回气法 小儿初主，气欲绝不能啼者，必是临产艰难，劳伤胎气，或天时寒冷冒寒所致。未可断脐，急以绵裹
抱杯中，离胞寸许，用苎皮扎紧，将大纸条蘸麻油点着，于脐带上往来，远远熏之，使火气入脐，则脐中温暖。更用热
醋汤荡洗脐带。须臾，气回啼哭，方可洗浴断脐，切记。（《活幼心书》）
浴儿法 儿出胎浴洗，宜取桑、槐、榆、柳、桃五种嫩细枝各二三十节煎汤（名五枝汤）。看冷热，太冷大热
俱不相宜。必欲煮收贮，俟温取浴，勿入生水。洗毕拭干，以腻粉钱许研极细，摩其遍身及两胁，然后 裹，既不受湿，
又无诸气。今执三朝古礼，将 裹之儿解开复浴。若儿之体怯，多致感冒、惊风。变通在人，只根据此，出胎便洗，甚为
稳当。（《产家要诀》）
断脐法 儿出胎浴洗后，方断脐带，则不伤水生病。断脐须用口咬，不犯平刀剪，自无冷气内侵，可免腹中吊
痛之虞。如或天时寒冷难产，母子劳伤者，先扎脐带，以油纸捻点火烧断，令暖气入儿腹中，此又为回生起死之妙法。
近有用蕲艾灸脐亦妙。所留脐带不可太长，太长则难干而伤肌，且恐引外风为脐风。亦不可太短，太短则逼内而伤脏，
或致成腹痛而夜啼。只以儿之足掌长短为度。（同上）
裹脐法 裹脐须用白练，柔软，方四寸，新绵浓半寸，与帛等合之，缓急得中。急则令儿吐 （音衍，乃呕乳
也），不可轻解，至十二朝方解视之，解时须闭户下帐。若冬月，房中多置炭火，令有暖气乃佳。倘如脐不干，烧绎帛敷
之，或甩绵茧乱发烧灰糁之。一云黄柏末敷妙。（《千金方》）
埋藏法 藏胎衣盛新瓶内，以青帛裹瓶口，择向阳高燥之地，天德月空处，掘地三尺埋之，儿自长寿无疾。若
埋藏不谨，为犬猪虫蚁所食，于儿不利。
天德如正月在丁，二月在坤，三月在壬，四月在辛，五月在干，六月在申，七月在癸，八月在艮，九月在丙，十月
在乙，十一月在巽，十二月在庚是也。
月空如正月在丙壬，二月在甲庚，三月在丙壬，四月在甲庚，五月在丙壬，六月在甲庚，七月在丙壬，八月在甲庚，
九月在丙壬，十月在甲庚，十一月在丙壬，十二月在甲庚是也。
\r天德图\p04-a38a2.bmp\r
此天德图，内如单月逢丙壬，双月逢甲庚，又为月空之方位也。
天德方向俱根据此图为准。其月空方向，单月在丙壬方，双月在甲庚方四处。如值天德方向不便，即按图寻丙壬、甲
庚所在用之。如值月空方向不便，亦按图寻天德用之。（《医宗金鉴》）
剃头法 儿初剃头，俱不择日，皆于盈月剃之，以便出房。惟丁日不宜剃头。盖胎发秽恶，有触神灶，令儿不
安，故必于盈月之日剃头而出。凡剃时，须择密室温暖处剃之，剃后以茶叶嚼烂敷遍头皮，或以杏仁三枚研细，入鲜薄
荷三叶再同研，将麻油满三四点，合腻粉拌匀擦头上，能避风邪，免生疮疖。（《保生碎事》）
防禁法 小儿莫抱于檐下澡浴，当风解衣，及近神佛座前、驴马犬羊畔、灯檠后，并各房异户之处，诸色不正
之器物，并防禁其不触犯自然，易养，少疾病。（《婴童宝鉴》）
小儿须防外客生人秽气所触。周岁之内能忌之者，并无客忤之患。（《幼科指掌》）
小儿略识人物，不宜抱至神庙观望。神像威严闪烁，恐致惊怖。及非时锣鼓爆竹、鸡犬之声。（同上）
小儿将入夏时，用色帛绛纱缝囊，盛去皮尖杏仁七粒，与儿随身佩带，闻雷不惊。（《林泉备用》）
晒衣法 小儿衣裳日晒晚收，不可露天过夜。若在露天过夜，次日与儿穿着，令儿日渐黄瘦身热、腹痛，世俗
谓之“无辜疾”，皆因衣露过夜，染着无辜鸟屎，以致有此。入邪之疾者，湿热、风寒、吐泻、惊积是也。（《幼幼集》）
小儿一岁至十二岁，凡衣鞋裙裤，及包裹尿布片，切忌不可夜露。有鸟名“天地女”，又名“陷飞鸟”最喜阴雨，夜
过飞鸣徘徊。其鸟纯雌无雄，善落毛羽于婴孩近身物上，令儿作痫，必死化为其儿。亦古书传之一证也。（《冯氏锦囊》）
慎乳法 夜间乳儿，须母起坐抱儿乳之。母有娠，乳儿必患胎黄。母大醉，乳儿必患惊热。母伤饱，乳儿必患
喘急。母新房，乳儿必患疳瘦。母大怒，乳儿必患颠狂。母新吐，乳儿必患虚羸。（以上并《小儿精要》）
母食热面，乳儿多成龟胸鳖背。母食酸碱炙 ，乳儿多成渴热疮疥。母悲喜未定便乳，成涎漱。儿啼未定便乳，生
瘰瘿瘤。（以上并《幼科指掌》）
儿睡忌乳，母鼻风吹儿囟门成风疾。（《琐碎 》）
夏中盛热时，母浴后便与儿乳，使儿成胃毒赤白痢。定息良久熟揉，乳之可也。（《颅囟经》）
又有一种，为父母者，意欲儿女壮大，令食二三人乳，但不知乳杂即有毒，因各禀气血不合，小儿遇病反重。（《孟
介
石方》）
忌食法 糯米性粘滞难化，小儿最宜忌之。（《本草纲目》）
黍米（即小米），小儿食之不能行。（《食鉴》）
面筋性冷难消化，小儿不宜食。（《纂要》）
黑豆，十岁以下小儿不宜食，恐拥气。（《食治》）
蕨，小儿食之，脚软不能行。（《传家宝》）
（俗作笋）最难化，小儿不宜食，干 尤甚。（《从新》）
王瓜，小儿多食生虫积。（《传心 》）
鸡豆，小儿多食令不长。（《别 》）
乌芋（即地粟），小儿食多，脐下结痛。（《拾遗》）
核桃俗传能消食，殊不知此物气温能兴阳，助肾火动，生风痰，小儿有病，当切戒之。（《幼科直言》）
枣，小儿多食生虫、损齿，贻害多矣。（《保生碎事》）
栗，小儿食之，齿生迟，肾气弱，生则难化，熟则滞气。（《日华》）
银杏（即白果），小儿未满十五岁食者，多发惊搐。（《蜀本草》）
鸡肉，小儿食之，生蛔虫，五岁之内尤宜忌。（《衍义》）
鸡肫皮乃磨坚之物，能刮肠胃，小儿食之，成软病，伤脏腑则无可救治。（《孟氏幼科》）
鸡鸭卵，小儿食之，长而多忘。（《蔡氏秘宝》）
鲟鱼，小儿食之，成咳嗽及 瘕。（《食疗》）
（俗作虾），小儿食之脚弱。（《四声》）
**Qi Restoration Method:** When a newborn is born with weak breath and unable to cry, it is certainly due to difficult labor damaging the fetal qi, or caused by cold weather exposure. The umbilical cord should not be cut immediately. Quickly wrap the infant in cotton wool and place them in a cup, keeping the cup mouth about one cun away from the placenta. Tie the cup mouth tightly with ramie bark. Dip a large paper strip in sesame oil, ignite it, and smoke the umbilical cord back and forth, allowing the fire's heat to enter the navel, thereby warming the navel area. Then, wash the umbilical cord with hot vinegar water. After a short while, when the qi returns and the infant cries, bathing and cutting the cord can proceed. Remember this well. (From *Huoyou Xinshu*)
**Bathing Method:** For bathing after birth, it is suitable to select twenty to thirty sections each of tender branches from mulberry, locust tree, elm, willow, and peach trees to decoct into a soup (called Wuzhi Tang). Check the temperature; too cold or too hot is unsuitable. If boiling and storing in advance is necessary, wait until warm before bathing the infant; do not add raw water. After washing and drying, take a small amount of Nifen (Calamine) ground extremely fine, rub it over the entire body and both flanks, then wrap the infant. This prevents moisture absorption and guards against various pathogenic factors. Some adhere to the ancient custom of three days, unwrapping and rebathing the infant. If the infant is physically weak, this often leads to wind-cold invasion or convulsions. Adaptability lies with the person; following this method to bathe immediately after birth is very safe. (From *Chan Jia Yaojue*)
**Umbilical Cord Cutting Method:** Only after bathing the infant after birth should the umbilical cord be cut, so as not to injure with water and cause disease. Cutting the cord must be done by biting with the mouth, avoiding ordinary knives or scissors, so that no cold qi invades internally, preventing abdominal colic. If the weather is cold and labor is difficult, causing maternal and fetal exhaustion, first tie the umbilical cord, burn it off with an oil-soaked paper twist, allowing warm qi to enter the infant's abdomen. This is a wonderful method for restoring life. Recently, moxibustion with Qiai (Qicheng Mugwort) on the navel is also excellent. The remaining umbilical cord should not be too long; if too long, it is hard to dry and damages muscles, and may attract external wind leading to neonatal tetanus (Nifeng). It should not be too short either; if too short, it presses inward damaging organs, potentially causing abdominal pain and night crying. Use the length of the infant's sole as the standard. (Ibid.)
**Navel Wrapping Method:** Wrapping the navel requires white silk (Bailian), soft texture, four inches square, with new cotton half an inch thick, combined equally with cloth, achieving moderate tightness. Too tight causes vomiting (Yan, meaning regurgitation); do not untie lightly. Wait until the twelfth day to untie and inspect. When untying, close doors and lower curtains. In winter, place charcoal fires in the room to maintain warmth. If the navel does not dry, burn Xiabo (silk gauze) and apply it, or use ash from burned silkworm cocoons sprinkled on it. Another opinion suggests applying Huangbai powder (Phellodendron Bark) is effective. (From *Qianjin Fang*)
**Burial Method:** Place the placenta in a new bottle, wrap the bottle mouth with green cloth, choose a sunny, high, and dry location, dig three chi deep on a Tian De (Heavenly Virtue) or Yue Kong (Moon Void) day, and bury it. The infant will naturally live long and free from disease. If buried carelessly and eaten by dogs, pigs, insects, or ants, it is unfavorable for the infant.
Tian De positions: 1st month at Ding, 2nd at Kun, 3rd at Ren, 4th at Xin, 5th at Qian, 6th at Shen, 7th at Gui, 8th at Gen, 9th at Bing, 10th at Yi, 11th at Xun, 12th at Geng.
Yue Kong positions: 1st month at Bing, Ren; 2nd at Jia, Geng; 3rd at Bing, Ren; 4th at Jia, Geng; 5th at Bing, Ren; 6th at Jia, Geng; 7th at Bing, Ren; 8th at Jia, Geng; 9th at Bing, Ren; 10th at Jia, Geng; 11th at Bing, Ren; 12th at Jia, Geng.
[Image: Tian De Diagram]
In this Tian De diagram, single months encountering Bing, Ren, and double months encountering Jia, Geng, are also the positions of Yue Kong.
Tian De directions are based on this diagram. Yue Kong directions: single months at Bing, Ren; double months at Jia, Geng. If the Tian De direction is inconvenient, find Bing, Ren, Jia, Geng according to the diagram. If Yue Kong direction is inconvenient, find Tian De according to the diagram. (From *Yizong Jinjian*)
**Hair Shaving Method:** Initial shaving of the infant's hair does not select specific days but is done at full moon to facilitate leaving the confinement room. Only the Ding day is unsuitable for shaving. Fetal hair is considered impure and may offend the Kitchen God, causing infant unrest. Thus, it must be shaved on the full moon day before leaving the room. Shaving should be done in a warm, closed room. After shaving, chewed tea leaves can be applied to the scalp, or three almonds ground fine with three fresh mint leaves, mixed with three to four drops of sesame oil and Nifen, rubbed on the head to ward off wind pathogens and prevent sores. (From *Baosheng Suishi*)
**Prevention Methods:** Infants should not be bathed under eaves, undressed in the wind, near statues of deities, beside donkeys, horses, dogs, sheep, behind lamp stands, in different rooms/houses, or near improper objects. Prevent contact naturally to ensure easy raising and fewer diseases. (From *Yingtong Baojian*)
Infants must be protected from foul air touched by outsiders or strangers. Within the first year, avoiding these prevents Ke Wu (Guest Intoxication). (From *Youke Zhizhang*)
When infants begin to recognize people, they should not be taken to temples to look. Majestic and flashing deity images may cause fright. Also avoid non-seasonal gongs, drums, firecrackers, and sounds of chickens and dogs. (Ibid.)
As summer approaches, sew a sachet with colored silk/gauze, fill it with seven peeled and deseeded apricot kernels, and let the infant wear it to prevent fear of thunder. (From *Linquan Beiyong*)
**Clothes Drying Method:** Infant clothes dried in the sun should be collected at night and not left outdoors overnight. If left outdoors overnight and worn the next day, the infant may gradually become yellow, thin, feverish, and have abdominal pain. Secularly called "Wugu Disease" (Gu-free disease), it is caused by dew exposure and contamination with Gu bird droppings. Diseases entering via evil include damp-heat, wind-cold, vomiting/diarrhea, and fright/stagnation. (From *Youyou Ji*)
For infants aged one to twelve, all clothes, shoes, skirts, pants, and diaper wrappings must strictly not be exposed overnight. There is a bird named "Tiandi Nu" (Heaven and Earth Woman) or "Xian Feiniao" (Trap Flying Bird), which loves rainy nights, flying and circling at night. This bird is purely female without males, good at dropping feathers on items near infants, causing epilepsy in infants, leading to death and transformation into the infant. This is also a testimony recorded in ancient books. (From *Fengshi Jinnang*)
**Careful Nursing Method:** At night nursing, the mother must sit up and hold the infant. If the mother is pregnant, nursing causes Taihuang (Neonatal Jaundice). If the mother is heavily drunk, nursing causes Jingre (Fright Heat). If the mother has overeaten, nursing causes Chuanji (Asthma/Effortless Breathing). If the mother has just had intercourse, nursing causes Ganshou (Malnutrition Emaciation). If the mother is angry, nursing causes Diankuang (Mania). If the mother has just vomited, nursing causes Xu Lei (Deficiency and Emaciation). (All from *Xiao'er Jingyao*)
If the mother eats hot noodles, the infant often develops Guixiong (Turtle Chest) and Biebei (Turtle Back). If the mother eats sour, alkaline, or roasted foods, the infant often develops Ke Re Chuangjie (Thirst-Heat Sores and Scabies). If the mother nurses while emotions of sorrow or joy are unsettled, the infant develops Xianshu (Excessive Saliva). If the infant nurses while still crying, Luoyingliu (Scrofula and Tumors) may arise. (All from *Youke Zhizhang*)
Nursing while the infant sleeps is taboo. If the mother's nose blows wind onto the infant's fontanelle, Fengji (Wind Disease) results. (From *Suosui*)
During midsummer heat, if the mother nurses immediately after bathing, the infant may develop Weidu Chi Bai Li (Stomach Poison Red and White Dysentery). Let the mother rest and calm down, gently massage, and then nurse. (From *Luxin Jing*)
Another situation: Parents wishing for children to grow strong allow infants to nurse from two or three women, not knowing mixed milk is toxic. Since constitutions and Qi/Blood differ, illness in infants worsens. (From *Mengjie Shifang*)
**Dietary Taboos:** Glutinous rice is sticky and hard to digest; infants should strictly avoid it. (From *Bencao Gangmu*)
Shumi (Millet): Infants eating it cannot walk. (From *Shijian*)
Mianjin (Gluten) is cold and hard to digest; infants should not eat it. (From *Zuanyao*)
Black beans: Infants under ten years old should not eat them, fearing Qi obstruction. (From *Shizhi*)
Jue (Fern Brakes): Infants eating them suffer leg weakness and inability to walk. (From *Chuanjiabao*)
(Synonym for Bamboo Shoots) Hardest to digest; infants should not eat them, especially dried ones. (From *Congxin*)
Wagua (Trichosanthes cucumerina): Infants eating much develop worm accumulation. (From *Chuanxin*)
Jidou (Pigeon Peas): Infants eating much fail to grow. (From *Bielu*)
Wuyu (Water Chestnut): Infants eating much suffer lower abdominal knotting and pain. (From *Shiyi*)
Hetao (Walnut): Commonly believed to aid digestion, but its warm nature promotes Yang, assists Kidney Fire, generates Wind-Phlegm. Infants with illness must strictly avoid it. (From *Youke Zhiyan*)
Dates: Infants eating much generate worms, damage teeth, causing much harm. (From *Baosheng Suishi*)
Chestnuts: Infants eating them delay tooth eruption, weaken Kidney Qi. Raw is hard to digest; cooked stagnates Qi. (From *Rihua*)
Yinxing (Ginkgo/Nut): Infants under fifteen eating them often trigger convulsions. (From *Shu Bencao*)
Chicken meat: Infants eating it generate roundworms; especially taboo within five years. (From *Yanyi*)
Jizhenpi (Chicken Gizzard Skin): A grinding substance that scrapes intestines/stomach. Infants eating it develop Ruanbing (Soft Disease); damaging organs makes it incurable. (From *Mengshi Youke*)
Chicken/Duck eggs: Infants eating them become forgetful in adulthood. (From *Caishi Mibao*)
Xunyu (Sturgeon): Infants eating it develop cough and Jiaju (Abdominal Masses). (From *Shiliao*)
(Synonym for Shrimp): Infants eating it suffer leg weakness. (From *Sisheng*)