Alum (Kufan) (equal parts).
Grind into powder. Mix with wheat paste to form pills the size of small mung beans. Take with warm rice drink.
Jiangxian Dan transmitted by Ding Shifa, a physician from Changsha: Formula for treating infantile inability to distinguish food and fluid, diarrhea, and red-white purulent bloody dysentery with unbearable abdominal pain.
Sulfur (Liuhuang), Saltpeter (Yanxiao) (grind separately, place in a black porcelain tile cup, slowly heat until melted, then remove and grind uniformly fine), Trogopterus Dung (Wulingzhi) (wash with water to remove sand and stones, clarify, bake dry, take powder), Alum (Baifan) (each 2.5 qian).
Grind the above four ingredients uniformly. Mix with soft rice to form pills the size of small mung beans. Take twenty pills per dose swallowed with millet drink. Adjust dosage according to age and size. For red-white dysentery, take with Poppy Shell (Yingsuke) decoction. For watery diarrhea, take with cold water. For purulent bloody dysentery, take with Licorice Root (Gancao) and Sour Plum (Wumei) decoction. Avoid raw and toxic substances.