《巢氏病源》热渴候∶小儿血气盛者，则腑脏生热，热则脏燥，故令渴。
《小方脉》论小儿渴病，其病吃水太多，腹胀后泻。此病吃水不归小肠，却入大肠，大肠受五谷不受水；小
肠受水不受五谷。此病皆惜抱损得心脏热，心与小肠合，小肠亦受热。小肠气热，其气上行奔胃口，致孩子吃
水，其水待奔小肠，被小肠气热渗泄不及，转入大肠。如医先下淋药，后下凉心脏药，然后止渴乃效。
《经验方》治大人、小儿一切渴。
上用大牡蛎不计多少，于腊月端午日黄泥裹 通赤，放冷取出为末，活鲫鱼煎汤调下一钱匕。小儿服半钱
匕，只两服瘥。
《圣惠》治小儿心肺积热，渴不止，咽喉干痛。黄连散方
黄连（去须） 射干 川升麻 赤茯苓 麦门冬（去心，焙） 元参 甘草（炙微
赤，锉） 桑根白皮（锉） 黄芩（各半两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏，入青竹叶七片，煎至五分去滓；入蜜半合，更煎一、二沸。
放温，时时与儿呷之。
《圣惠》治小儿心肺热，壅闷烦渴不止。麦门冬散方
麦门冬（去心，焙） 栀子仁 犀角（屑） 知母 甘草（炙微赤，锉） 黄芩（各半两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，水一小盏，入竹叶七片，煎至五分去滓。不计时候，量儿大小以意分减，
温服。
《圣惠》治小儿壮热渴不止。芦根散方
芦根 黄 （炙，锉） 人参（去芦头） 甘草（炙） 麦门冬（去心，焙） 知母（各半两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏，入竹叶七片，粟米一百粒，煎至五分，去滓。不计时候温
服。量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿热渴不止。煎银饮子方
银（五两） 石膏 寒水石 蚕蛹茧（各二两）
上件药，以水三升，入银石三味，煎至一升去银石；次下蛹茧，煎至七合去滓。每服半合，不计时候，
温温服之。量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿热渴不止，烦闷。栝蒌根散方
栝蒌根（三分） 黄芩 知母（各半两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏，入小麦、粟米一百粒，煎至五分，去滓。不计时候温服。
更量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》又方
栝蒌根（三分） 黄芩（半两） 小麦（半合）
上件药都锉，以水二大盏，煎取一盏，去滓。不计时候。量儿大小分减温服。
《圣惠》又方
生葛汁 竹沥（各二合）
上件药汁，相和令匀，不计时候服半合。量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿热渴不止。腻粉散方
腻粉（一分） 皂角（一挺，不 ，可长七八寸者。去黑皮，涂酥、炙令香熟）
上将皂角捣，罗为末，入腻粉同研令匀，不计时候，以温水调下一字。量儿大小，以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿热渴久不止。石莲散方
石莲心（三十枚，炒令黄） 浮萍（一分）
上件药都以水一中盏，入生姜少许，煎至六分去滓。每服半合，徐徐服之。看儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》又方
上用葛根半两细锉，以水一中盏，煎至六分，去滓。不计时候，分减温服。
《圣惠》治消渴饮水过甚，并小儿渴疾方。
黄狗胆 猪胆（各一枚）
上件狗胆并入猪胆内阴干，候堪丸，即丸如梧桐子大。每服以麝香汤下二丸，小儿半丸。
茅先生治小儿诸渴龙涎膏方
上用阴林下大螺不以多少，去壳烂研，入尽粉看与其螺一样多，入脑少许同研，滴水为丸○此大，每服十
丸、十四丸，用枇杷叶火炙去毛，浓煎汤吞下，以药丸悬起当风处吹极久甚妙。
茅先生治小儿诸渴及疳渴，及解诸般热。胡黄连散方
胡黄连 麦门冬子 干葛 元参 甘草（炙） 枇杷叶（炙去毛）
上各等分为末。每服一钱，水七分一盏，生姜一片，同煎五分后放蜜三、五滴，同煎至四分，温服。如无
龙涎膏，此药大妙。（方在前。）
《婴孺》治小儿夏天服药大下后，胃中虚热，渴欲饮水。麦门冬汤方
麦门冬（去心） 甘草 龙骨（各四分） 枳实（炙） 黄芩 茯苓 人参（各三分）
上以水四升，煮取一升半，为三服。服此汤后渴不瘥，取水芹煮浓汁饮之，间汤汤服之。甚者，恣意与之服。
《婴孺》治小儿渴不止方。
上取冬瓜炮过，杵、绞汁一升，量大小与之服。
《婴孺》治小儿壮热渴兼呕不止。芦根饮子方
生芦根（切，五合） 淡竹青皮 人参（各八分） 桔梗（五分） 知母（十分） 粟米（三合）
上以水五升，煮之一升半。量儿大小与之服。
《婴孺》治小儿热渴，或吐下后虚热渴。栝蒌汤方
栝蒌（五分） 黄芩（三分） 知母 芦根（各二分） 生米（一合） 生麦门冬（三分，去心）
上切，以水五升，煮二升，如饮浆水度服之。
《婴孺》治小儿夏天服药大下后，胃中虚热，渴唯饮水。麦门冬方
麦门冬（四分，去心） 甘草 黄芩（各三分） 龙胆（二分） 干葛（六分）
上以水四升半，未食，温分三服。服此不瘥，取水芹煮浓汁恣与饮，勿禁节之。
《婴童宝鉴》治小儿渴不止，腹急身热。浮水散方
蜗牛（二、七个，甘草水洗） 草龙胆（一两，末。以蜗牛搜作饼子后阴干）
上件为末。每服一捻许，浮水与饮，只一服效。
《小方脉》论治渴先下淋药方。
郁金 滑石（各一两） 旱莲子（半两）
上件为末。每服半钱，煎葱汤调下，急进三服凉心药。
《小方脉》论欲止渴，以凉心脏药方。
乌贼鱼骨 海浮石（各一两） 蒲黄（炒，半两）
上件为末。每服半钱，用枇杷叶煎汤下。
《庄氏家传》∶小儿疳渴及大人酒渴方。
枇杷叶（去毛，炙赤者） 甘草（炙） 干姜（炮） 桑白皮
上等分为末。每服一钱，熟水调服。
《庄氏家传》∶小儿因疾而致渴甚者，疾未除不免与水，水须入乌梅、陈小麦煎，水与虽多饮无害，即化入小便
而出，不攻大肠矣。
《庄氏家传》治小儿渴疾方。
龙胆（半两洗，生为末） 熊胆（一钱） 托胎（五个，生、细研）
上件三味一处。每服一字，用井花水三合调下。
《孔氏家传》治小儿消渴方。
上取熟瓜，切作二片；去青并子，用手取瓤，以水调瓜瓤饮之立愈。
《吉氏家传》治小儿虚渴方。
藿香 甘草（炙） 马牙硝 苦参（各一钱） 干葛（二钱）
上件为末。每服一钱，水五分，煎至四分，温服。
《吉氏家传》治虚渴。调中散方
人参 白术（各半钱） 肉桂 犀角 藿香 甘草（炙。各一钱）
上件为末。每服半钱，枣汤调下。
《吉氏家传》∶润肺止渴。紫苏丸方
紫苏 白梅肉（各五两） 官桂（三分）
上件为末，炼蜜丸如鸡头大。每服一丸，含化。
《吉氏家传》治渴涂唇。瑞莲膏方
旱莲子心 浮石 干葛 海螵蛸 蒲黄（各等分）
上件为末，炼蜜为膏，逐时丸如绿豆大。极渴煎枇杷叶汤下，看儿大小加减。小渴可只涂唇上。
长沙医者丁时发传治小儿、大人渴方。
上用枇杷叶三两去毛烧灰，为灰汁，要一大盏，入桑白皮二寸同煎七分温服。日五、七服。
长沙医者郑愈传治渴不止。莲房饮子方
莲房 紫苏 干葛（各一分） 木香（一分） 甘草（炙） 草果子（各三分）
上为粗末。以水一碗，煎至七分，滤滓温服。
《圣惠》灸治小儿饮水不渴，面目黄者，只阳刚二穴各一壮，在第十椎下两傍各三寸陷者中。炷如小麦大。
*Chaoshi Bingyuan* (Source of Diseases) on the "Hot Thirst" syndrome: When children have vigorous blood and qi, internal heat is generated in the zang-fu organs. Heat causes dryness of the zang organs, thus leading to thirst.
*Xiaofangmai* discusses pediatric thirst disease, characterized by excessive water intake followed by abdominal distension and diarrhea. In this condition, ingested water fails to enter the Small Intestine properly but instead flows into the Large Intestine. The Large Intestine receives grains but not water; the Small Intestine receives water but not grains. This disease often results from damage to the Heart causing Heart heat. Since the Heart and Small Intestine are interior-exteriorly related, the Small Intestine also becomes heated. Heat in the Qi of the Small Intestion ascends to attack the stomach opening, causing the child to desire water. When water enters the Small Intestine, due to its heated Qi, it fails to filter and excrete efficiently, diverting into the Large Intestine. If a physician first administers diuretic drugs for strangury, followed by Heart-cooling drugs, then thirst can be effectively stopped.
*Jingyan Fang* treats all types of thirst in adults and children.
Take large oysters in any quantity. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in the twelfth lunar month, wrap them in yellow clay and fire until red hot. Allow to cool, remove, and grind into powder. Take one qianbi with decoction of live crucian carp. Children take half a qianbi. Two doses will cure the condition.
*Shenghui Yaoju* treats pediatric accumulation of heat in the Heart and Lungs, persistent thirst, and dry, painful throat. Huanglian San formula:
Huanglian (remove stamens), Shegan, Chuan Shengma, Chi Fuling, Maimendong (remove heart, bake), Xuanshen, Gancao (roast until slightly red, chop), Sanggenbaipi (chop), Huangqin (each banliang).
Grind the above herbs, sift coarsely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose, add one small cup of water and seven leaves of Qingzhuye, decoct until reduced to five fen, strain. Add half he of honey, boil one or two more times. Let cool to warm temperature, and let the child sip occasionally.
*Shenghui Yaoju* treats pediatric heat in the Heart and Lungs causing oppression, restlessness, and persistent thirst. Maimendong San formula:
Maimendong (remove heart, bake), Zhizi Ren, Xijiao (shave into flakes), Zhimu, Gancao (roast until slightly red, chop), Huangqin (each banliang).
Grind the above herbs, sift coarsely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose, add one small cup of water and seven leaves of Zhuye, decoct until reduced to five fen, strain. Take at any time, adjusting the dose according to the child's age and size, warm.
*Shenghui Yaoju* treats pediatric high fever and persistent thirst. Lugeng San formula:
Lugeng, Huangqi (roast, chop), Renshen (remove rhizome head), Gancao (roast), Maimendong (remove heart, bake), Zhimu (each banliang).
Grind the above herbs, sift coarsely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose, add one small cup of water, seven leaves of Zhuye, and one hundred grains of Suli, decoct until reduced to five fen, strain. Take warm at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
*Shenghui Yaoju* treats pediatric heat and persistent thirst. Jian Yinzi formula:
Silver (five liang), Shigao, Hanshuishi, Can Yongjian (each two liang).
Add the silver, Shigao, and Hanshuishi to three sheng of water, decoct until reduced to one sheng, remove the silver and stones. Then add the pupae and cocoons, decoct until reduced to seven she, strain. Take half she per dose, warm, at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
*Shenghui Yaoju* treats pediatric heat and persistent thirst with restlessness. Gualougen San formula:
Gualougen (three fen), Huangqin, Zhimu (each banliang).
Grind the above herbs, sift coarsely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose, add one small cup of water, Xiaomai, and one hundred grains of Suli, decoct until reduced to five fen, strain. Take warm at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
*Shenghui Yaoju*, another prescription:
Gualougen (three fen), Huangqin (banliang), Xiaomai (half he).
Chop the above herbs, add two large cups of water, decoct to obtain one cup, strain. Take warm at any time, adjusting the dose according to the child's age and size.
*Shenghui Yaoju*, another prescription:
Xian Gezhi (fresh kudzu juice), Zhuli (each two he).
Mix the juices evenly. Take half he at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
*Shenghui Yaoju* treats pediatric heat and persistent thirst. Nifen San formula:
Nifen (one fen), Zaojiao (one rod, free from borers, about seven to eight cun long. Remove black skin, coat with butter, roast until fragrant and cooked).
Grind the Zaojiao, sieve into powder, mix with Nifen evenly. Take one zi amount mixed with warm water at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
*Shenghui Yaoju* treats prolonged pediatric heat and thirst. Shilian San formula:
Shilianxin (thirty pieces, stir-fry until yellow), Fuping (one fen).
Decoct the above herbs in one medium cup of water with a little fresh ginger until reduced to six fen, strain. Take half she per dose, slowly. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
*Shenghui Yaoju*, another prescription:
Take banliang of Gegen, finely chopped. Decoct in one medium cup of water until reduced to six fen, strain. Take warm at any time, adjusting the dose.
*Shenghui Yaoju* treats excessive drinking in Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst) and pediatric thirst disease.
Huang Goudan (yellow dog gallbladder), Zhu Dan (pig gallbladder) (one each).
Combine the dog gallbladder into the pig gallbladder, dry in shade. When ready to form pills, make them the size of Sophora seeds. Take two pills with Moshe tang (musk decoction); children take half a pill.
Mr. Mao's Longxian Gao for treating various pediatric thirsts:
Take large snails from shady woods in any quantity. Remove shells and grind thoroughly. Add pearl powder in an amount equal to the snail meat. Add a little Bingpian (borneol), grind together. Form pills with drops of water (these pills are large). Take ten or fourteen pills per dose, swallowed with thick decoction of roasted Pipaye (loquat leaf) without hairs. It is excellent to hang the pills in a breezy place to dry for a long time.
Mr. Mao's Huhuanglian San for treating various pediatric thirsts, Gan thirst, and resolving various heats:
Huhuanglian, Maimendongzi, Gange, Xuanshen, Gancao (roast), Pipaye (roast, remove hairs).
Grind equal parts into powder. Take one qian per dose, add seven-tenths of a cup of water and one slice of fresh ginger, decoct to five fen. Add three to five drops of honey, decoct to four fen, take warm. If Longxian Gao is unavailable, this medicine is very effective. (Formula appears earlier.)
*Yingru* treats pediatric thirst after heavy purgation in summer, resulting in deficiency-heat in the Stomach and desire to drink water. Maimendong Tang formula:
Maimendong (remove heart), Gancao, Longgu (each four fen), Zhishi (roast), Huangqin, Fuling, Renshen (each three fen).
Decoct in four sheng of water to obtain one and a half sheng. Divide into three doses. If thirst persists after taking this decoction, drink thick decoction of Shuiqin (water celery). Drink between doses of the main decoction. For severe cases, administer freely.
*Yingru* treats persistent pediatric thirst.
Take Donggua (winter melon) after roasting, pound and squeeze out one sheng of juice. Administer according to age and size.
*Yingru* treats pediatric high fever, thirst, and persistent vomiting. Lugeng Yinzi formula:
Sheng Lugeng (cut, five he), Danzhuqingpi, Renshen (each eight fen), Jiegeng (five fen), Zhimu (ten fen), Suli (three he).
Decoct in five sheng of water to obtain one and a half sheng. Administer according to the child's age and size.
*Yingru* treats pediatric heat thirst, or deficiency-heat thirst after vomiting/purging. Gualou Tang formula:
Gualou (five fen), Huangqin (three fen), Zhimu, Lugeng (each two fen), Shengmi (one he), Sheng Maimendong (three fen, remove heart).
Chop, decoct in five sheng of water to obtain two sheng. Take like drinking thin gruel/water.
*Yingru* treats pediatric thirst after heavy purgation in summer, resulting in deficiency-heat in the Stomach and only desiring water. Maimendong formula:
Maimendong (four fen, remove heart), Gancao, Huangqin (each three fen), Longdan (two fen), Gange (six fen).
Decoct in four and a half sheng of water. Take warm in three divided doses before meals. If this does not cure the thirst, drink thick decoction of Shuiqin freely without restriction.
*Tongchu Baojian* treats pediatric persistent thirst with abdominal urgency and body heat. Fushui San formula:
Woniú (two or seven pieces, wash with Gancao water), Caolongdan (one liang, powdered. Mix with Woniú flesh to form cakes, dry in shade).
Powder the above. Take a pinch per dose, swallow with Fushui (well/spring water). One dose is effective.
*Xiaofangmai* discusses treating thirst by first administering diuretic drugs:
Yujin, Huashi (each one liang), Hanlianzi (banliang).
Powder the above. Take half a qian per dose, mix with scallion decoction. Immediately follow with three doses of Heart-cooling medicine.
*Xiaofangmai* discusses stopping thirst with Heart-cooling medicine:
Wuziyugu (cuttlebone), Haifushi (each one liang), Puhuang (stir-fried, banliang).
Powder the above. Take half a qian per dose, swallow with Pipaye decoction.
*Zhuangshi Jiachuan*: Prescription for pediatric Gan thirst and adult alcohol-induced thirst:
Pipaye (remove hairs, roast red), Gancao (roast), Jiangjiang (processed), Sangbaipi.
Equal parts powder. Take one qian per dose, mix with boiled water.
*Zhuangshi Jiachuan*: For severe thirst caused by illness where water must be given despite the illness not being resolved: Boil water with Wu Mei (dark plum) and Chen Xiaomai (aged wheat). Drinking much of this water is harmless as it transforms into urine and exits, rather than attacking the Large Intestine.
*Zhuangshi Jiachuan* treats pediatric thirst disease:
Longdan (banliang, washed, raw powder), Xiongdan (one qian), Tuotai (five pieces, raw, finely ground).
Mix the three ingredients. Take one zi amount per dose, mixed with three he of Jinghua Shui (first-drawn well water).
*Kongshi Jiachuan* treats pediatric Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst):
Take ripe melon, cut into two slices. Remove green skin and seeds. Take the pulp by hand, mix with water, and drink. Cured immediately.
*Jishi Jiachuan* treats pediatric deficiency thirst:
Huoxiang, Gancao (roast), Mayaxiao, Kushen (each one qian), Gange (two qian).
Powder the above. Take one qian per dose, add five fen of water, decoct to four fen, take warm.
*Jishi Jiachuan* treats deficiency thirst. Tiaozhong San formula:
Renshen, Baizhu (each half qian), Rougui, Xijiao, Huoxiang, Gancao (roast, each one qian).
Powder the above. Take half a qian per dose, mix with jujube decoction.
*Jishi Jiachuan*: Moisten lungs and stop thirst. Zisu Wan formula:
Zisu, Baimei Rou (each five liang), Guanzi Gui (three fen).
Powder the above, bind with refined honey into pills the size of a chestnut. Take one pill per dose, dissolve in mouth.
*Jishi Jiachuan* treats thirst by applying to lips. Ruilian Gao formula:
Hanlian Zixin, Fushi, Gange, Haipiaoxiao, Puhuang (equal parts).
Powder the above, bind with refined honey into paste. Roll into pills the size of mung beans. For extreme thirst, take with Pipaye decoction, adjusting for age. For mild thirst, simply apply to lips.
Ding Shifa, a physician from Changsha, transmits a prescription for pediatric and adult thirst:
Take three liang of Pipaye, remove hairs, burn to ash. Make ash-water, requiring one large cup. Add two cun of Sangbaipi, decoct to seven-tenths, take warm. Take five to seven times daily.
Zheng Yu, a physician from Changsha, transmits a prescription for persistent thirst. Lianfang Yinzi formula:
Lianfang, Zisu, Gange (each one fen), Muxiang (one fen), Gancao (roast), Cao Guozi (each three fen).
Make coarse powder. Decoct in one bowl of water to seven-tenths, filter dregs, take warm.
*Shenghui Yaoju* moxibustion treatment for children who drink water but do not feel thirsty, with yellowish complexion: Moxa one Zhu on each of the Yanggang acupoints. Located three cun lateral to the lower border of the tenth thoracic vertebra, in the depression. Moxa cone size like a wheat grain.