运合阴阳。胚胎在腹。五行相参。乃成孕育。逐月成形。男女攸属。九窍既分。肢体随蓄。脏区以五。腑部以六。
内生筋骨。外 肌肉。至于经脉。无不联属。至于毛发。无不攒簇。气通于母。呼吸盈缩。母息是同。如璞孕玉。母热
热侵。母寒寒促。母怒脉兴。母惊阴触。母思气拘。母忧神局。凡此诸因。皆能停毒。而毒之停。更甚淫欲。毒停先天。
后天斯酷。古人胎教。所由谆勖。十月涵濡。胎元具足。一旦临盆。蒂脱瓜熟。此后哺乳。更须周笃。易虚易实。 病
惟速。疾痛莫知。 痒谁告。如哑不言。如谜难卜。保赤维艰。常忧手束。遍考方书。广搜秘录。识取其精。论采其
卓。爰辑斯编。释谜标牍。既分门类。更详款目。欲幼幼者。当为三复。
钱乙曰。儿医号为哑科。脉来驶疾难凭。故以察色为要。形色若不相应。然后听声切脉。如面上症。左腮为肝。右
腮为肺。额上为心。鼻为脾。颏为肾。赤者热也。黄者积也。白者寒也。青黑者痛也。随症治之。又如目内症。赤者心
热。导赤散。淡红者心虚热。生犀散。青者肝热。泻青丸。浅淡者补之。黄者脾热。泻黄散。无精光者肾虚。地黄丸。
若见面目浮肿。主久咳嗽。乃脾受疳积也。又如唇上症。白主吐涎。呕逆。吐白。便血。红主渴饮烦躁。若久咳泻唇红
者。是虚症也。勿用凉药。黄主脾受积。后发肿紫色及吐涎。主虫痛。不吐涎。是积痛。唇口四畔黄如橘。主口臭。乃
脾之积热也。青主血虚脾寒。为冷所乘。盖唇主脾土。木来克土。知脾弱不能食也。又如舌上症。凡小儿舌干、舌白、
舌燥、舌苔、舌黄、舌赤肿。皆主大便不通。或通利必赤色焦黄。如舌裂。舌上芒刺。舌上出血。皆热极。阳毒也。舌
上生疮。心脾有热。舌卷主惊。久患泻利。舌黑而润。不可认为热。盖久病上焦虚热故也。久泻利舌黑者。必死。
李仲南曰。面上青色。为惊积不散。欲发风候。红赤色。为热。为痰积壅盛。惊悸烦躁。增进黄色。亦为热。为食
积症伤。欲作疳候。或作痞癖。若神思昏沉。其候潮热气粗困倦。或呕哕。或泻痢。白色为寒。为肺气不利。大肠滑泄。
欲作吐利。黑色为痛所传。不烦。症变即为逆候。荣卫失序。为疾危恶。虞抟面上形症歌曰。痢疾眉头皱。惊风面颊
红。渴来唇带赤。毒热眼朦胧。山根若见脉痕青。此病明知两度惊。赤黑困疲时吐泻。色红啼夜不曾停。青脉生于左太
阳。须惊一度见推详。赤是伤寒微燥热。黑青知是乳多伤。右边青脉不须多。有则频惊待奈何。红赤为风抽眼目。黑青
三日见阎罗。
李 曰。小儿诸病。但见两眼无精光。黑睛无运转。目睫无芒锋。如鱼猫眼状。或两眼闭而黑睛朦胧者死。或外若
昏困。而神藏于内不脱者生。黑珠满轮。睛明者少病。眼白多。睛珠或黄或小者。禀弱多病。
Yin and Yang Qi interact. The embryo forms in the abdomen. The Five Elements (Wu Xing) interrelate, thereby conceiving life. Form develops month by month, determining male or female. Once the Nine Orifices are differentiated, limbs accumulate growth. The Zang organs are divided into five regions, the Fu organs into six parts.
Internally, tendons and bones are generated; externally, muscles and flesh are covered. As for the meridians, none are not interconnected. As for hair, none are not clustered. Fetal Qi connects with the mother, breathing expands and contracts. The mother's breath is shared, like a jade stone nurturing a gem. If the mother is hot, heat invades; if the mother is cold, cold accelerates [pathology]. If the mother is angry, pulse Qi rises; if the mother is startled, Yin Qi is touched; if the mother ponders, Qi becomes constrained; if the mother worries, Shen (Spirit) becomes restricted. All these factors can cause toxin stagnation. The stagnation of toxin is more severe than licentious desire. Toxin stagnating in the Pre-heaven (Xian Tian) makes Post-heaven (Hou Tian) development harsh. Ancient people emphasized prenatal education, hence the earnest exhortations. Ten months of nourishment, the fetal Yuan is complete. Once labor arrives, the umbilical cord detaches, the melon ripens. Afterward, breastfeeding requires thorough care. Infants' constitution is easily deficient or excess, disease onset is rapid. Pain is unknown to them, itching cannot be reported. Like a mute who does not speak, like a riddle hard to divine. Protecting infants is arduous, often causing worry about being helpless. Examining medical formulas extensively, searching secret records widely. Selecting essence from recognition, adopting excellence in discussion. Thus this compilation is edited, explaining riddles and labeling chapters. Since categories are divided, details are further elaborated. Those wishing to nurture the young should read it repeatedly.
Qian Yi said: Pediatric medicine is called the "Mute Department." The pulse comes rapidly and is difficult to rely upon, so observing facial color is essential. If form and color do not correspond, then listen to sounds and palpate the pulse. Regarding facial symptoms: the left cheek belongs to the Liver, the right cheek to the Lung, the forehead to the Heart, the nose to the Spleen, and the chin to the Kidney. Red indicates Heat, yellow indicates accumulation, white indicates Cold, and blue-black indicates pain. Treat according to symptoms. Regarding internal eye conditions: red indicates Heart Heat, use Caochi San (Decoction for Guiding Out Redness); pale red indicates Deficient Heat of the Heart, use Shengxi San (Raw Rhinoceros Horn Decoction); blue indicates Liver Heat, use Xieqing Wan (Pill for Draining Liver Heat); pale/light color indicates deficiency, treat with tonification; yellow indicates Spleen Heat, use Xiehuang San (Decoction for Draining Spleen Heat); lack of luster indicates Kidney Deficiency, use Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill). If facial edema appears, it indicates chronic cough due to Spleen involvement in Gu Accumulation (Gan Ji). Regarding lip symptoms: white indicates vomiting saliva, regurgitation, vomiting white matter, hematochezia; red indicates thirst, drinking, irritability; if chronic cough and diarrhea with red lips occur, it is a Deficiency syndrome, do not use cooling medicines; yellow indicates Spleen involvement in accumulation, later swelling and purple color with vomiting saliva indicate worm pain; without vomiting saliva, it is accumulation pain; yellow around the lips like an orange peel indicates bad breath, which is accumulated Heat of the Spleen. Blue indicates Blood Deficiency and Spleen Cold, attacked by Cold pathogen. Because the lips govern Spleen Earth, Wood overacts on Earth, indicating weak Spleen unable to digest food. Regarding tongue symptoms: infant dry tongue, white tongue, parched tongue, tongue coating, yellow tongue, red swollen tongue all indicate constipation. Or if bowel movement occurs, stool must be red and scorched yellow. Tongue fissures, prickles on the tongue, bleeding on the tongue all indicate extreme Heat, Yang Toxin. Sores on the tongue indicate Heat in the Heart and Spleen. Rolled tongue indicates Convulsions (Jing Feng). Chronic diarrhea with black moist tongue should not be considered Heat, but rather Upper Jiao Deficient Heat due to chronic illness. Black tongue in chronic diarrhea indicates death.
Li Zhongnan said: Blue color on the face indicates unresolved Startling Accumulation, predisposing to Wind syndromes. Reddish color indicates Heat, excessive Phlegm Accumulation, startling palpitations, and irritability. Increased yellow also indicates Heat, Food Accumulation injury, predisposing to Gu syndromes or Pi masses. If mental state is dull, symptoms include tidal fever, rough breathing, fatigue, or retching, or diarrhea/dysentery. White indicates Cold, impaired Lung Qi, large intestine sliding diarrhea, predisposing to vomiting and diarrhea. Black indicates transmission from pain, no irritability; symptom changes indicate adverse prognosis, disorder of Ying and Wei Qi, critical danger.
Yu Tun's Song on Facial Symptoms states: Dysentery causes frowning brows, convulsions cause red cheeks. Thirst brings red lips, toxic heat blurs eyes. If green vein marks appear at the Shan Gen (root of nose), this disease is known to have caused two startlings. Red-black fatigue with vomiting/diarrhea, red color crying at night without stopping. Green pulse arises at the Left Taiyang, must have had one startle, observe carefully. Red indicates slight dry Heat from Cold Damage (Shang Han), black-blue indicates injury from excessive milk. Right side green pulse need not be many, if present frequent startles await helplessness. Red-cheeked indicates Wind drawing eyes, black-blue sees Yama in three days.
Li said: In various infant diseases, if both eyes lack luster, black pupils do not move, eyelashes lack sharpness, resembling fish or cat eyes, or both eyes closed with blurry black pupils, death ensues. If externally appearing drowsy but Shen remains contained internally without escaping, survival is possible. Black pupils filling the wheel with bright eyes indicate few illnesses. Excessive white sclera, or yellow/small pupil spheres indicate weak constitution and frequent illness.