（附论）
夫膀胱者。津液之府。与肾合而主水。共为表里。行于小腹。入于胞为溲便。今胞因有
客热
治小便赤色如浅红花汁。此是忧愁惊恐。气虚客热邪气等积于心所致。故小便赤。心主
南方
以小
平不
方
麦门冬丸 治小便如血状。小腹胀满疼痛。
麦门冬 茯神 人参 赤芍药 甘草 黄 栝蒌根 子芩 蒲黄 车前子 木通 生
干地
下三
犀角汤 治因有客热入脏腑。变为热劳。小便赤涩。四肢烦疼。心膈壅闷。下黄与
赤。身壮
犀角 鳖甲 柴胡 山芋 续断 熟干地黄 黄芩 紫菀 甘草 秦艽 防风 浓朴
上捣
酸枣仁丸 治膈上虚热。咽喉结塞。小便赤涩。神困多眠。
酸枣仁 薏苡仁 木通 枳壳 黄 升麻 大黄（锉炒） 麦门冬（去心焙） 木香 赤
茯苓
麦
门冬
八珍散 治大人小儿小便涩。去潮热。
大黄 木通 滑石 粉草 瞿麦 山栀子仁 黄芩 荆芥 上为末。每服一钱。薄荷煎
汤温
茅根汤 治心脾热壅。小便赤涩。皮肉发黄。目黄色。
白茅根（三两） 黄芩（一两半） 秦艽 茵陈蒿 犀角（镑） 朴硝（研） 赤芍药
（各三两）
麦
二
夜
木通汤（又名瞿麦汤）治小肠客热。小便淋涩赤痛。（方见瞿麦汤）
龙胆汤 治小便赤涩。额上汗出。手足烦热。
龙胆（去苗洗） 犀角（镑） 生地黄（各一两） 升麻（锉） 甘草（各半两） 牡
蛎（一两半）
麦
榆白皮汤 治膀胱积热。小便赤涩。
榆白皮 车前子 冬葵根 木通 瞿麦穗 茅根 桑螵蛸（各半两） 上细锉。每服五
钱。以
榆皮汤 治肾热脬囊涩。小便赤如血。
榆白皮（锉） 葵子 车前子 木通（锉） 滑石（各四两） 蜜（六分） 上都捣。
水一斗。
煮取
治小便赤色如血。心神烦躁。水道中痛。
生干地黄（二两） 黄芩 甘草（炙微赤锉） 车前子（微炒） 当归（炒） 川芒硝
（一两）
上为
茅根饮子 治小便赤色痛。
白茅根 生干地黄 木通（锉各二两） 赤茯苓 人参（去芦头） 葵根（各一两）
上为
散。每
治小肠壅热。小便如红花汁。
木通 滑石（各二两） 葵子 石苇（去毛） 子芩 甘草（炙微黄锉各一两） 上为
散。每
服四
石苇汤 治心与膀胱俱热。小便赤涩不利。
石苇（去毛） 瞿麦穗 虎杖 海金沙（各半两） 滑石（一两） 上捣筛。每服二钱。
以水
一盏
石燕子散 治心热。小便赤涩不利。
石燕子（一个） 滑石（一分） 冬葵子 续随子（去皮别研） 海金沙（别研各一两）
上为
散。
透泉散 通利小肠。治小便赤沥。
滑石末 甜硝 琥珀 上等分研细。每服二钱。煎灯心汤调下。空心食前服。
滑石散 治风热小便赤沥。
滑石（二两） 栀子仁 木通 上等分为散。每服二钱。煎葱白汤调下。早晚食前夜卧
各
一。
槟榔汤 治头浮虚。心胸膨胀。小便赤涩。欲作水候。
槟榔 枳壳 桔梗 木香 上捣筛。每服二钱。水一盏半。姜三片。枣二枚擘。煎七分。
去
通滑散 治热极小便赤涩不通。水道中痛。尿即号啼。
滑石（一两） 木通草（七钱半） 冬葵子 赤茯苓 车前子 黄芩（各半两） 上为
细末。
食前
滑石散 治小便不利。赤涩疼痛。一名木通汤。
蚕蜕散 治小便赤涩疼痛。一名蚕灰散。
酸浆饮 治小便赤涩疼痛。一名酸浆酒。
茅根饮子 治胞络中虚。小便如血色。
茅根（一升） 茯苓（三两） 人参 干地黄（各二两） 上切。以水五升。煮取一升
五合。
去滓
通草饮子 治热气淋涩。小便赤如红花汁色者。
通草（三两一作木通） 葵子（一升） 滑石（四两碎） 石苇（二两） 上切。以水
六升。煎
取二
治心经留热。小便赤涩。\x
以山栀子去皮。及火炮大黄、炙甘草等分末之。水煎三二钱服之。无不效。
(Attached Discussion)
The Bladder (Pangguang) is the mansion of body fluids (Jinye), harmonizing with the Kidney to govern water metabolism. They form an interior-exterior relationship, located in the lower abdomen, entering the uterus/bladder to form urine for excretion. Currently, pathogenic heat (Ke Re) lingers in the bladder, causing urine to be red like pale safflower juice. This is caused by accumulation of worry, fright, Qi deficiency, and pathogenic heat in the Heart. Therefore, the urine appears red. The Heart corresponds to the South... [text missing] ...to achieve balance... [text missing].
Maidong Wan (Ophiopogon Pill): Treats urine resembling blood, with distension and pain in the lower abdomen.
Ingredients: Maidong (Radix Ophiopogonis), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Chishao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae), Gualou Gen (Radix Trichosanthis), Ziqin (Radix Scutellariae), Puhuang (Pollinis Typhae), Cheqianzi (Semen Plantaginis), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), Sheng Gan Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata). [Dosage and preparation details missing in source].
Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction): Treats pathogenic heat invading the zang-fu organs, transforming into heat exhaustion (Re Lao), presenting with red and difficult urination, irritability and pain in the four limbs, oppression and fullness in the chest and diaphragm, yellow-red discharge, and high fever.
Ingredients: Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri), Shanyu (Rhizoma Dioscoreae), Xuduan (Radix Dipsaci), Shu Gan Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae), Ziwan (Herba Asteris Tatarici), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Qin Jiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae), Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae), Nong Po (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis). [Dosage and preparation details missing in source].
Suanzaoren Wan (Ziziphus Seed Pill): Treats deficient heat above the diaphragm, sensation of obstruction in the throat, red and difficult urination, mental fatigue, and excessive sleepiness.
Ingredients: Suanzaoren (Semen Ziziphi Spinosae), Yiyiren (Semen Coicis), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), Zhike (Fructus Aurantii), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Maidong (Radix Ophiopogonis, heart removed and baked), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Chishao Fu Ling (Poria cum Radix Paeoniae Rubra). [Dosage and preparation details missing in source].
Bazhen San (Eight Treasures Powder): Treats difficult urination in adults and children, and eliminates tidal fever.
Ingredients: Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), Huashi (Talcum), Fenc Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Qumai (Herba Dianthi), Shanzhizi Ren (Semen Gardenolae), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae), Jingjie (Herba Schizonepetae). All ingredients are ground into powder. Take one qian per dose, warm with mint decoction. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Maogen Tang (Imperata Root Decoction): Treats heat stagnation in the Heart and Spleen, red and difficult urination, yellowing of skin and flesh, and yellowing of the eyes.
Ingredients: Bai Maogen (Rhizoma Imperatae, 3 liang), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae, 1.5 liang), Qin Jiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae), Yinchen Hao (Herba Artemisiae Scopariae), Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis, sliced), Poxiao (Natrii Sulfas, crushed), Chishao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra, each 3 liang). [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Mutong Tang (also known as Qumai Tang): Treats pathogenic heat in the Small Intestine, presenting with strangury, difficulty in urination, redness, and pain. (Formula details see "Qumai Tang").
Longdan Tang (Gentian Decoction): Treats red and difficult urination, sweating on the forehead, and irritability and heat in the hands and feet.
Ingredients: Longdan (Radix Gentianae, root removed and washed), Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis, sliced), Sheng Dihuang (Radix Rehmanniae, each 1 liang), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae, crushed), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, each 0.5 liang), Muli (Concha Ostreae, 1.5 liang). [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Yubai Pi Tang (Ulmus Bark Decoction): Treats accumulated heat in the Bladder, presenting with red and difficult urination.
Ingredients: Yubai Pi (Cortex Ulmi), Cheqianzi (Semen Plantaginis), Dong Kui Gen (Radix Malvae), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), Qumai Sui (Spica Dianthi), Maogen (Rhizoma Imperatae), Sangpiaosao (Ovum Mantidis, each 0.5 liang). Finely crush all ingredients. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with water. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Yu Pi Tang: Treats Kidney heat causing bladder constriction, with urine red as blood.
Ingredients: Yubai Pi (Ulmus Bark, crushed), Kuizi (Semen Malvae), Cheqianzi (Semen Plantaginis), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, crushed), Huashi (Talcum, each 4 liang), Honey (6 fen). Crush all ingredients. Decoct with 1 dou of water. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
(Treats) Urine red as blood, mental restlessness and irritability, and pain in the urinary tract.
Ingredients: Sheng Gan Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, 2 liang), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, roasted until slightly red and crushed), Cheqianzi (Semen Plantaginis, lightly stir-fried), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, stir-fried), Chuan Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang). Grind into powder. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Maogen Yinzi (Imperata Root Infusion): Treats red and painful urination.
Ingredients: Bai Maogen (Rhizoma Imperatae), Sheng Gan Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae, crushed, each 2 liang), Chishao Fu Ling (Poria cum Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, rhizome removed), Kuigen (Radix Malvae, each 1 liang). Grind into powder. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
(Treats) Stagnant heat in the Small Intestine, urine resembling safflower juice.
Ingredients: Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), Huashi (Talcum, each 2 liang), Kuizi (Semen Malvae), Shiwei (Folium Pyri Sorbifoliae, hairs removed), Ziqin (Radix Scutellariae), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, roasted until slightly yellow and crushed, each 1 liang). Grind into powder. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Shiwei Tang (Pyrus Sorbifolia Leaf Decoction): Treats heat in both the Heart and Bladder, presenting with red, difficult, and obstructed urination.
Ingredients: Shiwei (Folium Pyri Sorbifoliae, hairs removed), Qumai Sui (Spica Dianthi), Huzhang (Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati), Haijinsha (Sporus Lygodii, each 0.5 liang), Huashi (Talcum, 1 liang). Crush and sieve. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct with one盏 of water. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Shiyanzi San (Stone Swallow Sand): Treats Heart heat, presenting with red, difficult, and obstructed urination.
Ingredients: Shiyanzi (Lapis Lapillus, one piece), Huashi (Talcum, 1 fen), Dong Kuizi (Semen Malvae), Xu Sui Zi (Semen Euphorbiae Lathyris, skin removed and separately ground), Haijinsha (Sporus Lygodii, separately ground, each 1 liang). Grind into powder. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Touquan San: Promotes free flow in the Small Intestine, treating red and scanty urination.
Ingredients: Huashi Mo (Powdered Talcum), Tian Xiao (Sweet Saltpeter), Hupo (Amber). Equal parts, finely ground. Take 2 qian per dose, mix with Dengxin Tang (Juncus Decoction) and swallow. Take on an empty stomach or before meals.
Huashi San: Treats wind-heat causing red and scanty urination.
Ingredients: Huashi (Talcum, 2 liang), Zhizi Ren (Semen Gardenolae), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae). Equal parts, ground into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mix with Congbai Tang (Scallion White Decoction) and swallow. Take morning and evening before meals, and at night before bed. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Binglang Tang (Areca Nut Decoction): Treats floating edema of the head, distension of the chest and heart, red and difficult urination, impending hydrops (water retention).
Ingredients: Binglang (Semen Arecae), Zhike (Fructus Aurantii), Jiegeng (Radix Platycodonis), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae). Crush and sieve. Take 2 qian per dose, with 1.5盏 of water, 3 slices of ginger, and 2 cracked dates. Decoct to 70%, remove dregs. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Tonghua San: Treats extreme heat causing red, difficult, and obstructed urination, pain in the urinary tract, and crying out during urination.
Ingredients: Huashi (Talcum, 1 liang), Mutong Cao (Caulis Tetrapanacis Agrestis, 7.5 qian), Dong Kuizi (Semen Malvae), Chishao Fu Ling (Poria cum Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Cheqianzi (Semen Plantaginis), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae, each 0.5 liang). Grind into fine powder. Take before meals. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Huashi San: Treats difficult urination, redness, astringency, and pain. Also known as Mutong Tang.
Can Tui San: Treats red, difficult, and painful urination. Also known as Can Hui San.
Suanjiang Yin: Treats red, difficult, and painful urination. Also known as Suanjiang Jiu.
Maogen Yinzi: Treats deficiency in the bladder collaterals, with urine resembling blood.
Ingredients: Maogen (Rhizoma Imperatae, 1 sheng), Fuling (Poria, 3 liang), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Gan Dihuang (Radix Rehmanniae, each 2 liang). Cut into pieces. Decoct with 5 sheng of water to obtain 1.5 sheng. Remove dregs. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
Tongcao Yinzi: Treats heat-strangury with difficulty in urination, where urine is red like safflower juice.
Ingredients: Tongcao (Medulla Tetrapanacis, 3 liang, alternatively Mutong), Kuizi (Semen Malvae, 1 sheng), Huashi (Talcum, 4 liang, crushed), Shiwei (Folium Pyri Sorbifoliae, 2 liang). Cut into pieces. Decoct with 6 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. [Dosage and preparation details partially missing].
To treat residual heat in the Heart Meridian causing red and difficult urination:
Method: Take Zhizi (Fructus Gardenolae) with skin removed, Da Huang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) fire-roasted, and Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) roasted, in equal proportions, grind into powder. Decoct 2-3 qian with water and take. It is invariably effective.