【歌】齿牙由是骨之余，齿豁须知肾气虚。龈断动摇生肿痛，阳明风湿热寒殊。口为脾窍能知味，臭恶
应知热在脾。口舌生疮心壅热，究其虚实病根除。
【论】夫齿者，肾之标，骨之余也。口者，脾之窍。舌者，心之苗。诸经多会于口齿，齿为手足阳明之
所过。上齿隶于坤土，足阳明胃脉贯络也，止而不动，喜寒饮而恶热饮。下龈属手阳明大肠脉贯络也，嚼物动
而不休，喜热饮而恶寒饮，故为病不一。热甚则动摇，龈断袒脱作痛不已也，虚则齿豁焦槁而摇落，所疗不同。
故有恶寒作痛者；有恶热作痛者；有恶寒又恶热作痛者；有恶寒饮少热饮多而作痛者；有牙齿动摇作痛者；有
齿袒作痛者；有齿为疳所蚀缺少，血出为痛者；有齿肿龈宣为痛者；有脾胃中有风邪，但觉风而作痛者；有牙
齿为虫所蚀缺少而色变作痛者；有胃中气少，不能御于寒，袒露其齿而作痛者；有齿痛而臭秽不可近者。其
痛非一，治疗各异，当究其经络虚实，寒热之候调之。口舌生疮臭恶者，心脾之热也；唇口肿胀 动者，风热
为患也。各审其证而治之，无不验也。
【脉】齿痛肾虚，尺虚而大。火盛尺洪，疏摇豁坏。右寸关数，或洪而弦，此属肠胃，风热多涎。
齿病
因服热药，上下齿疼不可忍，引头脑痛，满面发热，喜寒恶热，清胃汤。阳明受风，引烟熏之。热烦颊
车连口唇肿痛，犀角升麻散。大寒犯脑连齿痛，白芷散、梧桐泪散。牙痛不可忍，姜黄散、羊胫灰散。肾虚齿
黑烂肿痛，安肾丸、牢牙散。虫牙，天仙子烧烟，竹筒抵牙引烟熏之，或砂糖丸塞。风蛀牙痛，腮颔浮肿，细
辛散、立效散、玉池散选用。
清胃汤（方见火证条下。）
犀角升麻汤
治阳明受风热，口唇颊车连牙肿痛。
犀角（镑碎，七钱） 升麻（五钱） 防风（去芦，五钱） 羌活（去芦，五钱） 川芎（五钱） 白芷
（五钱） 黄芩（三钱） 白附子（一钱五分） 甘草（一钱五分）
每服七钱，水二钟，煎一钟，食后漱服。
白芷散
大寒犯脑，牙齿疼痛。
羌活（八分，去芦） 麻黄（一钱，去节） 黄 （一钱） 草豆蔻（一钱，炒） 升麻（八分） 吴茱
萸（一钱） 白芷（一钱） 当归（一钱） 熟地黄（五分） 本（三分） 桂枝（二分半）
末之，漱净擦齿。
梧桐泪散
治阳明风热，齿龈攻注肿痛烦闷。
梧桐泪（五钱） 石胆矾（五钱） 黄矾（五钱） 芦荟（五钱） 升麻（五钱）
血余（ ，三钱） 麝香（三钱） 朱砂（二钱五分） 细辛（二钱五分） 当归（二钱五分） 川芎（二钱
五分） 牛膝（二钱五分）
末之，先以甘草汤漱口，后用药敷之，尝用擦牙效。
姜黄散
治一切风热、虫蛀牙齿疼痛不可忍。
姜黄（一钱） 细辛（一钱） 白芷（一钱）
末之，擦患处，须臾吐涎，盐汤漱口，极效。
羊胫灰散
治牙齿疼痛难忍，用之擦齿立止，神效。
地骨皮（五钱） 羊胫灰（五钱） 石膏（五钱， ） 升麻（五钱）
共为末，擦齿上。
安肾丸
肾虚牙齿疼痛。
苁蓉（酒浸，一两） 白术（一两） 干山药（一两） 桃仁（去皮、尖，炒，一两） 石斛（一两） 萆
（一两） 川乌（去皮，一两） 补骨脂（炒，一两） 白蒺藜（炒，去刺，一两） 巴戟（去皮、心，一两）
蜜丸，盐汤下。
牢牙散
注颜补肾，牢牙固齿。
青盐（七钱） 细辛（七钱） 当归（酒洗，一两） 川芎（一两）
末之，每用少许，清晨擦牙漱满口，连药咽之即愈。
砂糖丸
治虫蛀牙齿疼痛不休，此药神效。
矿灰（不拘多少）
末之，砂糖和丸，如米粒大，塞蛀孔中。
细辛散
治风蛀牙疼，腮颔肿胀。
荆芥穗（一两） 细辛（一两） 砂仁（五钱） 白芷（二两） 川椒（二两，去目） 草乌（二两） 鹤虱
（五钱） 猪牙皂角（五钱） 荜茇（五钱）
末之，每用少许，频擦患处。
立效散
治一切牙齿疼痛。
川椒（一两，去目） 露蜂房（一两） 青盐（一两）
水煎，漱口即愈。
玉池散
治风蛀牙疼，肿痒动摇，溃烂宣露出血，口气。
地骨皮（八分） 白芷（八分） 升麻（七分） 防风（去芦，七分） 细辛（七分） 川芎（七分） 槐花
（一钱） 当归（一钱） 本（七分） 甘草（六分）
为末，每用一字擦之即止。或痛甚，取二钱，水一钟半，黑豆半合，姜三片，煎服。
口病
口疮，阴阳散敷之。口舌生疮，桃花散，内服甘桔汤。内热口疮及咽喉肿痛，升麻汤。口疮烂臭，赴筵散、
黄丹散。口热臭气，芎芷散。唇口 动或生核，薏苡仁汤。口舌生疮，冰柏丸。
阴阳散
口舌生疮，疼痛臭烂，用之即效，如神药也。
干姜（五钱） 黄连（五钱）
末之，干掺舌上。
桃花散
治证同前。
玄胡索（一两） 黄柏（五钱） 黄连（五钱） 青黛（二钱） 密陀僧（二钱）
末之，用竹管吹入口内。
甘桔汤（方见咳嗽条下。）
升麻汤
治上膈热毒，口舌生疮，咽喉肿痛。
升麻（八分） 白芍药（一钱） 人参（一钱，去芦） 桔梗（一钱，去芦） 干葛（一钱） 甘草（一钱）
姜三片，水二盏，食后频服。
赴筵散
治口疮舌烂，臭秽不可近。
铜绿（一两） 白芷（一两）
末之，掺于舌上，温醋漱之。
黄丹散
治满口疮烂。
黄丹（一两） 蜜（一两）
盏盛甑内蒸一伏时，鹅翎刷上。
芎芷散（方见头痛条下。）
薏苡仁汤
治风热在脾，唇口 动，或结核浮肿。
赤小豆（三钱） 防己（三钱） 甘草（三钱） 薏苡仁（三钱）
上锉，每服七钱，生姜三片，水二盏，煎八分，食远服。
冰柏丸
治口疮。
片脑（一钱） 薄荷（二钱） 黄柏（二钱） 硼砂（二钱）
末之，生蜜丸弹子大，每用一丸，噙化。
唇舌病
舌忽然肿硬如石，血出如涌泉，蒲黄散。舌衄、齿衄，必胜散。舌疮，绿云散。舌连喉痛，薄荷煎。茧唇，
黄柏散。脾经风热燥烈，金色泻黄饮。
蒲黄散
治舌上出血。
海螵蛸（一钱） 蒲黄（一钱，炒）
末之，干掺舌上。
必胜散
治舌衄、齿衄。
蒲黄（炒，一钱） 螺青（一钱）
掺舌上，盐汤漱。
绿云散
治口舌疮烂。
黄柏（蜜炙，五钱） 青黛（一钱）
末之，掺于患处。
薄荷煎
治口舌生疮，咽喉肿痛，痰涎壅盛。
薄荷（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 川芎（二钱） 片脑（五分）
末之，蜜和成剂，随意嚼服。
黄柏散
治茧唇。
黄柏皮（二两） 五倍子（二钱，为末） 密陀僧（二钱，为末） 甘草（二钱，为末）
三味为末涂柏上，炙干，刮片贴唇上。
金色泻黄饮
白芷（二钱） 升麻（二钱） 枳壳（炒，二钱） 黄芩（炒，二钱） 防风（去芦，二钱） 半夏（二
钱） 石斛（二钱） 甘草（一钱）
分作二帖，每帖加生姜三片，食后服。
[Song] Teeth are the surplus of bone; sparse teeth indicate deficiency of Kidney Qi. Broken gums, mobility, swelling, and pain differ due to Wind-Dampness, Heat, or Cold in the Yangming channels. The mouth is the orifice of the Spleen, capable of tasting flavors; foul odor indicates Heat in the Spleen. Sores on the mouth and tongue result from Heart Fire congestion and Heat; investigate deficiency and excess to eliminate the root of the disease.
[Discussion] Teeth are the manifestation of the Kidneys and the surplus of bones. The mouth is the orifice of the Spleen. The tongue is the sprout of the Heart. Various meridians converge at the mouth and teeth; the teeth are traversed by the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians. Upper teeth belong to Kun Earth (Spleen/Stomach), connected by the Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian; they remain still, prefer cold drinks, and dislike hot drinks. Lower gums belong to the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian; they move constantly during chewing, prefer hot drinks, and dislike cold drinks. Thus, diseases vary. Severe Heat causes mobility, gum breakdown, exposure, and unceasing pain; Deficiency causes sparse, scorched, mobile, and falling teeth; treatments differ accordingly. Some hate cold and have pain; some hate heat and have pain; some hate both cold and heat and have pain; some drink little hot and much cold liquid and have pain; some have painful tooth mobility; some have exposed teeth with pain; some have teeth eroded by "Gan" parasites, missing, bleeding, and painful; some have swollen teeth and exposed gums with pain; some have Wind pathogen in Spleen/Stomach, feeling only wind-induced pain; some have teeth eroded by worms, missing, discolored, and painful; some have deficient Stomach Qi unable to resist Cold, exposing teeth with pain; some have toothache with foul breath that cannot be approached. Pain causes vary, so treatments differ. One must investigate meridian deficiency/excess and Cold/Heat patterns to regulate. Mouth/tongue sores with foul odor indicate Heart/Spleen Heat; lip/mouth swelling and throbbing indicate Wind-Heat. Examining symptoms carefully ensures efficacy.
[Pulse] Toothache due to Kidney Deficiency: Chi pulse is weak and large. Excessive Fire: Chi pulse is surging; teeth become loose and broken. Right Cun/Guan pulses are rapid, or surging and wiry: this belongs to Intestines/Stomach, often Wind-Heat with excessive saliva.
[Tooth Diseases] Due to taking hot medicines, upper/lower teeth hurt unbearably, radiating to head, facial heat, preferring cold/disliking heat: Qingwei Tang. Yangming channel affected by Wind, use smoke inhalation. Heat/irritation causing Jiache point to lip swelling/pain: Xijiao Shengma San. Severe Cold invading brain connecting to teeth: Baizhi San, Wutonglei San. Unbearable toothache: Jianghuang San, Yangjinghui San. Kidney Deficiency causing black/rotting/swollen/painful teeth: Anshen Wan, Laoya San. Worm teeth: burn Tianxianzi smoke, use bamboo tube to fumigate teeth, or insert Sugar Pill. Wind-borer toothache, cheek/jaw swelling: select Xixin San, Lixiao San, Yuchi San.
Qingwei Tang (See Fire Syndrome section)
Xijiao Shengma Decoction
Treats Yangming Wind-Heat, mouth/lip/Jiache/tooth swelling and pain.
Rhinoceros Horn (sliced, 7 qian) *Panax notoginseng* (5 qian) *Saposhnikovia divaricata* (de-rhizome, 5 qian) *Notopterygium incisum* (de-rhizome, 5 qian) *Ligusticum chuanxiong* (5 qian) *Angelica dahurica* (5 qian) *Scutellaria baicalensis* (3 qian) *Aconitum carmichaelii* processed (1.5 qian) *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* (1.5 qian)
Take 7 qian per dose, boil in 2 zhong water to 1 zhong, gargle and swallow after meals.
Baizhi Powder
Severe Cold invading brain, toothache.
*Notopterygium incisum* (8 fen, de-rhizome) *Ephedra sinica* (1 qian, remove joints) *Astragalus membranaceus* (1 qian) *Cardamomum fructus* (1 qian, stir-fried) *Cimicifuga foetida* (8 fen) *Evodia rutaecarpa* (1 qian) *Angelica dahurica* (1 qian) *Angelica sinensis* (1 qian) *Rehmannia glutinosa* prepared (0.5 qian) *Ligusticum sinense* (3 fen) *Cinnamomum cassia* (0.25 qian)
Grind to powder, rinse mouth then rub teeth.
Wutonglei Powder
Treats Yangming Wind-Heat, gum infiltration, swelling, pain, and oppression.
Liquidambar resin (5 qian) Alum stone (5 qian) Yellow alum (5 qian) Aloe vera (5 qian) *Cimicifuga foetida* (5 qian) Human hair ash (calcined, 3 qian) Musk (3 qian) Cinnabar (2.5 qian) *Asarum heterotropoides* (2.5 qian) *Angelica sinensis* (2.5 qian) *Ligusticum chuanxiong* (2.5 qian) *Achyranthes bidentata* (2.5 qian)
Grind to powder, rinse with Licorice decoction first, then apply. Effective for rubbing teeth.
Jianghuang Powder
Treats all Wind-Heat and worm-borer toothaches unbearable.
*Curcuma longa* (1 qian) *Asarum heterotropoides* (1 qian) *Angelica dahurica* (1 qian)
Grind to powder, rub on affected area, expect salivation soon, rinse with salt water. Very effective.
Yangjinghui Powder
Treats unbearable toothache; stops immediately upon rubbing teeth. Divine effect.
*Dendrobium officinale* bark (5 qian) Sheep tibia ash (5 qian) Gypsum fibrosum (5 qian, calcined) *Cimicifuga foetida* (5 qian)
Grind together, rub on teeth.
Anshen Pill
Kidney Deficiency toothache.
*Cistanche deserticola* (wine-soaked, 1 liang) *Atractylodes macrocephala* (1 liang) Dried Yam (1 liang) Peach Kernel (remove skin/spirit, fried, 1 liang) *Dendrobium nobile* (1 liang) *Dioscorea hypoglauca* rhizome (1 liang) *Aconitum carmichaelii* processed (de-skin, 1 liang) *Psoralea corylifolia* (fried, 1 liang) *Tribulus terrestris* (fried, remove spines, 1 liang) Morinda officinalis (de-skin/core, 1 liang)
Honey pills, take with salt water.
Laoya Powder
Nourishes face, tonifies Kidney, strengthens teeth.
Green Salt (7 qian) *Asarum heterotropoides* (7 qian) *Angelica sinensis* (wine-washed, 1 liang) *Ligusticum chuanxiong* (1 liang)
Grind to powder, use a small amount every morning to brush teeth and gargle full mouth, swallow medicine with saliva for cure.
Sugar Pill
Treats continuous pain from worm-borer teeth. Divine effect.
Mineral ash (any amount)
Grind to powder, mix with sugar into pills size of rice grains, insert into cavities.
Xixin Powder
Treats Wind-borer toothache, cheek/jaw swelling.
*Schizonepeta tenuifolia* (1 liang) *Asarum heterotropoides* (1 liang) Amomum fruit (5 qian) *Angelica dahurica* (2 liang) Sichuan Pepper (2 liang, remove eyes) Aconite tuber (2 liang) *Nemopanthus bissei* (5 qian) Pig tooth soap pod (5 qian) Long pepper (5 qian)
Grind to powder, use small amount frequently rub on affected area.
Lixiao Powder
Treats all toothaches.
Sichuan Pepper (1 liang, remove eyes) Honeycomb (1 liang) Green Salt (1 liang)
Boil in water, gargle for cure.
Yuchi Powder
Treats Wind-borer toothache, swelling/itching/mobility, ulceration/exposure/bleeding, foul breath.
*Dendrobium officinale* bark (8 fen) *Angelica dahurica* (8 fen) *Cimicifuga foetida* (7 fen) *Saposhnikovia divaricata* (de-rhizome, 7 fen) *Asarum heterotropoides* (7 fen) *Ligusticum chuanxiong* (7 fen) Sophora flower (1 qian) *Angelica sinensis* (1 qian) *Ligusticum sinense* (7 fen) *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* (6 fen)
Grind to powder, use one character measure to rub, stops pain. If severe pain, take 2 qian, boil in 1.5 zhong water with half he of black beans and 3 slices ginger, drink.
[Mouth Diseases] Mouth sores: apply Yinyang San. Mouth/tongue sores: internal Ganjie Tang. Internal Heat mouth sores and throat swelling: Shengma Tang. Ulcerated/foul mouth sores: Fuyan San, Huangdan San. Hot/foul breath: Xiongzhi San. Lip/mouth twitching or nodules: Yiyiren Tang. Mouth/tongue sores: Bingbai Wan.
Yinyang San
Mouth/tongue sores, painful/foul/ulcerated; effective as divine medicine.
Dried Ginger (5 qian) *Scutellaria baicalensis* (5 qian)
Grind to powder, dry sprinkle on tongue.
Taohua San
Same indications as above.
Corydalis (1 liang) *Phellodendron amurense* (5 qian) *Scutellaria baicalensis* (5 qian) Indigo naturalis (2 qian) Lead monoxide (2 qian)
Grind to powder, blow into mouth via bamboo tube.
Ganjie Decoction (See Cough section)
Shengma Decoction
Treats Upper Jiao Heat-Toxin, mouth/tongue sores, throat swelling/pain.
*Cimicifuga foetida* (8 fen) White Peony Root (1 qian) Ginseng (1 qian, de-rhizome) Platycodon root (1 qian, de-rhizome) Kudzu root (1 qian) *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* (1 qian)
3 slices ginger, 2 zhan water, frequent intake after meals.
Fuyan San
Treats mouth sores/tongue ulcers, foul/unapproachable odor.
Verdigris (1 liang) *Angelica dahurica* (1 liang)
Grind to powder, sprinkle on tongue, gargle with warm vinegar.
Huangdan San
Treats full-mouth ulcers.
Lead monoxide (1 liang) Honey (1 liang)
Steam in steamer for one shichen, apply with goose feather brush.
Xiongzhi San (See Headache section)
Yiyiren Decoction
Treats Wind-Heat in Spleen, lip/mouth twitching, or nodular swelling.
Adzuki bean (3 qian) *Stephania tetrandra* (3 qian) *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* (3 qian) Coix seed (3 qian)
Chop, take 7 qian per dose, 3 slices ginger, 2 zhan water, boil to 0.8 zhan, take long after meal.
Bingbai Pill
Treats mouth sores.
Borneol (1 qian) Mint (2 qian) *Phellodendron amurense* (2 qian) Borax (2 qian)
Grind to powder, form pill size of bullet with raw honey, hold one pill in mouth to dissolve.
[Lip/Tongue Diseases] Sudden tongue swelling/hardness like stone, bleeding like spring: Puhuang San. Tongue epistaxis/dental epistaxis: Bisheng San. Tongue sores: Lvyun San. Tongue/throat pain: Bohe Decoction. Cocoon lip: Huangbai San. Spleen Channel Wind-Heat/Dryness: Jinse Xiehuang Yin.
Puhuang San
Treats tongue bleeding.
Cuttlebone (1 qian) *Pueraria lobata* pollen (1 qian, fried)
Grind to powder, dry sprinkle on tongue.
Bisheng San
Treats tongue/dental epistaxis.
*Pueraria lobata* pollen (fried, 1 qian) Blue pigment (1 qian)
Sprinkle on tongue, gargle with salt water.
Lvyun San
Treats mouth/tongue ulcers.
*Phellodendron amurense* (honey-fried, 5 qian) Indigo naturalis (1 qian)
Grind to powder, sprinkle on affected area.
Bohe Decoction
Treats mouth/tongue sores, throat swelling/pain, phlegm-fluid congestion.
Mint (2 qian) *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* (1 qian) *Ligusticum chuanxiong* (2 qian) Borneol (0.5 qian)
Grind to powder, mix with honey into paste, chew as desired.
Huangbai San
Treats cocoon lip.
*Phellodendron amurense* bark (2 liang) Chinese gall (2 qian, powder) Lead monoxide (2 qian, powder) *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* (2 qian, powder)
Mix three powders onto paulownia leaf, bake dry, scrape off and paste on lip.
Jinse Xiehuang Yin
*Angelica dahurica* (2 qian) *Cimicifuga foetida* (2 qian) Bitter Orange (fried, 2 qian) *Scutellaria baicalensis* (fried, 2 qian) *Saposhnikovia divaricata* (de-rhizome, 2 qian) Pinellia ternate (2 qian) *Dendrobium nobile* (2 qian) *Glycyrrhiza uralensis* (1 qian)
Divide into two doses, add 3 slices ginger per dose, take after meal.