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Light and clear qi ascends, heavy and turbid qi condenses downward. The Way of Heaven possesses condensed and bright qi, scattering to form stars; the Spirit of Earth conceals the essence of transformation, flowing into metals and stones.

The *Gushen Lun* (Treatise on Grain Avoidance) states: Swallowing saliva and refining breath, expelling the old and inhaling the new, entering the upper Niwang Palace and descending to the lower Dantian is called Internal Alchemy. Yang Dragon and Yin Tiger, fluid water and metallic essence can lead to [immortality].

Shenxian Zhongpin Huanglong Dan (Immortal Medium-Rank Yellow Dragon Pill) (from *Shengji Zonglu*)
Hematite (Chishizhi) (10 liang), Cow's milk (3 sheng), White sand honey (1 jin), Frankincense (Ruxiang) (transparent quality, 1 jin), Licorice root (Gancao) (3 liang, powdered).

First operation: For seven days prior, wash seven sheng of rice, similar to cooking a meal. Place the medicine box inside and steam it until the rice is cooked. At night, remove the box lid and expose it under the stars for one night. Second operation: On the day of the full moon (Wang), steam according to the previous method. Again, remove the box lid and expose it in the moonlight for one night. Third operation: On the morning of the twenty-fourth day, steam according to the previous method. Remove the box lid and dry it in the sun. It is essential to absorb sufficient qi from the sun, moon, and stars. Fourth operation: First, place three sheng of cow's milk into a large box, heat it over slow charcoal fire until boiling like fish eyes, add frankincense and wait for it to melt. Then add the powdered hematite from the previous three steamings, stir evenly with a willow wood spatula. Pour into a mortar and grind finely, then return to the box. Follow the previous method using seven sheng of rice, placing the medicine box inside and steaming until the rice is cooked. Fifth operation: Add two jin of honey to the box, heat slowly as before until boiling like fish eyes, then add the previous medicines. Stir continuously with a willow wood spatula until uniform. Add three liang of licorice powder and continue simmering until slightly moist, then stop. Use another seven sheng of rice, place the medicine box inside, and steam until the rice is cooked. Take the box out and soak it in fresh water for half a day. Remove and place in a clean area. For the first dose, select a Tian De day at dawn, take on an empty stomach, burn incense facing east, bow seven times, and swallow one spoonful mixed with good wine. This is an immortal pill for leaving the world and extending life, free from the toxicity of minerals and metals, and not harming physiological functions. After taking it, the Four Qi will harmonize, and meridians will flow without obstruction. It should only be transmitted to save people, not for profit, so that its efficacy will be swift. In the Jin Dynasty, Zhu Shanshan from Huashan in Guangping admired the Dao since childhood. At over sixty years old, he traveled to Zhongshan Mountain and met an extraordinary person who taught him this pill. He believed in and took it. By the time of the Longji era change in the Tang Dynasty, while residing at Kaiyuan Temple in Yangzhou, he was already over hundreds of years old. He then taught it to Daoist priest Zhou Chongxing, saying, "After taking this pill for more than ten days, one will feel internal organs畅通 (unobstructed) and spirit refreshed. All major diseases such as wind disorders, consumption, and cold qi will be eliminated. If two doses are taken, the intestines will transform into sinews, allowing one to live as long as heaven and earth." Ordinary people must first nourish the spleen; when the spleen is prosperous, the liver flourishes; when the liver flourishes, the heart strengthens; when the heart strengthens, the lungs prosper; when the lungs prosper, the Yuan Zang (Primary Viscera) becomes solid; when the Yuan Zang is solid, the root is firm. This is called deep roots and firm stalks, the way of long life and vision.

Preparation requires new and clean utensils: One silver box capable of holding one liang of medicine, one silver box capable of holding five dou of material, three new clay basins, one wooden steamer capable of holding one dou, one cover basket, one willow wood spatula, and one hundred jin of clean firewood.

Shenxian Fanhun Dan (Immortal Soul-Returning Pill) (from *Shengji Zonglu*) Revives the dead and supports the declining, extends lifespan, and resists aging.
Cinnabar (Dansha), Realgar (Xionghuang), Orpiment (Ci Huang) (each 3 liang). First, finely grind realgar and orpiment, store in a bamboo tube, bury in the north direction underground for three days, then retrieve.

Changshou Zhenren Sudan Dan Formula (Longevity True Person Plain Cinnabar Formula) (from *Shengji Zonglu*) Lightens the body, resists aging, strengthens power, and enhances complexion.
Cinnabar (Dansha) (chunky, 4 liang), Green salt (Qingyan) (half jin), Borax (Pengsha) (1 liang, separately ground, divided into three parts), Magnetite (Cishi) (1 jin, calcined in strong fire forty-nine times, quenched successively... arranged like lotus seeds covering one part of medicinal powder... on ash, covered with round box... sitting on bricks in the furnace... lightly chiseled open, taken... two flavors熟 ground... only fixed in... purple is good. Size of a bullet. Covered evenly with ash. Finished. Taken... dropped into a well... add one pill. Horse, strength surpasses... meat, fish, fresh things... Taiqing Sishan Dan (Supreme Clarity Four-Sector Pill) (from *Shengji Zonglu*) Calms the mind and wards off evil, treats all malignant qi.
Cinnabar (Dansha) (4 liang, ground like hemp beans), Peach blossoms collected on Shangsi Festival (20 liang), True honey (1 jin), placed together in a silver vessel, boiled on Double Ninth Festival until the first day of the fifth month, washed clean with new water, dregs removed. Add barley flour to make paste, mix into a slightly hard dough, shape into pills the size of chinaberry fruits. Each dose: chew one pill with two he of warm water infused with Agarwood (Chenxiang). Guides blood, preserves youth, benefits qi, harmonizes hundred vessels, removes evil qi, especially wards off seasonal epidemics. In epidemic years, the whole family fasts and keeps pure. Rising early, each person chews one pill to ensure non-infection. Long-term use brings peaceful sleep without dreams, no evil invasion, and ruddy complexion. During preparation, avoid... Store always in a clean place. Also known as Tongshen Baoming Dan, additionally treats women's blood qi rushing to the heart causing pain, and men's insufficient primal qi syndrome. Take with ginger wine; women take with fried ginger vinegar soup. For malaria, take one pill or half a pill with aged tea, depending on illness severity.

Shenxian Taiyi Dan (Immortal Supreme Unity Pill) (from *Shengji Zonglu*) Lightens the body and extends life.
Sheng Wuzhi (boiled, white flowers skimmed off, dried, ground 2 jin), Saltpeter (Xiaoshi) (5 liang, finely ground, divided into ten parts, add one part per stage)... Jiangfan (Vitriol) (finely ground 5... oil... 10 liang... one part... fine... beard... Shenxian Lingsha Dan (Immortal Mercury Sand Pill) (from *Shengji Zonglu*) Extends life and health, beautifies complexion, strengthens viscera, boosts waist and legs, benefits blood and secures essence.
Mercury (Shuiyin) (4 liang), Sulfur (Liu Huang) (1.5 liang). First melt sulfur, immediately投 mercury, stir-fry with iron spoon into green sand particles, weigh exactly four liang. Like... difference... on box, seal outer seams thickly with mud made of finely sieved hematite powder and water, sit box over ripe fire with strong flame, gently fan. Cup... not yet... boil... sheep... Shenxian Fuhuo Neigu Dan (Immortal Fire-Controlled Inner-Securing Pill) (from *Shengji Zonglu*) Nourishes meridians and nurtures spirit, extends life and beautifies complexion.
Cinnabar (Dansha) (1 liang), Tin naphthenate (Xilin Zhi) (1 liang). Boil together with two bowls of grain water until water is exhausted. Use one sand box, put the boiled cinnabar... use honey... seed. Use paper... down. Shenxian Yishou Erqi Dan (Immortal Longevity Two-Qi Pill) (from *Shengji Zonglu*)
Cinnabar (Dansha) (2 liang), Mercury (Shuiyin) (1 liang, ground together), Lily flower (Baihe Hua), Night-closing flower (Yehé Hua), Dried chrysanthemum (Ganjuhua), Locust flower (Huaihua) (any amount, ground together). Upper... use small... seam. Grind. One pill. Two Divine Pill Methods: One Silver Mao, Two Gold Mao, not comparable to ordinary fire-controlled cinnabar. Zhao Yanzheng has a preface, not recorded here.
White Aconite Root (Baifuzi) (6 liang), Groundcherry Root Bark (Digupi), Sichuan Pepper (Chuanjiao), Goji Berry (Gouqizi), Leafy Fern Herb (Shiwei), Asarum (Xixin) (each 3 liang), Heavenly Eggplant (Tian Qiezi) (3 liang). Upper... not... treat... can... place... one... earth... get... do not let charcoal fall. Use one jin of ripe charcoal above, let it gradually ignite, fully ignited after half a day, cool until next day. Open box, take out cinnabar. Its shape, size, weight remain unchanged, only turns purple. Mix with honey as before, three become pill. Total eighteen jin, ten jin charcoal. This method is miraculous; during refining, forbid women, chickens, dogs, and mourners. Using Kunlun paper with ink is particularly good.

Taisu Dan (also known as Bai Dan, from Yu Jushi Xuanqi Fang) Treats retained cold and lung deficiency, phlegm-fullness with panting, chronic cough with blood in sputum, and treats qi retreating yin, deficiency damage and stubborn cold.
Zhenyang Qishi (True Yang Rising Stone) (2 qian, calcined on new tile until red hot, cooled and ground extremely fine), Calcined Stalactite Powder (Liancheng Zhongru Fen) (1 liang). Upper... combine... grind to... nine parts... white pill... Flame Nitre (Yan Xiao) (3 liang, finely ground), Alum (Baifan) (3 liang, finely ground), Cold Water Stone (Han Shuishí) (4 liang, finely ground), Block Arsenic Trioxide (Kuaizi Pishuang) (1 liang, finely ground). Upper... use fired... medicine jar... under flame... upper. Grind especially... put inside... close mouth... take... use... great effect.

Fan Zhongxuan Gong Method for Refining Jin Ye Dan
Transparent Sulfur (Touming Liu Huang) (4 liang), Pig Lard (Zhufangzhi) (half jin). First crush sulfur into small pieces, refine pig lard into liquid using a stone pot, remove... tendons... cover it... rest spread... rice... tea... Taishang Zixia Dan (Supreme Purple Cloud Pill) The herb for ascending and descending yin and yang, becoming immortal. Fuzhou Shi Yi Formula.
Sulfur (Liu Huang) (finely ground), Needle Sand (Zhensha) (sifted to remove fine ones, each 4 liang), Chinese Gall (Wubeizi) (1 liang, broken). Upper together use clay pot, with water... boil one... hour. Lotus leaf one... Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit (Zaojiaozi)... Shui Jin Dan (Water Golden Pill)
Transparent Sulfur (Touming Liu Huang) (finely ground), Calomel (Qingfen) (1 liang). First grind sulfur extremely fine, within one jin, take one liang of finely ground sulfur. With light... make flat... solid. Powder two... sulfur light... slice. Cannot endure... yellow impotence... Xiong Zhu Dan (Male Red Cinnabar Pill) Treats lingering cold and stubborn cold, vomiting and regurgitation of food, after five or seven years becomes emaciated and deformed, transforming into consumption. Qian Guanwen Formula.
Cinnabar (Dansha), Realgar (Xionghuang) (each 2 liang). Use one sand box, first fumigate inside and outside with two liang of Moutan Bark (Mudanpi) until yellow, put previous medicines inside. Use strong... tendon again... take... Pepper (Hujiao), Cassia Bark (Guangui) (peeled), Hematite (Chishizhi), Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi) (processed, peeled, navel removed, separately ground fine), Costus Root (Muxiang), Agarwood (Chenxiang), Long Pepper (Bibo), Clove (Dingxiang)... White Atractylodes Rhizome (Baizhu)... Rise. Three parts... Shu Xian Dan (Shu Immortal Pill)
Cinnabar (Chensha) (4 liang, finely ground, water-washed), Apricot Kernel (Xingren) (2 liang, peeled, core removed, ground). Use two Quinces (Mu Gua) from Xuanzhou, cut off lid, use bamboo... knife twist... remove pulp... vessel... empty... Zishou Xiaojindan (Zishou Small Golden Pill) Tonifies true yuan, treats all deficiencies, upper excess and lower deficiency, panting and diarrhea, cold limbs, lower abdominal knot... pain, reverse stomach spleen... dysentery with red and white, intestinal wind hemorrhoids... does not overwhelm, long-term use calms and nourishes heart qi.
Hematite (Daizheshi) (1 jin), Yuliang Stone (Yuliangshi) (4 liang), Shizhonghuang (2 liang), Hematite (Chishizhi) (5.1 liang). Upper each grind to... fine powder, again... weigh number... again pill... charcoal every... burn down... send down... malaria especially... three jin... quench seven... dry three... sit silver... Xing Jin Dan (Apricot Golden Pill) (from *Bencao*) Originally from Hun Huangzi, also named Cao Jin Fang. Taking it grants life of 2200 years without death, simply by making pills from apricot kernels. Light... ancestor... is... willing... evil... Refining Method. From Yin month, cultivate apricot trees, those rarely visited by humans are good. Also in Yin month... between ground under tree, plan for yang qi to penetrate things, until second month grass... grows... block... fear... flow... platform... use... cauldron... dew... male... Dosage Method. If a person drinks one dou of wine and gets drunk, then drink five sheng; if drinking one sheng gets drunk, then drink half sheng. Administer medicine on a full day, take on empty stomach with warm wine... three pills. By seventh day, old diseases are cured, hoarseness, blindness, convulsions, lameness, hernia, wild chicken goiter, wind epilepsy... qi, sores and swelling, ten thousand diseases all cured. White hair turns black, fallen teeth grow again. Master Zhang said: Two liang is one dose, one dose extends eighty years, two doses extend two hundred and forty years, three doses achieve spiritual connection and immortality. If becoming heavenly immortal for ten thousand years, forever abstain from sexual intercourse. If becoming earthly immortal for five thousand years, abstain for three years. If becoming human immortal for fifteen hundred years, abstain for one hundred days... Chen Jushi submitted a memorial after October, mud stove creation during thunder rest time, also do not use loud carriage and horse sounds. Why create heavenly thunder in October, rise in February..., cease in August. When initially creating pill, sacrifice to Five Sacred Mountains gods and earth spirits, also take boy to watch fire heat. Twenty-four solar terms, five elements yin and yang, twelve double-hours, take these climates for fire, pill then completes. What sages took all led to long life and longevity. Worldly people cannot take regularly, some say this medicine is ineffective. If with careful heart and firm will, surely attain immortal longevity.

Li Babai Xing Jin Dan (Li Baba's White Apricot Golden Pill) (from *Shengji Zonglu*)
Take five dou of plump apricot kernels, hold in cloth bag, soak together well spring water for three days, then enter steamer, cover with silk, top with five cun of yellow sand, steam... sheng... melt... place... long... Mi Yuan Dan (Secret Origin Pill) Securely guard the Three Fields, connect and nourish true qi.
Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) (1 jin, soaked in grain water for seven days, cut half-broken), Mylabris (Banmao) (49 pieces, remove wings and feet), Figleaf Ficus Leaf (Biliye) (2 liang), Glutinous Rice (Nuomi)... (one part)... Upper... half... Lansheng Dan (Inspect Sage Pill) Supreme connects with spirit and sees clearly, predicts fortune and misfortune, above distinguishes immortals, below observes ghosts and demons.
Purple Reishi (Zizhi), Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome (Shichangpu) (cut and dried), Pre-knowledge Seed (Yuzhizi) (peeled), Poria with Hostwood (Fushen) (remove wood), Hinge Shell (Shiejueming), Decussate Bivalve Shell (Caojueming) (fried), Honey-covered Flower (Mimenghua) (each... two liang)... Pill. Baozhen Huming Dan (Treasure True Protect Life Pill) Treats excessive yin qi, turbid five viscera, fatigue after eating, although not middle-aged, decline arrives first, eliminates yin.
Gastrodia Elata (Tianma) (cut), Achyranthes Bidentata Root (Niuxi) (remove sprouts, cut, each 4 liang), Henbane Seed (Tianxianzi) (one sheng, clean wash, fry yellow). Upper hold in silk bag, soak in wine... seven days seven... night. Yuzhi Dan (Jade芝 Pill) Treats all wind disorders and women's blood qi.
Black Lead (Heiqian) (1 liang), Mercury (Shuiyin) (1 liang), Sulfur (Liu Huang) (size of one soybean), Yangqi Stone (Yangqishi) (size of three soybeans), Hematite (Daizhe) (size of three... soybeans), Saltpeter... Shi... Cook... weigh mercury having one liang then stop. Put into rear cabinet sulfur one and half liang, finely ground like flour, put into bottle, cover with bowl, gradually fire... force... ... one liang... three liang... take out. Warm wine down... took after... Zipfen Lingbao Dan (Purple Powder Spiritual Treasure Pill) Treats bone and tendon wind disorders, adds essence and marrow, spirit and qi refreshed, good color red and joyful, long-term use light and healthy, warms water viscera.
Mercury (Shuiyin) (3 liang, no separate processing same as above Yuzhi Dan, every two liang mercury add half liang sulfur to form sand particles, finely ground like powder), Black... lead (... sand... particle... wet... can... hand... mix with boiled jujube flesh into pills, size of paulownia seeds, daily empty stomach swallow one pill with saliva. Qingjin Dan (Green Gold Pill) Treats all wind-cold blood qi.
Mercury, Cinnabar, Sulfur, Minium, Lead Powder (each 1 liang). Upper in crucible, first put sulfur melt into liquid, then put cinnabar... water... silver knot... jin one... poison after... then add... Baijin Dan (White Gold Pill) Treats all wind, facial paralysis where mouth corner does not recover, and hemiplegia.
Cinnabar (Dansha) (3 liang, separately finely ground to powder), Orpiment (Ci Huang) (1.5 liang), Sulfur (Liu Huang) (1 liang). Upper two yellows grind together like powder, first in pan... melt into... liquid. ... Wen... chisel take... big. Fire mercury sulfur purple powder pill Treats all cold qi, reverse stomach vomiting, cold-hot blood qi, cold consumption intestinal wind, all cold diseases divine effect.
Sulfur (6 liang), Mercury (2.5 liang), Needle Sand (1 liang, wash clean), Taiyin Xuanjing Stone [3 (2) liang grind... in]. Upper... first fine... day seven night... exhaust. That... side with five... soup soak one... warm wine down... Ziling Dan (Purple Spirit Pill) Treats all cold qi, digest food, break women's old blood, cold diseases divine effect.
Sulfur (8 liang, imported, finely ground), White Salt (3 jin, one and half jin white use one and half jin, mix with three sheng rice vinegar, sun-dry). Upper... use one... tripod... salt cover...住 just... each... Si Bi Gui Zhusha Fa (Four Walls Cabinet Cinnabar Method) Can eliminate wind-cold, warm marrow, beautify complexion, long-term use no disease, extend life and health.
Needle Sand (1 jin), Sulfur (4 liang), Cinnabar (3 liang), Alum (4 liang), Salt. Upper with strong vinegar one dou five sheng,... boil needle sand... sulfur... boil wait... exhaust. With vinegar... with... let fire self-melt, cold furnace take out medicine, cinnabar already subdued, spread thinly on wet ground, basin cover one fu time, remove fire poison, finely grind mix with jujube flesh into pills.... like sesame seeds, daily empty stomach warm wine down five grains. Make bucket with lead, can weigh two jin, make cylinder with copper, can weigh three jin, forbid sheep blood. Taiyang Zipfen Dan (Sun Purple Powder Pill) Treats men's long-term cold, women's blood qi cold consumption, five diaphragm qi, reverse stomach,... pi, all cold diseases, none not... cured.
Sulfur, Sodium Nitrate (Mayaxiao), Mercury (each 3 liang). Upper with unadulterated wine drop by drop, grind together in mortar, wait until mercury stars disappear then stop. Day... dry in sun... gradually add... again... take... Qinghua Dan (Blue Flower Pill) Treats cholera vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal distension cold qi, heart pain intestinal wind, blood qi deficiency cold disease, children's malnutrition divine effect.
Empty Blue (Kongqing), Calamine (Dingfen), White Halloysite (Baishizhi), Cinnabar, Peach Blossom Stone (Taohuashi) (each 1 jin), Salt Flower (4 liang). Upper grind together like flour, enter porcelain bottle... child... in. With... long. Let... like sesame seeds... Taiyang Liuzhu Dan (Sun Flowing Pearl Pill) Treats all wind-cold wind disorders, mass formations, women's blood qi, red and white leukorrhea, intestinal wind bleeding, long-term... qi dysentery.
Sulfur (1 jin), Sodium Nitrate (4 liang), Salt Flower (4 liang, fry until color changes), Borax (2 liang, fire-controlled). Upper together... grind like flour. ... enter porcelain... iron chain... hundred days... poison. Siling Dan (Four Spirits Pill) Preserve face and tonify.
Minium, Mercury, Steel Iron (scraped powder), Borax (above each 2 liang). Upper grind enter porcelain box, seal tightly until dry, place in ash... furnace in. ... box... strong licorice... with warm wine... Siling Dan (Four Spirits Pill) Treats bone and tendon wind, opisthotonos wind, kidney wind, heat toxin wind, skin wind, great wind, feeling厥 wind, all treat them. Its merit like... Borax (3 liang), Mercury (1 liang), Cinnabar (1 liang), Sulfur (2 liang). Upper borax sulfur grind together like flour. ... in porcelain box... in contain... sand each one part grind together, with... with water fly through, enter bamboo... poison finished, use millet rice... Fuhuo Xuanshi Gui Lingsha Dan (Fire-Controlled Dark Stone Cabinet Spirit Mercury Pill) Tonify bones and tendons, preserve color, treat women's wind-cold, warm uterus, long-term use not age and extend life.
Cinnabar (3 liang, finely ground, wrapped in paper), Magnetite (1.5 jin, crushed, finely ground, wash away red juice completely). Upper with petroleum twelve liang, mix... magnetite... let enter. First seal one porcelain bottle until dry, put half magnetite into bottle, tamp solid, center hollow out a pit, can contain... get Zhu... wait bottle... take... like... Xuanying San (Dark Hero Powder) Dispel wind-heat, benefit three jiao, resist cold and heat, preserve face appearance, long-term use remove ten thousand diseases.
Sichuan Mirabilite (Chuan Pu Xiao) (5 jin, burn in bottle until red hot, finely ground like powder), Light Bamboo Juice (Dan Zhuli) (1 sheng). Upper mix bamboo juice with mirabilite until uniformly wet, use large... bamboo tube... one piece... let pass... nitrate fine... remove