《巢氏病源》往来寒热疟候∶此由寒气并于阴则发寒，风气并于阳则发热，阴阳二气更实更虚，故寒热更往
来也。
《 全生指迷》论曰∶若其人翕翕如热，淅淅如寒，无有时度，支节如解，手足酸疼，头目昏晕。此由荣卫虚
弱，外为风邪相乘，搏于阳则发热，搏于阴则发寒，又不治成劳气。宜荆芥散（方在后）。
《全生指迷》论又曰∶若寒热如疟不以时度，肠满膨 ，起则头晕，大便不通，或时腹痛，胸膈痞闷。此由
宿谷停留不化，结于肠间，气道不舒，阴阳交乱。宜备急丸。（方在后）。
《全生指迷》荆芥散
荆芥穗 人参 白术 当归（切、洗，焙） 黄 芍药桂（去皮。各一两） 柴胡（去苗，二两） 甘
草（炙，半两）
上为粗末。每服五钱，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓温服。
《全生指迷》备急丸
大黄（湿纸裹煨） 巴豆（去皮、心，去油） 干姜（去皮。等分）
上为细末，炼蜜和丸如豌豆大。每服一丸，米饮下。羸人服一丸如绿豆大，以大便快利为度。
《巢氏病源》∶夫病疟六、七日，但见热者，温疟也。（温疟方见先热后寒。）又有瘅疟候。夫瘅疟者，肺素有热，气
盛于身，厥逆上下，中气实而不外泄，因有所用力，腠理开，气寒舍于皮肤之内，分肉之间而发。发则阳气盛，
气盛而不衰则病矣。其气不及之阴，故但热不寒，寒气内藏于心，而外舍于分肉之间，令人消烁脱肉，故命曰
瘅疟。其状但热不寒，阴气先绝，阳气独发则少气烦 ，手足热而呕也。
《圣惠》治大人、小儿瘅疟，但热不寒，呕逆不下食。宜服香豉饮子方
香豉（半合） 葱白（七茎，切） 常山 槟榔（各三分） 川升麻（一两） 知母 生地
黄（切） 鳖甲（涂醋、炙令黄，去裙 用。各一两半）
上件药锉碎，都以水二大盏半，煎至一盏半，去滓。不计时候，分为三服，一日服尽。小儿服一合。
《圣惠》又方
常山 甘草（生） 地骨皮（各一分） 生铁（一斤，打碎如棋子大）
上件药细锉，都以水二大盏，于星月下浸一夜，横刀一口安在药上，早晨煎取一盏去滓，空腹分为二服。
重者不过二剂瘥。小儿服一合。
《圣惠》治大人、小儿瘅疟，发作不定，但热不寒，宜服此方。
常山 桃仁（汤浸，去皮尖、双仁，麸炒微黄） 黄丹（炒令紫色。各一两） 香豉（一合，炒干）
上件药捣，罗为末，炼蜜和丸如梧子大。每至发日，空心煎桃仁汤下十丸。于发时再一服。（小儿，粟米大五丸。）
《圣惠》治小儿痰热发疟。知母散方
知母 鳖甲（涂醋、炙令黄，去裙 。各一两） 牡蛎粉 常山（各半两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每服以粥饮调下半钱，日二服。量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿疟疾烦热。牛黄丸方
牛黄 杏仁（汤浸，去皮尖、双仁，麸炒微黄。各一分）
上件药同研如膏，炼蜜和丸如麻子大。每服以温水下三丸，日三服。量儿大小加减服。
张涣知母丹 治小儿发热疟甚者。
知母（微炒） 鳖甲（酥炙，去裙 ） 川大黄（细锉，微
炒） 赤茯苓 朱砂（细研、水飞。各一两） 川朴硝 川升麻（各半两） 龙脑（一钱，研）
上件同拌匀，炼蜜和丸如黍米大。每服五粒至七粒，生姜汤下。大便利下即愈。量大小加减。
《活人书》治疟疾但热不寒者。
知母（六两） 甘草（炙，二两） 石膏（一斤） 桂（去皮，秤三两） 粳米（二合）
上锉如麻豆大。每服五钱，水一盏半，煎取八分，去滓服。
Chao Shi Bing Yuan (Source of Diseases by Master Chao) on the Syndrome of Alternating Chills and Fever in Malaria: This is caused by cold qi merging into the Yin aspect, resulting in chills; wind qi merging into the Yang aspect, resulting in fever. The alternating excess and deficiency of Yin and Yang Qi cause the alternating occurrence of chills and fever.
Quan Sheng Zhi Mi (Guide to Life Preservation) states: If a patient feels warm as if covered (Xi Xi Ru Re), yet shivers as if sprinkled with cold water (Xi Xi Ru Han), without a fixed time pattern, with limbs and joints feeling as if dislocated, soreness and pain in hands and feet, dizziness of the head and eyes. This is due to the deficiency and weakness of Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, allowing external Wind pathogen to take advantage. When the pathogen struggles with Yang, it causes fever; when it struggles with Yin, it causes chills. If untreated, it may develop into consumptive disease (Lao Qi). Jingjie San (Schizonepeta Decoction) is appropriate (formula follows later).
Quan Sheng Zhi Mi further states: If chills and fever occur like malaria but without a fixed schedule, accompanied by abdominal fullness and distension, dizziness upon rising, constipation, occasional abdominal pain, and chest and diaphragm stuffiness. This is due to retained food failing to transform, accumulating in the intestines, obstructing the flow of Qi, and causing chaos between Yin and Yang. Beiji Wan (Emergency Rescue Pill) is appropriate. (Formula follows later.)
Quan Sheng Zhi Mi - Jingjie San (Schizonepeta Decoction)
Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) [sliced, washed, dried], Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) [bark removed, each 1 liang], Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) [sprouts removed, 2 liang], Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) [roasted, 0.5 liang].
Grind the above into coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 2 zhan of water, decoct until 1 zhan remains, remove dregs, and take warm.
Quan Sheng Zhi Mi - Beiji Wan (Emergency Rescue Pill)
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) [wrapped in wet paper and roasted], Badou (Crotonis Fructus) [skin and heart removed, oil removed], Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) [skin removed, equal parts].
Grind the above into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of pea seeds. Take one pill per dose, swallowed with rice drink. For frail persons, take a pill the size of a mung bean. Stop when bowel movement becomes smooth.
Chao Shi Bing Yuan: If malaria persists for six or seven days and only fever is observed, it is Wen Malaria (Warm Malaria). (The formula for Wen Malaria is found under the section "Fever Preceding Chills".) There is also the syndrome of Dan Malaria (Burnt Malaria). Dan Malaria occurs because the lungs harbor latent heat, causing Qi to be excessive throughout the body. Qi rebels upwards and downwards, the Middle Qi is full but cannot vent outward. Due to physical exertion, the Cou Li (pores) open, and cold Qi lodges inside the skin and between the muscle layers, triggering the disease. Upon onset, Yang Qi becomes excessive. If this excess does not subside, illness ensues. Since this Qi does not reach the Yin aspect, there is only heat without cold. Cold Qi stores internally in the Heart and externally in the muscle layers, causing emaciation and flesh wasting, hence named Dan Malaria. Its manifestations are only heat without cold, with Yin Qi exhausted first and Yang Qi flaring alone, presenting as shortness of breath, irritability, hot hands and feet, and vomiting.
Sheng Hui treats adult and pediatric Dan Malaria characterized by only heat without cold, vomiting, and inability to eat. Xiangchi Yinzi (Fermented Soybean Drink) is appropriate.
Xiangchi (Fermented Sojae Semen Nigrum Preparatum, 0.5 he), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) [7 stalks, sliced], Changshan ( Dichroae Radix), Binglang (Arecae Semen, each 3 fen), Chuanshengma (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, 1 liang), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) [sliced], Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) [coated with vinegar, roasted yellow, skirt removed, each 1.5 liang].
Crush the above herbs, add 2.5 large zhan of water, decoct until 1.5 zhan remains, remove dregs. Take at any time, divided into three doses, consumed within one day. Pediatric dose: 1 he.
Sheng Hui Another Formula
Changshan (Dichroae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) [raw], Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Shengtie (Raw Iron) [1 jin, crushed into chess-piece sized pieces].
Finely crush the herbs, add 2 large zhan of water, soak overnight under the stars and moon. Place a knife horizontally over the medicine. In the morning, decoct to obtain 1 zhan, remove dregs. Take empty stomach, divided into two doses. Severe cases resolve within no more than two doses. Pediatric dose: 1 he.
Sheng Hui Treats adult and pediatric Dan Malaria with irregular onset, only heat without cold. This formula is appropriate.
Changshan (Dichroae Radix), Taoren (Persicae Semen) [soaked in water, skin and tips removed, double kernels removed, bran-roasted slightly yellow], Huangdan (Minium), Xiangchi (Fermented Sojae Semen Nigrum Preparatum) [1 he, roasted dry] [Huangdan and Changshan each 1 liang].
Pound the above, sieve into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. On the day of onset, take 10 pills on an empty stomach with decocted peach kernel soup. Take another dose during the onset. (Pediatric: 5 pills the size of millet grains.)
Sheng Hui Treats pediatric malaria caused by phlegm-heat. Zhimu San (Anemarrhena Powder)
Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) [coated with vinegar, roasted yellow, skirt removed, each 1 liang], Moli Fen (Ostreae Concha Pulvis), Changshan (Dichroae Radix) [each 0.5 liang].
Pound the above, sieve finely into powder. Each dose: mix half qian with porridge drink, taken twice daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and condition.
Sheng Hui Treats pediatric malaria with irritability and heat. Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill)
Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) [soaked in water, skin and tips removed, double kernels removed, bran-roasted slightly yellow, each 1 fen].
Grind the above together into a paste, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of sesame seeds. Each dose: swallow 3 pills with warm water, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age.
Zhang Huan's Zhimu Dan (Anemarrhena Pill) Treats severe pediatric febrile malaria.
Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) [lightly roasted], Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) [roasted with butter, skirt removed], Chuandahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) [finely cut, lightly roasted], Chifuling (Poria cum Ligno Rosellum), Zhusha (Cinnabaris) [finely ground, water-washed, each 1 liang], Chuanpuhxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Chuanshengma (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis) [each 0.5 liang], Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum) [1 qian, ground].
Mix the above evenly, combine with refined honey to form pills the size of millet grains. Each dose: 5 to 7 pills, taken with ginger soup. Recovery occurs when bowel movements become smooth. Adjust dosage according to age.
Huoren Shu (Book of Human Life) Treats malaria characterized by only heat without cold.
Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) [6 liang], Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) [roasted, 2 liang], Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) [1 jin], Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) [bark removed, weighed 3 liang], Jingsmi (Oryzae Fructus Immaturus) [2 he].
Cut into sizes similar to hemp seeds. Each dose: 5 qian, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct to obtain 0.8 zhan, remove dregs, and take.