（此方但能克日取效也。）
川芎（酒浸） 白蒺藜（炒，去刺） 白术 木贼（去节） 甘草（炙） 羌活 青葙子 菟丝子（照
前制） 密蒙花 防风 家菊花 楮实 川当归（酒洗）
上药十三味，各二两为末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大，每服三十丸白汤送下，或盐汤
送下亦可。
乌头（五钱，去尖） 巴豆（五钱） 硫黄 麻黄（各三钱五分） 木鳖子（五个） 乌梅（五个）
上用药同针入罐内水煮一日，洗净去锈，再用止痛药煮过。
乳香 没药 当归 花药面（各二分半）
又煮一日取出针，用皂角水洗，再用狗肉血内煮一日，仍用瓦屑打磨干净，正
直，又用菘子油涂，常要近人气，针则不痛矣。
一问曰∶人病患眼者，何也？
答曰∶或因酒色、忧愁、思忆、悲哀，或因食咸酸，血气不均，肝经损动，久
则患目矣。
二问曰∶眼赤而痛者，何也？
答曰∶五脏积热，毒传于肝木，目乃肝之外象，肝受邪气，使血散乱，流注于
目，故赤而痛也。宜服酒调散、四顺散、八解散。
三问曰∶赤而不痛者，何也？
答曰∶乃肝实也。肝者，血之源。肝实则血盛，血盛则流注于四肢，血气上冲，
侵于睛瞳，目受其血，故赤而不痛也。宜服四顺散、拨云散、八解散、洗心散、泻
肝散。
四问曰∶眼赤而昏者，何也？
答曰∶乃肝虚也。肝主木，木生火，火发则木衰。火属心，心主血，血随火升
而上灌于目，侵于瞳人，故眼赤而昏也。宜服洗肝补胆散、活血散、顺肝散、还光
丸、黄 丸。
五问曰∶大 赤者，何也？
答曰∶乃心实也。五脏分布皆属于心。心者，帝王之职，离火之位，热积于中，
火炎于上，故大 赤者，心之实也。宜服三黄丸、洗心散、菊花散。早晨昏，洗
肝散。
六问曰∶小 黄者，何也？
答曰∶乃心虚也。心主火，火乃土之母，子能令母虚，土实则火虚。故脾土之
色应于外，是知心虚而小 黄也。宜服人参茯苓煎、朱砂膏、定志丸。
七问曰∶眼白膜眵多者，何也？
答曰∶乃肺实也。肺属金，金生水，其色白。热伤于肺，故白膜生焉。水溢而
成眵泪，本肺之精华，故泪出自为眵多，结而粘硬也。宜服泻肺散、桑白皮汤、
洗心散。
八问曰∶眵泪多出，稀而不结者，何也？
答曰∶乃肺虚也。肺金受心火邪气所克，则金见火而化水，故水流溢出于泪堂，
故眵泪多稀而不结。宜服阿胶散、艾煎丸、洗肺散、桑白皮汤。
九问曰∶羞明怕日者，何也？
答曰∶乃脾实也。脾属土，土化湿。湿传于肝，肝受脾邪，上腾于目，湿热相
攻，津华涩结不荣于目，故羞明怕日也。宜服密蒙花散、千里光散。
十问曰∶视物不真者，何也？
答曰∶乃脾虚也。盖人身之血气，皆禀受于脾土，上贯于目而为明。脾虚则五
脏之精气皆失所司，不能归明于目矣，故视物不真也。宜服苍术汤、千里光散。
十一问曰∶茫茫黑花如蝇羽者，何也？
答曰∶乃肾实也。肾乃肝之母，母实则荣于子。肝受肾邪，传于胆经，胆为神
水之源，因热邪所干，故时复黑花茫茫如蝇羽飞也。宜服苦参散、猪苓汤、艾煎丸、晚蚕砂汤。
十二问曰∶迎风洒泪者，何也？
答曰∶乃肾虚也。肾虚则不能荣于肝，肝乃肾之子，故木弱而畏风飘，故迎风
洒泪者，肾之虚也。宜服地黄丸、还睛丸、石燕子丸。
十三问曰∶赤筋侵睛者，何也？
答曰∶心乘肝也。心主血，肝藏血而主筋。血侵于筋，流传于目，血筋侵睛者，
故知乘肝也。宜服大当归散、三黄丸，此亦子母相刑之化，大黄汤。
十四问曰∶白膜遮睛者，何也？
答曰∶此肺克肝也。肺金色白，风邪在肺中，其金大旺能克木，故白膜遮睛也。宜服连翘散、密蒙花散。
十五问曰∶迎风燥痒者，何也？
答曰∶肝受邪也。风热之邪侵于肝，肝木招风，故迎风燥动而痒也。宜服荆芥散、青盐散、苦芥子散。
十六问曰∶日中目昏者，何也？
答曰∶痰火所致也。盖真阳之气旺于巳午之时，真阳之气太旺，则心火腾肝而
痰愈壅，故日中目昏也。宜服半夏丸、辰砂丸、桑螵蛸丸。
十七问曰∶早晨目昏者，何也？
答曰∶乃头风攻注也。头为六阳之会，清晨阳气初会于首，又寅卯之时肝木大
旺，肝主风木，故云头风攻注也。宜服芎 散、石膏散、蒺藜散。
十八问曰∶夜间目昏者，何也？
答曰∶乃脑损也。脑者，天真之物行阴道而不行阳道，至申酉戌亥时，寒气方
旺，脑损而被风寒所袭，故目昏也。宜灸风池穴、风府穴。
十九问曰∶夜间目痛者，何也？
答曰∶此阴毒盛也。盖阴好静，阳好动，因气血散漫而行阴道，寒邪克之，使
寒邪之气大盛而妄动，申时痛至寅时，阴之使也。宜服回阳汤、补肾丸、乳香丸。
二十问曰∶白日目痛者，何也？
答曰∶此阳毒盛也。经云∶昼则阳生，夜则阴生，少阳胆经旺于寅，衰于申，故阳毒盛于昼，乃上攻于目而白日痛
也。宜服乳香散、泻心汤、洗肝散。
二十一问曰∶浮翳遮睛者，何也？
答曰∶乃肺经热也。肺者，气之源。气妄动即是火气，盛则火炎于上，热攻于目，故白翳生焉。宜服泻肺汤、三黄
丸、四顺散。
二十二问曰∶抱罗突起者，何也？
答曰∶乃睛之损也。睛者，脏腑之精华，常令清净则无恙矣。苟或热攻于内，毒攻于外，则结成脓血而抱罗突起也。
宜服救睛丸、蝉蜕无比散、珍珠散、珊瑚琥珀膏。
二十三问曰∶眼睫倒入者，何也？
答曰∶乃肺损也。肺者，五脏之华盖，主于皮毛，经云∶一损损于肺，皮聚而
毛落。故知拳毛倒睫者，肺之损也。宜服救睛丸、菊化丸、阿胶煎。
二十四问曰∶青膜遮睛者，何也？
答曰∶此外障也。五脏蕴毒热气攻冲，上侵于目，目属肝，其色青，故生青膜
遮睛也。宜服珊瑚琥珀膏、救睛丸、决明丸、洗肝散。
二十五问曰∶背侧瞳人者，何也？
答曰∶此内障也。五行应变，升降为先，气盛血衰，凝滞不能荣于目，故瞳人
不能转动而背侧也。宜服夜光椒红丸、地黄活血煎、当归鹿茸丸。
二十六问曰∶头晕目昏者，白星乱起，何也？
答曰∶此血衰也。血为一身之荣，周流诸脉。血衰则诸脉不旺，六阳不举，故头晕目昏，白星乱起。宜服川芎散、
当归活血散。
二十七问曰∶眼不痛不痒，赤而昏者，何也？
答曰∶此气衰也。血之流行，随气升降，二者相济则一身通泰。若血结则成痈疽，气凝则成痿痹。是以正气衰弱则
眼目不痛不痒而赤昏也。宜服顺肝丸、透经匀气丸、蝉花散、明目益肾丸、明目地黄丸。
二十八问曰∶血侵睛者，何也？
答曰∶此肝经虚也。目者，肝之候，津液之道路，总脉之所聚也。邪热客于肝，
肝虚则血散，流走两目，故赤而侵睛也。宜服五苓散、补肝丸、连翘散、地黄丸。
二十九问曰∶眼久昏如物遮睛者，何也？
答曰∶此卫实也。卫行脉外而主于气，气实则挟热上冲而侵于目，故久昏如物遮之状。宜服木贼散、连翘散。
三十问曰∶目昏痛而憎寒者，何也？
答曰∶此卫虚也。卫主腠理，卫虚则腠理不密寒邪乘虚而入，故痛而憎寒也。宜服香附猪苓散、白术汤、益黄汤。
三十一问曰∶目痛而体热者，何也？
答曰∶此荣实也。荣卫乃阴阳之道路，在上属心与肺，在下属肾与肝。痛而体热者，邪在心。心者，少阴君火化而
发也。宜服洗心散、解肌汤、菊花饼子。
三十二问曰∶乍明乍暗者，何也？
答曰∶此荣虚也。盖目得血而能视。荣血既虚，则经络之周流有滞而不能常荣
于目矣，故时复乍明乍暗也。宜服调气丸、当归艾煎丸、夜光椒红丸。
三十三问曰∶左眼赤而传于右眼者，何也？
答曰∶此阳经太旺也。六经有阳中之阴，阴中之阳。阳中之阴心也，阴中之阳肝也。心经蕴热，邪传于肝，肝传于
目，左目属太阳，右目属太阴。左目传于右目者，阳经太旺也。宜服木通散、三黄丸、洗心散、五苓散。
三十四问曰∶右眼赤传于左眼者，何也？
答曰∶此阴络太旺也。人有三百六十五络，有阳络，有阴络。阴络之脉系于右目，右目传于左目，故知阴络旺也。
宜服泻肺汤、橘皮汤、导赤汤、苦参散。
三十五问曰∶左右互相赤红者，何也？
答曰∶血邪攻冲也。肝脏不足，为风邪所干，风热相争，左右来往，有偏盛偏衰，故左右互相赤红也。宜服蚕蛾丸、
芍药汤。
三十六问曰∶目赤而涩痛者，何也？
答曰∶此风热冲攻也。肝者，厥阴风木之经。风邪所凑，与热相搏，气血痞塞，时发涩痒也。宜服芍药汤、二霜膏。
三十七问曰∶白上微红丝，四眩睑红赤烂者，何也？
答曰∶此乃风热干脾胃也。风邪客于腠理，湿气相争于两睑之间，因而淫湿侵烂也。宜服省风汤。
三十八问曰∶眼睛通黄者，何也？
答曰∶此因酒毒也。盛渴大乐，饮酒如浆，贪嗜过度，随经络注流，上下往来，至夜血朝于肝，晨血朝于目，引酒
之毒灌注瞳人，使目通黄也。宜服雄黄丸、贯众散。
三十九问曰∶眼不能远视而能近视者，何也？
答曰∶此因劳伤脏腑，风邪客之，使精华之气衰弱，肝经不足，盖有水而无火也，故不能远视而能近视也。宜服补
肝散、蝉花散，补心定志丸加茯苓主之。
四十问曰∶日不能近视而能远视者，何也？
答曰∶盖有火而无水也。故不能近视而能远视，当补肾。宜服地黄丸。地黄丸服不效，可服定志丸。
四十一问曰∶眼疾治已愈，至期而复发者，何也？
答曰∶乃是随天地之气令人疾也。假如冬至，一得甲子太阳膀胱经旺；二得甲
子阳明胃经旺；三得甲子少阳胆经旺，此三阳经络脏也。夏至，一得甲子太阴脾经
旺；二得甲子少阴肾经旺；三得甲子厥阴肝经旺，此三阴经络脏也。各旺六十日，
其气一周复。假如太阳经受病，交冬至节气六十日内而复发。太阴受病，交夏至节气
六十日内而后发，当随其时令而治之，随其经而疗之，用药各有所宜，治则无不愈
矣。宜服消风胜血散、连翘丸。
四十二问曰∶眼睛细小者，何也？
答曰∶此乃脾损也。盖脾主肌肉，肌肉清瘦，饮食不为肌肤，外感风邪，克于腠理，使肌肉紧急，积毒于目也。宜
服人参和脾汤、四物猪肝丸、省风汤、补肺散。
四十三问曰∶ 肉侵睛者，何也？
答曰∶乃脾经积毒也。脾者，仓禀之官，肌肉之府，毒瓦斯攻冲，肌肉壅塞，邪气传于肝，肝受脾邪传于双目，故
肉侵睛也。宜服青盐丸、防风丸、三黄丸、蕤仁膏。
四十四问曰∶眼积年赤而不愈者，何也？
答曰∶此风热伤于肝也。肝应于目，风热伤之则目赤，肌体虚弱则相火煽动，热邪不退，故积年赤而不愈宜服省风
汤、牡丹丸、当归活血丸。
四十五问曰∶两眼肿者，何也？
答曰∶此风毒也。肝主目，肝虚不足，风冷相击，风邪相攻，上干于目，致令胞睑结核，数日不散，或时自散，或
感风毒而复肿也。宜服洗肝散、瞿麦汤、消风饮子、消毒丸。
四十六问曰∶眼珠突出者，何也？
答曰∶此脏腑阴阳不和也。目者，乃阴阳之精，魂魄之主。因风热痰气蕴积于脏腑之中，以致阴阳不和，郁结风热，
攻冲于目，致令眼睛疼痛之甚而珠突出也。宜服救睛散、阴阳五和汤。
四十七问曰∶眼前常有黑花者，何也？
答曰∶乃肝之虚也。目者，肝之外象。血气不足则肝虚不荣于目，神彩昏暗，故黑花常见也。宜服补肝散、夜光椒
红丸、芎 散、夜光散。
四十八问曰∶目中飞红血者，何也？
答曰∶此厥阴经血旺也。厥阴脉起于足大KT 趾之端，肝经血气太旺，风热相乘
入连于目，故眼睛大赤，或来或往，故云飞血也。宜服芍药汤、退赤散、夜光椒红丸。
四十九问曰∶目涩者，何也？
答曰∶此内动脏腑也。或当时悲泣泪出不止，使液道开而不闭，液道干枯，脏
腑劳动，邪气触于肝，冲于目，传于血气，睛源不固，故发流涩也。宜服三黄丸、益盐丸、二霜膏、补真丸。
五十问曰∶大病后眼昏者，何也？
答曰∶此阴阳痞塞，血气大虚，神光不完，故茫茫昏 也。宜服人参芍药汤、橘皮煎丸、黄 丸、石燕丸。
五十一问曰∶阳毒病后昏者，何也？
答曰∶此因下之太过，五脏无阴，六腑无阳，久经宣利，脏腑虚弱，脾胃未和，
肌肉未实，劳动气血，故目昏也。宜服苍术汤、黄 丸、鳖甲柴胡汤、半夏丸。
五十二问曰∶阴毒病后昏者，何也？
答曰∶此因受热太过也。因服热药，或多炙灼，大病稍退，复出冒风，肝气不胜，风火相乘，即目昏也。宜服三黄
丸、瞿麦散、菊花散，三黄泻心汤加芒硝，五更服。
五十三问曰∶过水昏者，何也？
答曰∶此冷气攻冲于肝也。两足胫下，太溪穴下名复溜，复溜之下名涌泉，涌泉穴即足少阴经也，络于膀胱，水气
冷侵两足，直从肾上攻于肝而传于目，以致昏也。宜服苍术汤、术苓汤。
(This prescription can achieve rapid effects.)
Chuanxiong Rhizoma (soaked in wine) Tribulus Fructus (stir-fried, thorns removed) Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma Equiseti Herba (nodes removed) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (roasted with honey) Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix Semen Celosiae Semen Cassiae (processed as previously described) Primulae Flos Saposhnikoviae Radix Chrysanthemi Indici Flos Cortex Eucommiae Semen Cnidii Rhizoma (wine-washed) Angelicae Sinensis Radix
The above thirteen herbs are each taken in two liang, ground into powder, and made into pills the size of paulownia seeds using refined honey. Take thirty pills per dose, washed down with warm water, or light salt water is also acceptable.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (five qian, tip removed) Crotonis Fructus (five qian) Sulfur Ephedrae Herba (each three qian five fen) Momordicae Cochinchinensis Semen (five pieces) Mume Fructus (five pieces)
Place the above medicines together with the needle into a jar and boil in water for one day. Remove, wash clean to remove rust, then boil again with pain-relieving medicine.
Boswelliae Resina Myrrhae Resina Angelicae Sinensis Radix Flower Medicine Powder (each two fen half)
Boil for another day, then remove the needle. Wash with soap pod water, then boil in dog meat blood for one day. Still polish clean with tile fragments until straight, then coat with radish seed oil. Keep it close to human warmth frequently; then acupuncture will not cause pain.
Question 1: Why do people suffer from eye diseases?
Answer: It may be due to excessive alcohol and sexual indulgence, worry, anxiety, or grief. Or it may be due to consuming salty and sour foods, leading to uneven Qi and Blood, damage and disturbance of the Liver Meridian. Over time, this results in eye disease.
Question 2: What causes redness and pain in the eyes?
Answer: This is caused by accumulated heat in the Five Zang Organs, where toxic heat transmits to the Wood element of the Liver. The eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver. When the Liver is invaded by pathogenic factors, it causes Blood to scatter and flow into the eyes, resulting in redness and pain. Suitable formulas include Jiu Diao San (Wine-Adjusted Powder), Si Shun San (Four Smooths Powder), and Ba Jie San (Eight Releases Powder).
Question 3: What causes redness without pain in the eyes?
Answer: This is Liver Excess. The Liver is the source of Blood. In Liver Excess, Blood becomes abundant and flows to the four limbs. Qi and Blood rush upward, invading the pupil. The eyes receive this excess Blood, causing redness without pain. Suitable formulas include Si Shun San, Bo Yun San (Cloud-Pulling Powder), Ba Jie San, Xi Xin San (Heart-Washing Powder), and Xie Gan San (Liver-Draining Powder).
Question 4: What causes redness and blurred vision in the eyes?
Answer: This is Liver Deficiency. The Liver belongs to Wood, and Wood generates Fire. When Fire flares, Wood weakens. Fire corresponds to the Heart, which governs Blood. Blood follows the rising Fire and floods the eyes, invading the pupil, causing redness and blurriness. Suitable formulas include Xi Gan Bu Dan San (Liver-Washing Gallbladder-Nourishing Powder), Huo Xue San (Blood-Invigorating Powder), Shun Gan San (Liver-Soothing Powder), Huan Guang Wan (Light-Returning Pill), and Huang Bai Wan (Phellodendron Pill).
Question 5: What causes blackening and redness of the cornea/pupil area?
Answer: This is Heart Excess. The distribution of the Five Zang Organs all relates to the Heart. The Heart holds the position of the Emperor and the Li Fire. Heat accumulates internally, and Fire flares upward. Thus, redness of the cornea indicates Heart Excess. Suitable formulas include San Huang Wan (Three Yellows Pill), Xi Xin San, and Ju Hua San (Chrysanthemum Powder). For morning blurriness, use Xi Gan San.
Question 6: What causes yellowing of the sclera?
Answer: This is Heart Deficiency. The Heart governs Fire. Fire is the mother of Earth. The child (Fire) can weaken the mother (Earth); when Earth is solid, Fire becomes deficient. Therefore, the color of Spleen Earth appears externally, indicating Heart Deficiency and yellow sclera. Suitable formulas include Ren Shen Fu Ling Jian (Ginseng and Poria Decoction), Zhu Sha Gao (Cinnabar Paste), and Ding Zhi Wan (Mind-Calming Pill).
Question 7: What causes white membranes on the sclera and excessive discharge?
Answer: This is Lung Excess. The Lung belongs to Metal, Metal generates Water, and its color is white. Heat injures the Lung, causing white membranes to form. Overflowing Water forms discharge and tears. Although tears are the essence of the Lung, excessive tearing leads to sticky, hard discharge. Suitable formulas include Xie Fei San (Lung-Draining Powder), Sang Bai Pi Tang (Mulberry Root Bark Decoction), and Xi Xin San.
Question 8: What causes excessive, thin, non-coagulating discharge and tears?
Answer: This is Lung Deficiency. Lung Metal is overcome by Heart Fire pathogenic factors. Metal meets Fire and transforms into Water. Thus, water overflows from the lacrimal area, causing abundant, thin, non-coagulating discharge. Suitable formulas include E Jiao San (Donkey-Hide Gelatin Powder), Ai Jian Wan (Mugwort Decoction Pill), Xi Fei San (Lung-Washing Powder), and Sang Bai Pi Tang.
Question 9: What causes photophobia (aversion to light)?
Answer: This is Spleen Excess. The Spleen belongs to Earth, and Earth transforms Dampness. Dampness transmits to the Liver. The Liver receives Spleen pathogenic factors, which rise to the eyes. Damp-Heat attacks, causing fluids and essences to become astringent and fail to nourish the eyes, resulting in photophobia. Suitable formulas include Mi Meng Hua San (Primula Powder) and Qian Li Guang San (Thousand-Mile Light Powder).
Question 10: What causes unclear vision?
Answer: This is Spleen Deficiency. The Qi and Blood of the human body are derived from Spleen Earth and ascend to the eyes to provide clarity. In Spleen Deficiency, the essential Qi of the Five Zang Organs loses its control and cannot brighten the eyes, leading to unclear vision. Suitable formulas include Cang Zhu Tang (Atractylodes Decoction) and Qian Li Guang San.
Question 11: What causes floating black spots like fly wings?
Answer: This is Kidney Excess. The Kidney is the Mother of the Liver. When the Mother is Excess, it over-nourishes the Child. Liver receives Kidney pathogenic factors, transmitting to the Gallbladder Meridian. The Gallbladder is the source of Divine Fluids. Due to interference by Heat pathogens, black spots appear floating like fly wings. Suitable formulas include Ku Shen San (Sophora Powder), Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction), Ai Jian Wan, and Wan Can Sha Tang (Silkworm Sand Decoction).
Question 12: What causes tearing in the wind?
Answer: This is Kidney Deficiency. Kidney Deficiency fails to nourish the Liver. The Liver is the Child of the Kidney. Thus, Wood is weak and fears wind drifting. Tearing in the wind indicates Kidney Deficiency. Suitable formulas include Di Huang Wan (Rehmannia Pill), Huan Jing Wan (Eye-Clarifying Pill), and Shi Yan Zi Wan (Stone Swallow Egg Pill).
Question 13: What causes red veins invading the cornea?
Answer: This is Heart overcoming Liver (Heart Fire suppressing Liver Wood). The Heart governs Blood; the Liver stores Blood and governs tendons. Blood invades the tendons and spreads to the eyes. Red veins invading the cornea indicate Heart overcoming Liver. Suitable formulas include Da Dang Gui San (Large Angelica Powder), San Huang Wan, and Da Huang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction), representing the transformation of mutual punishment between Mother and Child.
Question 14: What causes white membranes covering the cornea?
Answer: This is Lung overcoming Liver. Lung Metal is white. Wind pathogen in the Lung makes Metal strong enough to overcome Wood. Thus, white membranes cover the cornea. Suitable formulas include Lian Qiao San (Forsythia Powder) and Mi Meng Hua San.
Question 15: What causes dryness and itching in the wind?
Answer: This is Liver invasion by pathogens. Wind-Heat pathogens invade the Liver. Liver Wood attracts wind, causing dryness and itching in the wind. Suitable formulas include Jing Jie San (Schizonepeta Powder), Qing Yan San (Green Salt Powder), and Ku Jie Zi San (Bitter Mustard Seed Powder).
Question 16: What causes midday blurriness?
Answer: This is caused by Phlegm-Fire. True Yang Qi peaks during the Si and Wu hours. If True Yang Qi is too vigorous, Heart Fire flares to the Liver, and Phlegm becomes more obstructed, causing midday blurriness. Suitable formulas include Ban Xia Wan (Pinellia Pill), Chen Sha Wan (Cinnabar Pill), and Sang Piao Xiao Wan (Mantis Egg Case Pill).
Question 17: What causes morning blurriness?
Answer: This is Head Wind attacking. The head is the meeting point of the Six Yang meridians. In the early morning, Yang Qi first gathers at the head. During Yin and Mao hours, Liver Wood is very vigorous. Since the Liver governs Wind-Wood, this is called Head Wind attack. Suitable formulas include Xiong Qian San (Chuanxiong Powder), Shi Gao San (Gypsum Powder), and Ji Li San (Tribulus Powder).
Question 18: What causes night-time blurriness?
Answer: This is Brain injury. The brain is a substance of Heavenly Essence, following Yin paths but not Yang paths. During Shen, You, Xu, and Hai hours, Cold Qi is vigorous. Brain injury combined with Wind-Cold invasion causes blurriness. Suitable acupoints for moxibustion are Feng Chi (GB20) and Feng Fu (GV16).
Question 19: What causes night-time eye pain?
Answer: This is盛 Yin Toxin. Yin prefers stillness, Yang prefers movement. When Qi and Blood scatter and follow Yin paths, Cold pathogens overcome them, causing Cold Qi to become vigorous and move recklessly. Pain from Shen hour to Yin hour is driven by Yin. Suitable formulas include Hui Yang Tang (Return Yang Decoction), Bu Shen Wan (Kidney-Nourishing Pill), and Ru Xiang Wan (Frankincense Pill).
Question 20: What causes daytime eye pain?
Answer: This is盛 Yang Toxin. The Classics state: Yang generates during the day, Yin at night. Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian is vigorous at Yin and declines at Shen. Thus, Yang Toxin is vigorous during the day, attacking upward to the eyes, causing daytime pain. Suitable formulas include Ru Xiang San, Xie Xin Tang (Drain Heart Decoction), and Xi Gan San.
Question 21: What causes floating nebula covering the cornea?
Answer: This is Lung Meridian Heat. The Lung is the source of Qi. Erratic Qi movement is Fire Qi. When vigorous, Fire flares upward, Heat attacks the eyes, causing white nebula. Suitable formulas include Xie Fei Tang (Lung-Draining Decoction), San Huang Wan, and Si Shun San.
Question 22: What causes protrusion or swelling (Baoluo)?
Answer: This is eye damage. The eyes are the essence of the Zang Organs. Keeping them pure and clear ensures health. If Heat attacks internally and Toxicity externally, pus and blood form, causing protrusion. Suitable formulas include Jiu Jing Wan (Save Eye Pill), Chan Tui Wu Bi San (Cicada Slough Unmatched Powder), Zhen Zhu San (Pearl Powder), and Shan Hu Hu Po Gao (Coral Amber Paste).
Question 23: What causes inverted eyelashes?
Answer: This is Lung injury. The Lung is the canopy of the Five Zang Organs, governing skin and hair. The Classics say: First loss injures the Lung, skin gathers and hair falls. Thus, inverted lashes indicate Lung injury. Suitable formulas include Jiu Jing Wan, Ju Hua Wan (Chrysanthemum Pill), and E Jiao Jian (Gelatin Decoction).
Question 24: What causes green membrane covering the cornea?
Answer: This is an External Obstruction. Toxic heat from the Five Zang Organs attacks upward to the eyes. Eyes belong to the Liver, whose color is green. Thus, a green membrane covers the cornea. Suitable formulas include Shan Hu Hu Po Gao, Jiu Jing Wan, Jue Ming Wan (Cassia Pill), and Xi Gan San.
Question 25: What causes deviated pupils?
Answer: This is an Internal Obstruction. Five Elements respond to changes, with ascending and descending as primary. When Qi is vigorous and Blood is deficient, stagnation prevents nourishment of the eyes. Thus, the pupil cannot rotate and deviates. Suitable formulas include Ye Guang Jiao Hong Wan (Night-Light Pepper Red Pill), Di Huang Huo Xue Jian (Rehmannia Blood-Invigorating Decoction), and Dang Gui Lu Rong Wan (Angelica Deer Antler Pill).
Question 26: What causes dizziness, blurriness, and chaotic white stars?
Answer: This is Blood deficiency. Blood nourishes the body and flows through all vessels. Blood deficiency means vessels are not vigorous, Six Yang Qi does not rise, causing dizziness, blurriness, and chaotic white stars. Suitable formulas include Chuan Xiong San and Dang Gui Huo Xue San (Angelica Blood-Invigorating Powder).
Question 27: What causes redness and blurriness without pain or itch?
Answer: This is Qi deficiency. Blood circulation follows Qi ascent and descent. When they harmonize, the body is healthy. Blood stasis causes abscesses; Qi stagnation causes flaccidity. When Righteous Qi is weak, eyes become red and blurry without pain or itch. Suitable formulas include Shun Gan Wan, Tou Jing Yun Qi Wan (Penetrate Channels Balance Qi Pill), Chan Hua San (Cicada Flower Powder), Ming Mu Yi Shen Wan (Brighten Eyes Benefit Kidney Pill), and Ming Mu Di Huang Wan.
Question 28: What causes blood invasion of the cornea?
Answer: This is Liver Meridian Deficiency. The eyes are the sign of the Liver, the pathway of fluids, and the gathering of pulses. Evil Heat lodges in the Liver. Liver Deficiency causes Blood to scatter and flow to both eyes, causing redness and invasion. Suitable formulas include Wu Ling San (Five Ingredient Powder with Poria), Bu Gan Wan (Liver-Nourishing Pill), Lian Qiao San, and Di Huang Wan.
Question 29: What causes long-term blurriness as if obscured?
Answer: This is Wei (Defensive) Excess. Wei Qi moves outside the vessels and governs Qi. Qi Excess carries Heat upward to invade the eyes, causing long-term blurriness. Suitable formulas include Mu Zei San (Equisetum Powder) and Lian Qiao San.
Question 30: What causes blurriness, pain, and aversion to cold?
Answer: This is Wei (Defensive) Deficiency. Wei Qi governs the interstices. Wei Deficiency means interstices are not tight, allowing Cold pathogens to enter vacuity. Thus, pain and aversion to cold occur. Suitable formulas include Xiang Fu Zhu Ling San (Cyperus and Polyporus Powder), Bai Zhu Tang (Atractylodes Decoction), and Yi Huang Tang (Benefit Yellow Decoction).
Question 31: What causes eye pain and body heat?
Answer: This is Ying (Nutritive) Excess. Ying and Wei are pathways of Yin and Yang. Upper body relates to Heart and Lung; lower body to Kidney and Liver. Pain with body heat indicates Evil in the Heart. The Heart is governed by Shaoyin Ministerial Fire. Suitable formulas include Xi Xin San, Jie Ji Tang (Release Muscle Decoction), and Ju Hua Bing Zi (Chrysanthemum Cake).
Question 32: What causes intermittent clarity and darkness?
Answer: This is Ying (Nutritive) Deficiency. The eyes see only when nourished by Blood. Ying Blood Deficiency causes stagnation in meridian circulation, failing to constantly nourish the eyes, leading to intermittent clarity and darkness. Suitable formulas include Tiao Qi Wan (Regulate Qi Pill), Dang Gui Ai Jian Wan, and Ye Guang Jiao Hong Wan.
Question 33: What causes left eye redness spreading to the right?
Answer: This is Yang Meridians being too vigorous. There is Yin within Yang and Yang within Yin. Yin within Yang is the Heart; Yang within Yin is the Liver. Heart Meridian harbors Heat, Evil transmits to Liver, Liver transmits to eyes. Left eye belongs to Taiyang, right eye to Taiyin. Transmission from left to right indicates Yang Meridians are too vigorous. Suitable formulas include Mu Tong San (Akebia Powder), San Huang Wan, Xi Xin San, and Wu Ling San.
Question 34: What causes right eye redness spreading to the left?
Answer: This is Yin Collaterals being too vigorous. Humans have 365 collaterals, Yang and Yin. Yin collateral pulses connect to the right eye. Transmission from right to left indicates Yin Collaterals are vigorous. Suitable formulas include Xie Fei Tang, Ju Pi Tang (Tangerine Peel Decoction), Dao Chi Tang (Guide Out Redness Decoction), and Ku Shen San.
Question 35: What causes mutual redness in both eyes?
Answer: This is Blood Evil attacking. Liver insufficiency allows Wind Evil to interfere. Wind and Heat contend, moving back and forth, with excess and deficiency alternating, causing mutual redness. Suitable formulas include Can E Wan (Silkworm Pill) and Shao Yao Tang (Peony Decoction).
Question 36: What causes redness, astringency, and pain?
Answer: This is Wind-Heat attacking. The Liver is the Jueyin Wind-Wood meridian. Wind Evil gathers and combats Heat. Qi and Blood become obstructed, causing intermittent astringency and itching. Suitable formulas include Shao Yao San (Peony Powder) and Er Shuang Gao (Two Frost Pastes).
Question 37: What causes fine red threads on the sclera and red, rotting eyelids?
Answer: This is Wind-Heat affecting Spleen and Stomach. Wind Evil lodges in interstices, Dampness contends between eyelids, leading to damp erosion. Suitable formula is Sheng Feng Tang (Wind-Prohibiting Decoction).
Question 38: What causes general yellowing of the eyes?
Answer: This is due to Alcohol Toxicity. Excessive drinking leads to toxins flowing through meridians. At night, Blood returns to the Liver; in the morning, Blood returns to the eyes. Alcohol toxin pours into the pupil, causing general yellowing. Suitable formulas include Xiong Huang Wan (Realgar Pill) and Guan Zhong San (Cyathea Powder).
Question 39: What causes inability to see far but ability to see near?
Answer: This is due to labor injuring Zang Organs, Wind Evil lodging, weakening essential Qi. Liver Meridian is insufficient, having Water but lacking Fire. Thus, distant vision is impaired while near vision remains. Suitable formulas include Bu Gan San (Liver-Nourishing Powder), Chan Hua San, and Bu Xin Ding Zhi Wan (Nourish Heart Calm Mind Pill) plus Fu Ling.
Question 40: What causes inability to see near but ability to see far?
Answer: This is having Fire but lacking Water. Thus, near vision is impaired while far vision remains. Treatment should tonify the Kidney. Suitable formula is Di Huang Wan. If Di Huang Wan is ineffective, use Ding Zhi Wan.
Question 41: What causes recurrence of eye disease after cure at specific times?
Answer: This is due to Heaven and Earth Qi influencing disease. At Winter Solstice, after one Jiazi cycle, Taiyang Bladder Meridian is vigorous; after two, Yangming Stomach Meridian; after three, Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. These are Three Yang meridians. At Summer Solstice, after one Jiazi, Taiyin Spleen Meridian is vigorous; after two, Shaoyin Kidney Meridian; after three, Jueyin Liver Meridian. These are Three Yin meridians. Each is vigorous for sixty days, completing a cycle. If Taiyang Meridian was diseased, it recurs within sixty days of Winter Solstice. If Taiyin was diseased, it recurs within sixty days of Summer Solstice. Treat according to season and meridian. Suitable formulas include Xiao Feng Sheng Xue San (Eliminate Wind Generate Blood Powder) and Lian Qiao Wan.
Question 42: What causes small eyes?
Answer: This is Spleen injury. Spleen governs muscles. Emaciated muscles mean food essence does not nourish flesh. External Wind Evil attacks interstices, tightening muscles and accumulating toxicity in the eyes. Suitable formulas include Ren Shen He Pi Tang (Gins Harmonize Spleen Decoction), Si Wu Zhu Gan Wan (Four Substances Pig Liver Pill), Sheng Feng Tang, and Bu Fei San (Lung-Tonifying Powder).
Question 43: What causes pterygium invading the cornea?
Answer: This is Spleen Meridian accumulated toxicity. Spleen is the granary official and house of muscles. Toxic vapors attack, muscles become congested. Evil transmits to Liver, Liver receives Spleen evil and transmits to both eyes, causing pterygium. Suitable formulas include Qing Yan Wan (Green Salt Pill), Fang Feng Wan (Saposhnikovia Pill), San Huang Wan, and Rui Ren Gao (Buckthorn Fruit Paste).
Question 44: What causes chronic redness that does not heal?
Answer: This is Wind-Heat injuring the Liver. Liver corresponds to eyes. Wind-Heat injury causes redness. Weak body allows Ministerial Fire to flare, Heat does not retreat, causing chronic redness. Suitable formulas include Sheng Feng Tang, Mu Dan Wan (Moutan Pill), and Dang Gui Huo Xue Wan.
Question 45: What causes swollen eyes?
Answer: This is Wind-Toxicity. Liver governs eyes. Liver Deficiency allows Wind-Cold to strike. Wind Evil attacks upward to eyes, causing eyelid nodules that persist or recur upon Wind-Toxicity exposure. Suitable formulas include Xi Gan San, Qu Mai Tang (Knotweed Decoction), Xiao Feng Yin (Wind-Eliminating Drink), and Xiao Du Wan (Detoxification Pill).
Question 46: What causes protruding eyeballs?
Answer: This is disharmony of Zang Organ Yin and Yang. Eyes are essence of Yin-Yang and master of Hun and Po. Wind-Heat and Phlegm-Qi accumulate in Zang Organs, causing disharmony. Depressed Wind-Heat attacks eyes, causing severe pain and protrusion. Suitable formulas include Jiu Jing San (Save Eye Powder) and Yin Yang Wu He Tang (Yin-Yang Five Harmony Decoction).
Question 47: What causes constant black spots?
Answer: This is Liver Deficiency. Eyes are external manifestation of Liver. Insufficient Qi and Blood mean Liver fails to nourish eyes. Spirit is dim, so black spots are common. Suitable formulas include Bu Gan San, Ye Guang Jiao Hong Wan, Xiong Qian San, and Ye Guang San.
Question 48: What causes flying red blood in the eyes?
Answer: This is Jueyin Meridian Blood vigor. Jueyin pulse starts at the big toe. Liver Meridian Blood-Qi is too vigorous. Wind-Heat enters and connects to eyes, causing severe redness, appearing and disappearing like flying blood. Suitable formulas include Shao Yao San, Tui Chi San (Remove Redness Powder), and Ye Guang Jiao Hong Wan.
Question 49: What causes dry eyes?
Answer: This is internal disturbance of Zang Organs. Crying excessively opens fluid channels without closing them. Fluid channels dry up, Zang Organs labor. Evil touches Liver, rushes to eyes, transmits to Qi-Blood. Eye source is unstable, causing dryness. Suitable formulas include San Huang Wan, Yi Yan Wan (Benefit Salt Pill), Er Shuang Gao, and Bu Zhen Wan (Tonify Truth Pill).
Question 50: What causes blurriness after major illness?
Answer: This is Yin-Yang obstruction, severe Qi-Blood deficiency, incomplete Shen Light, causing vague blurriness. Suitable formulas include Ren Shen Shao Yao Tang (Ginseng Peony Decoction), Ju Pi Jian Wan (Tangerine Peel Decoction Pill), Huang Bai Wan, and Shi Yan Wan.
Question 51: What causes blurriness after Yang-Toxin illness?
Answer: This is due to excessive purging. Five Zang lack Yin, Six Fu lack Yang. Long-term purging weakens Zang-Fu. Spleen-Stomach is unharmonized, muscles not solid. Laboring Qi-Blood causes blurriness. Suitable formulas include Cang Zhu Tang, Huang Bai Wan, Bie Jia Chai Hu Tang (Turtle Shell Bupleurum Decoction), and Ban Xia Wan.
Question 52: What causes blurriness after Yin-Toxin illness?
Answer: This is due to excessive heat. Taking hot medicines or excessive moxibustion. After major illness subsides, exposure to wind occurs. Liver Qi cannot withstand it. Wind-Fire combine, causing blurriness. Suitable formulas include San Huang Wan, Qu Mai San, Ju Hua San. Use San Huang Xie Xin Tang plus Mang Xiao, taken at dawn.
Question 53: What causes blurriness after wading through water?
Answer: This is Cold Qi attacking the Liver. Below the calves, below Taixi (KI3) is Fuliu (KI7). Below Fuliu is Yongquan (KI1), which belongs to Foot-Shaoyin Meridian, connecting to Bladder. Cold Water Qi invades feet, attacks Liver from Kidney, transmits to eyes, causing blurriness. Suitable formulas include Cang Zhu Tang and Shu Ling Tang (Atractylodes and Polyporus Decoction).