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Cracking of the lips, mouth, and face occurs when one is exposed to wind-cold during cold weather. The cold causes the Couli (pores and skin texture) to contract and damages the skin, resulting in wrinkles and fissures. The Qi of the meridians converges on the face, as it is the meeting point of all Yang meridians. There are meridians that circle the lips and flank the mouth. If Blood and Qi are substantial, even strong winds and severe cold cannot harm the body; if they are deficient, the Couli open, allowing Wind pathogen to invade, thus leading to cracking upon exposure to wind-cold. Furthermore, washing the face with warm water or warming oneself by a fire in winter causes external heat to rush into the Couli; if this is followed by exposure to wind-cold, it also leads to cracking.

Prescription:
Shengdi Huang Jian (Raw Rehmannia Decoction) [from *Shenghui Fang*, also known as Run Pi Gao / Spleen-Moistening Paste], treating Spleen Heat causing dry, cracked, and unmoistened lips.
Ingredients: Raw Shengdi Huang Juice (Rehmanniae Radix Fresh Juice), Raw Tian Dong Juice (Asparagi Radix Juice) (each half sheng); Ruizhu (Polygonati Rhizoma), Raw Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) (each two liang, heart removed); Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (freshly crushed).
Usage: Decoct until the color of the medicine changes, hold in the mouth, and swallow slowly.

Prescription for Cracking of Lips and Face [from *Shenghui Fang*].
Ingredients: Beeswax (La), Sheep Fat (Yang Zhi), Cinnabar (Zhusha) (each half liang, finely ground); Jia Jian (Turtle Shell Preparation); Zicao (Arnebiae Radix seu Lithospermi Radix) (half fen, crushed).
Usage: First, melt the beeswax in a copper pot over low heat until slightly solidified.

Prescription for Cracking of Lips and Face after Long Travel [from *Shibian Liangfang*, also known as Zhuzhi Gao / Pig Fat Ointment].
Usage: Cook and refine pig fat, store in a container. Apply frequently to the lips and face every night. One will not suffer from cracking even if sleeping outdoors.

Prescription for Dry, Cracked, and Bleeding Lips in Winter [from *Haishang Fang*, also known as Taoren Gao / Peach Kernel Ointment].
Usage: Pound peach kernels thoroughly, mix with pig fat, and apply to the lips. Effective.

Prescription for Tight Lips [from *Shenghui Fang*].
Usage: Wash the area with water boiled with Portulaca oleracea (Machixian).

Prescription for Tight Lips.
Usage: Take turtle shell (Biejia) and its head, burn them to ash, grind into powder, and apply topically.

Generally, the tongue is the manifestation of the Heart and the Small Intestine. The tongue weighs ten taels, is seven cun long, and two and a half cun wide. It skillfully employs balance and can distinguish the five flavors.
The Liver desires sour, the Spleen desires sweet, and the Kidney desires salty; these are the five flavors internally corresponding to the Qi of the five Zang organs. If the Zang organs have Heat, sores appear on the tongue, pulling the lips upward and reddening them. If the Fu organs have Cold, the root of the tongue contracts, causing lockjaw (Kou Jin) and cyanosis of the lips. Cold conditions should be tonified, Heat conditions should be purged, and conditions without extreme cold or heat should be regulated according to the Zang and Fu organs. For symptoms of tongue contraction, lockjaw, and cyanotic lips, Shengma Jian (Cimicifugae Decoction) is the primary treatment.
The tongue is the official organ of the Heart, responsible for tasting the five flavors, nourishing the body, and relying on the Spleen to distribute Body Fluids to the five Zang organs. Therefore, the primary meridian of the Heart connects to the root of the tongue... [The original text here is fragmented and incomplete.]