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Taste is sweet, nature is neutral, non-toxic. It primarily treats hernia and mass accumulation in the heart and abdomen (Xinfu shenjia), mouth ulcers (Kouchuang), and umbilical injuries (Qishang). Also known as Jingbian.

It primarily treats toothache (Chitong), relieves thirst, and lightens the body. It grows on the south side of mountains, with stems that spread and are as thick as Abelmoschus esculentus leaves; seeds are smooth and small.

Taste is bitter, nature is cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats tinea (Jie) and various chronic ulcers that do not heal for a long time, removes necrotic tissue (Shengsi ji), and clears intense heat; it should be boiled and washed externally. Harvested in August, resembling [missing character].

Taste is bitter. It primarily treats pruritic sores on the body, white alopecia capitis (Baitu), and lacquer dermatitis (Qichuang); wash with water. Grows in Fangling.

Taste is sweet, nature is neutral, non-toxic. It primarily treats diabetes mellitus (Xiaoke), shortness of breath (Shaoqi), and enables resistance to cold. Grows in household gardens, with thick branches and many long roots; leaves grow in opposite pairs; seeds resemble mustard seeds.

Taste is sour, non-toxic. It primarily supplements qi (Yiqi) and induces sweating (Chuhan). Also known as Junju, Yanc grass, Daozhi, and Zisi. Grows on the north side of mountains, resembling Orchids, with dark, dense leaves and white sheaths covering the stem; fruits are reddish-black. Roots harvested in September.

Taste is bitter. It primarily treats febrile conditions (Shenre) and pathogenic factors (Xieqi); for pediatric fever, use for bathing. Grows in valleys, also known as Wangcao.

Taste is sour, nature is warm, non-toxic. It primarily treats flaccidity syndromes (Weibi). Also known as Leichong. Grows in high ground in fields, leaves resembling Cnidoscolus quinquangularis (Tianmingjing), with beautiful roots. Harvested in May.

Taste is sweet, non-toxic. It primarily treats carbuncles and swellings (Yongzhong) and malignant sores (Echuang); boil and wash externally. Also known as Chenyao, Chengu, and Guise. Grows in plains and marshes, harvested in August.

Kills rats and brightens the eyes. Also known as Baihe. Fruits are dense; grows among trees, stems are yellow; fruits turn black like soybeans in July. Additionally, seeds of Eucommia ulmoides are also called Zhuzhe.

It primarily treats cough with counterflow qi (Ke ni shangqi), benefits lung qi (Yi feiqi), and calms the five zang organs (An wuzang). Also known as Yuxun and Yujing. Harvested in March, dried in shade.

Taste is sweet, toxic. It primarily treats heart and abdominal pain (Xinfu tong). Insufficient efficacy after refining. Leaves resemble Imperata cylindrica (Mangcao), grows in winter, burned to ash.

Taste is pungent, toxic. Used for hot compresses on carbuncles and swelling (Yongzhong) and abdominal distension (Fuzhang). Also known as Gaoyu and Zaizao.

Taste is bitter, non-toxic. Primarily treats ear disorders (Yi'er). Also known as Maer.

Treats burns and ulceration (Zhuolan). Harvested in August and October, dried in shade.

Grows on rocks, [missing character] it. Daily softness used for bathing.

Taste is sweet, non-toxic. Primarily treats pain relief (Zhutong) and removes blood stasis (Chu xue).

Taste is sour, non-toxic. Primarily treats liver pathogenic factors (Gan xieqi). Also known as Dufeng.