味辛，温、生温、熟寒，有大毒。主伤寒，温疟，寒热，破症瘕，结坚积聚，留饮痰 ，
大腹水胀，荡练五脏六腑，
开通闭塞，利水谷道，去恶肉，除鬼蛊毒疰、邪物，杀虫鱼。疗女子月闭，烂胎，金创，脓
血，不利丈夫阴，杀斑蝥毒。
可炼饵之，益血脉，令人色好，变化与鬼神通。一名巴椒。生巴郡山谷。八月采实，阴干之，
用去心皮。
芫花为之使，恶 草，畏大黄、黄连、藜芦。出巴郡，似大豆，最能利人，新者佳。用
之皆去心皮乃称，又熬令黄
黑，别捣如膏，乃合和丸散耳。道方亦有炼饵法，服之乃言神仙。人
吞一枚，便欲死，而鼠食之，三年重卅斤，物性乃有相耐如此耳。
〔谨案〕树高丈余，叶
似樱桃叶，头微尖，十二月
叶渐凋，至四月落尽，五月叶渐生，七月花，八月结实，九月成，十月采其子，三枚共蒂，
各有壳裹。出眉州、嘉州者
良。
味辛，温、大热，有毒。主邪气咳逆，温中，逐骨节皮肤死肌，寒湿痹痛，下气。除五
脏
六腑寒冷，伤寒，温疟，大风，汗不出，心腹留饮宿食，止肠 下利，泄精，字乳余疾，散
风邪瘕结，水肿，黄胆，鬼
疰，蛊毒，杀虫鱼毒。久服之头不白，轻身增年。开腠理，通血脉，坚齿发，调关节，耐寒
暑，可作膏药。多食令人乏
气，口闭者杀人。一名巴椒，一名卢 。生武都川谷及巴郡。八月采实，阴干。
杏仁为之使，畏橐吾。出蜀郡北部，人家种之，皮肉浓，腹里白，气味浓。江阳晋原及
建平间亦有而细赤，辛而不
香，力势不如巴郡。巴椒，有毒不可服，而此为一名，恐不尔。又有秦椒，黑色，在上品中。
凡用椒皆火微熬之，令汗
出，谓为汗椒，令有力势。椒目冷利去水，则入药不得相杂耳。
〔谨案〕椒目，味苦，寒，
无毒。主水腹胀满，利小便。
今椒出金州西域者，最善。
[Radix Crotonis Tiglii (Badou)]
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature (raw is warm, processed is cold), highly toxic. It primarily treats Shanghan (Cold Damage disease), Wen Nue (Warm Malaria), and alternating chills and fever; it breaks up Zheng Jia (abdominal masses) and Ji Ju (accumulations), hard accumulations, retained fluids and phlegm; eliminates abdominal distension and water swelling; purges the five zang and six fu organs; opens blockages and obstructions; promotes the flow of water and grain through the digestive tract; removes foul flesh (necrotic tissue); expels Gui Zhu Gu Du (ghostly infections and toxins) and evil substances; kills fish parasites. It treats amenorrhea in women, rotting fetus, Jin Chuang (metal weapon injuries), pus and blood discharge; addresses impotence or sexual dysfunction in men; kills the toxicity of Mylabris (Ban Mao).
It can be refined and taken as an elixir to benefit the blood vessels, improve complexion, and its effects are miraculous, akin to communicating with spirits. Also known as Ba Jiao. Grows in the valleys of Ba Commandery. Harvest the fruits in August, dry them in the shade, and remove the heart and peel before use.
Yuan Hua (Genkwa Flos) serves as the guiding herb (Shi Yao). It is incompatible with E Cao (a type of plant) and fears Da Huang (Rhubarb Root), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome), and Li Lu (Veratrum Root). It originates from Ba Commandery, resembles soybeans, is most effective for promoting bodily functions, and fresh ones are superior. When used, the heart and peel must always be removed. Then, stir-fry until yellow-black, pound separately into a paste, and only then combine to form pills or powders. Daoist formulas also have refinement methods, claiming that taking it leads to immortality. If a human swallows one seed, they may feel like dying, whereas a rat eating it gains weight up to thirty jin over three years. The nature of things exhibits such mutual tolerance.
[Verification]
The tree is over ten chi tall. Leaves resemble cherry leaves, slightly pointed at the tip. Leaves gradually wither in December, fall completely by April, regrow in May, flower in July, bear fruit in August, mature in September, and seeds are harvested in October. Three seeds share a stalk, each wrapped in a shell. Those from Meizhou and Jiazhou are of good quality.
[Sichuan Pepper / Zanthoxylum Bungeanum (Shujiao)]
Pungent in flavor, warm (very hot) in nature, toxic. It primarily treats cough and qi reversal caused by evil pathogens, warms the middle jiao, drives out dead muscle in joints and skin, alleviates bi-syndrome pain due to cold-dampness, and directs rebellious qi downward. It eliminates coldness in the five zang and six fu organs, treats Shanghan, Wen Nue, Feng Bing (severe wind diseases like leprosy), anhidrosis (absence of sweating), retained fluids and undigested food in the heart and abdomen, stops intestinal dysentery and diarrhea, treats seminal emission, manages postpartum residual ailments, disperses wind-pathogen induced masses, reduces edema, jaundice, Gui Zhu, Gu Du, and kills fish parasite toxins. Long-term consumption prevents graying of hair, lightens the body, and increases longevity. It opens the couli (pores/skin texture), unblocks blood vessels, strengthens teeth and hair, harmonizes joints, enhances resistance to cold and heat, and can be made into plasters. Excessive consumption causes fatigue and qi deficiency; those who develop closed mouth symptoms may die. Also known as Ba Jiao or Lu Jiao. Grows in the river valleys of Wudu and Ba Commandery. Harvest fruits in August, dry in the shade.
Xing Ren (Apricot Seed) serves as the guiding herb (Shi Yao). It fears Luo Wu (Lithospermum Root). Originates from northern Shu Commandery. Cultivated varieties have thick skin and flesh, white interior, and strong aroma. Varieties from Jiangyang, Jinyuan, and Jianping are smaller, reddish, pungent but not fragrant, and less potent than those from Ba Commandery. Ba Jiao is toxic and should not be taken internally; this item being named similarly suggests they might not be identical. There is also Qin Jiao (Qin Pepper), which is black and classified in the superior grade.
Generally, peppers are lightly stir-fried over fire until "sweating" appears, known as Han Jiao (Sweated Pepper), to enhance potency. Jiao Mu (Pepper Seeds) are bitter, cold, non-toxic, treat abdominal water distension, and promote urination. Currently, peppers from Jiazhou and Western Regions are considered the best.