味甘，平，无毒。主补五脏，益气，续筋骨，长肌肉，去诸痹。久服轻身不饥，耐老，
通神明。一名 芜。生太山
川谷。
作藤生，树如葡萄，叶如鬼桃，蔓延木上，汁白。今俗人方药都不复识用此，《仙经》
数处须之，而远近道俗，咸不
识此，非甚是异物，正是未研访寻识之尔。
〔谨案〕即 藤汁也，此藤有得千岁者，茎大如碗，冬惟叶凋，茎终不
死。藤汁味甘，子味甘、酸，苗似葡萄，其茎主哕逆大善，伤寒后呕哕更良。
味苦，寒、微寒，无毒。主热气，目痛 伤泣出，明目，肠 ，腹痛，下痢，妇人阴中
肿痛。五脏冷热，久下泄 ，
脓血，止消渴，大惊，除水利骨，调胃，浓肠，益胆，疗口疮。久
生巫阳川谷及蜀郡太山。二
月、八月采。
黄芩、龙骨、理石为之使，恶菊花、芫花、玄参、白藓，畏款冬，胜乌头，解巴豆毒。
巫阳在建平。今西间者色浅
而虚，不及东阳、新安诸县最胜。临海诸县者不佳。用之当布裹 去毛，令如连珠。俗方多
疗下痢及渴，道方服食长生。
〔谨案〕蜀道者粗大节平，味极浓苦，疗渴为最。江东者节如连珠，疗痢大善。今沣州
者更胜。
味苦，微寒，无毒。主血积惊气，除寒热，补中，益肺气。疗胃痹心腹痛，结热邪气，
头痛，皮间邪热，安五脏，
补中。久服利人。一名知母，一名苦心，一名志取，一名虎须，一
文希。生河内川谷及宛朐般
阳续山。二月、八月采根，曝干。
恶防己，反藜芦。今出近道，丛生，叶似枸杞，根白实者佳。此沙参并人参、玄参、丹
参、苦参是为五参，其形
不尽相类，而主疗颇同，故皆有参名。又有紫参，正名牡蒙，在中品。
〔谨案〕紫参、牡蒙各是一物，非异名也。今沙参出华州为善。
[Qiansui Zhi (Thousand-Year Vine Juice)]
The flavor is sweet, the nature is neutral, and it is non-toxic. It primarily tonifies the five zang organs, supplements qi, reinforces sinews and bones, promotes muscle growth, and expels various bi syndromes (obstruction syndromes). Long-term consumption makes the body light, prevents hunger, delays aging, and clarifies the mind (shen). It is also known as "Wu". It grows in the valleys of Mount Tai.
It grows as a vine; the stem resembles that of a grapevine, the leaves resemble those of "Guibao" (a type of plant), it climbs over trees, and its juice is white. Currently, secular physicians and prescriptions no longer recognize or use this herb. The "Immortal Classics" require it in several places, yet people near and far, both Daoist practitioners and laypeople, fail to identify it. This is not an extremely rare strange object, but rather a result of insufficient research, inquiry, and identification.
[Note] This is the juice of the vine. Some vines of this species may live for a thousand years; their stems are as thick as a bowl. In winter, only the leaves wither, while the stems remain alive. The vine juice is sweet in flavor, and the fruit is sour. The seedling resembles a grapevine. The stem is excellent for treating hiccups (e ni) and is particularly effective for vomiting and hiccups following a cold damage (Shanghan) disease.
[Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome)]
The flavor is bitter, the nature is cold and slightly cold, and it is non-toxic. It primarily clears heat fire, treats eye pain with tearing, brightens the eyes, treats intestinal dysentery (chang pi), abdominal pain, diarrhea, and swelling and pain in the female genitalia. It regulates cold and heat imbalances in the five zang organs, treats chronic diarrhea, pus and blood in stool, stops thirst (xiaoke), treats severe fright, promotes diuresis and strengthens bones, harmonizes the stomach, consolidates the intestines, benefits the gallbladder, and treats mouth ulcers. It grows in the valleys of Wuyang and Mount Tai in Shu Commandery. It is harvested in the second and eighth lunar months.
Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Longgu (Fossilized Bones), and Lishi (Calcitum) serve as its guiding herbs (shi). It is incompatible with Juhua (Chrysanthemum Flower), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos), Xuanshen (Scrophularia Root), and Baixianpi (Dictamnus Bark); it is adverse to Kuandonghua (Adenophora Flower); it overcomes Aconite (Wutou); and it resolves the toxicity of Ban Dou (Croton Seed). Wuyang is located in Jianping. Currently, those from the western regions are pale in color and loose in texture, inferior to those from Dongyang, Xin'an, and other counties, which are the best. Those from Linhai counties are not good. When used, they should be wrapped in cloth and rubbed to remove the hairs, making them resemble linked pearls. Secular prescriptions often use it to treat dysentery and thirst, while Daoist prescriptions use it for ingestion to achieve longevity.
[Note] Those from the Shu road are coarse, large, with flat nodes, and have an extremely bitter taste; they are best for treating thirst. Those from Jiangdong have nodes resembling linked pearls and are excellent for treating dysentery. Currently, those from Fengzhou are superior.
[Shashen (Adenophora Root)]
The flavor is bitter, the nature is slightly cold, and it is non-toxic. It primarily treats blood accumulation and frightful qi, expels cold and heat, tonifies the middle jiao, and benefits lung qi. It treats gastric bi with heart and abdominal pain, accumulated heat pathogenic qi, headache, pathogenic heat in the skin, calms the five zang organs, and tonifies the middle. Long-term consumption is beneficial to humans. It is also known as Zhimu, Kuxin, Zhiqu, Huxu, and Yiwenxi. It grows in the valleys of Henei and Banyang Xushan in Wanqu. The roots are harvested in the second and eighth lunar months and dried in the sun.
It is incompatible with Fangji (Aristolochia Root) and counter-indicated with Lilu (Veratrum Root). Currently, those from nearby roads grow in clusters, with leaves resembling Lycium (Gouqi), and roots that are white and solid are considered superior. This Shashen, along with Renshen (Ginseng Root), Xuanshen (Scrophularia Root), Danshen (Salvia Root), and Kushen (Sophora Root), constitutes the "Five Ginsengs." Their shapes are not entirely similar, but their therapeutic effects are quite alike, hence all bear the name "Shen" (Ginseng/Participating). There is also Zishen, whose correct name is Mumeng, listed in the Middle Category.
[Note] Zishen and Mumeng are each distinct substances, not alternative names for the same thing. Currently, those from Huazhou are the best.