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If there is sweating, use *Astragali Radix* (Huangqi, 黄芪) honey-fried; if there is no sweating, use roasted *Astragali Radix*; for deficiency of the Stomach, stir-fry with rice washing water before use; for aversion to cold at the exterior, stir-fry with wine; for gastric discomfort resembling hunger but not actually hungry (Zaocao), process with milk; for exterior deficiency with profuse sweating, increase the dosage. To purge fire, use raw *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao, 甘草); when heat is excessive, increase the amounts of *Astragali Radix* and *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*; if there is no sweating, add *Puerariae Lobatae Radix* (Gegen, 干葛), *Saposhnikoviae Radix* (Fangfeng, 防风), *Bupleuri Radix* (Chaihu, 柴胡), and *Cimicifugae Rhizoma* (Shengma, 升麻); for prolonged illness with persistent fever, remove exterior-releasing herbs and use only Baoyuan Tang (Preserve the Prime Decoction); for blood deficiency, add *Angelicae Sinensis Radix* (Danggui, 当归); for Spleen deficiency, add *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma* (Baizhu, 白术); for thirst, add *Ophiopogonis Radix* (Maidong, 麦冬) and *Schisandrae Fructus* (Wuweizi, 五味); for deficiency-related vexation, also add *Astragali Radix*; for insomnia, add *Ziziphi Spinosae Semen* (Suanzaoren, 酸枣仁); for headache, it is appropriate to modify Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) by adding *Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma* (Chuanxiong, 川芎) and *Vitex Fructus* (Manjingzi, 蔓荆); for difficult urination, add *Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix* (Niuxi, 牛膝) and *Poria* (Fuling, 茯苓); for unsettled heart-mind, add *Poria*, *Polygalae Radix* (Yuanzhi, 远志), and *Ziziphi Spinosae Semen*; to reduce fire, use more *Ginseng Radix* (Renshen, 人参) and *Astragali Radix*; for fire stirred by deficiency, add a small amount of stir-fried *Phellodendri Cortex* (Huangbai, 黄柏); for urinary retention, or urine that is red or white, take *Phellodendri Cortex* and *Anemarrhenae Rhizoma* (Zhimu, 知母), each one liang, soaked in wine and stir-fried, ground into powder, mixed with one qian of *Cinnamomi Cortex* (Rougui, 官桂), formed into pills with warm water, taken on an empty stomach (one hundred pills), with the passage of foreign matter in urine as the sign of efficacy. For lower back pain, stir-fry *Eucommiae Cortex* (Duzhong, 杜仲) with ginger juice; for aversion to cold, add *Cinnamomi Cortex* (Guigui, 官桂); for nausea, add dried ginger (*Zingiberis Rhizoma*); for spontaneous sweating due to deficiency-cold, add *Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata* (Fuzi, 附子). For persistent fever due to internal injury, nothing is better than modifying Buzhong Yiqi Tang with *Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*, doubling the dosage of *Astragali Radix* and *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*, following the principle of using sweet-warm herbs to eliminate great heat. For abdominal distension, fearing progression to fullness in the middle jiao, add *Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*, dried ginger, *Cinnamomi Cortex*, *Evodiae Fructus* (Wuyu, 吴萸), *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Qingpi, 青皮), *Hordei Fructus Germinatus* (Maiya, 麦芽), *Crataegi Fructus* (Shenqu, 神曲), and *Aurantii Fructus Immaturus* (Zhike, 枳壳) to Buzhong Yiqi Tang, using them flexibly according to symptoms; for damp-phlegm, add *Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix* (Qianghuo, 羌活), *Saposhnikoviae Radix*, and *Poria*, based on the principle that wind can overcome dampness. Herbs that expel pathogens should not be taken in large quantities, lest they drain true qi, as humans cannot survive without qi. Qi is often in excess, while blood is often deficient; the aforementioned formulas all tonify the qi within the blood. Since blood cannot circulate without qi, one must use Baoyuan Tang. Solitary yin does not generate, solitary yang does not grow. Baoyuan Tang preserves the prime qi of blood.

Humans inherit the qi of heaven and earth, yet we still fear yang sinking into the yin portion. Therefore, we should constantly ensure that the Stomach qi possesses the commanding influence of spring and summer, thus it is suitable to vigorously lift and raise, allowing clear yang to diffuse through the cou-li (interstices) and turbid yin to travel to the five zang organs. Generally, humans are governed by blood, and the Stomach is the source of blood generation. If yuan qi (original qi) is insufficient and sinks into the yin portion, the entire body transforms into deficient fire, changing unpredictably, and people may die without knowing the cause. Why? The upper part of the face (Tianting) belongs to yang, and the lower body belongs to yin. If the yang of the Tianting collapses, death occurs rapidly because the upper yang fails to generate and the yin qi is severed. Thus, when heavenly yang rises, earthly yin does not cease; when human yang lifts, the yang of blood distributes to the four limbs, so what disease would there be? If yang fails to rise, qi becomes stagnant and obstructed, giving rise to various diseases. The sages merely employ the methods of ascending, descending, floating, and sinking.

Various deficiency-consumption diseases, over time, all belong to Spleen deficiency. Spleen deficiency causes the Lung to be affected first. When the Lung is diseased, it cannot govern the whole body; when the Spleen is diseased, the four limbs cannot function. Carefully nourishing Spleen qi focuses primarily on preserving yuan qi. Or, regarding complications from malaria, dysentery, vomiting, and diarrhea, treatment generally targets the Spleen and Stomach. In this case, Baoyuan Tang is used to warm the Spleen, avoiding blood-invigorating or blood-tonifying herbs. Even with miscellaneous symptoms, if fire arises, do not clear it directly; if phlegm exists, do not resolve it directly. Instead, use Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) with modifications. For abdominal pain, add dried ginger; for lower back pain, add a small amount of *Alpinia Oxyphylla Fructus* (Yizhi, 益智) and *Evodiae Fructus*; for lower abdominal pain, these are also suitable; for loss of appetite, add *Amomi Fructus Rotundus* (Sharen, 砂仁) and *Aucklandiae Radix* (Muxiang, 木香); for belching, add *Crataegi Fructus*; for abdominal distension, combine with Hezhong San (Harmonize the Middle Powder) and Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction). Long-standing illnesses are treated primarily with warming and tonifying. If the illness is acute, treat it gently; attacking aggressively scatters the righteous qi. The classic states: Using highly toxic drugs to treat disease removes one or two parts out of ten; using moderately toxic drugs removes five parts out of ten; using non-toxic drugs removes eight or nine parts out of ten.

Mr. Shenzhai’s method for treating internal injury: Whenever pathogenic fire rebels upward and attacks the Spleen position, use Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) stir-fried with Evodiae Fructus. This is because Huanglian purges fire, returning it to its proper position, so that when Wood qi sinks, Fire qi descends. In cases of internal injury where clear qi sinks downward and yin fire flares upward, if cold-natured herbs are used, yang will sink further and fire will blaze more intensely. Fire seeks exit through orifices, attacking the deficient areas, potentially causing eye pain, deafness, or toothache. This constitutes attacking along the path of deficiency. (This explains why cold constrains the upper yang which sinks to the lower, resulting in upper jiao heat syndromes. If Lung qi is closed, the qi of the middle and lower jiao is constrained; if Stomach qi is closed, the qi of the upper and lower jiao is blocked. True yang loses its pathway, and long-term stagnation transforms entirely into yin fire, sometimes causing unbearable sensations in the heart cavity and nasal/oral orifices as if smoked day and night.)