一、固方之制，固其泄也。如久嗽为喘，而气泄于上者，宜固其肺。久遗成淋，而精脱
于下者，宜固其肾。小水不禁者，宜固其膀胱。大便不禁者，宜固其肠脏。汗泄不止者，宜
固其皮毛。血泄不止者，宜固其营卫。凡因寒而泄者，当固之以热；因热而泄者，当固之以
寒。总之，在上者在表者，皆宜固气，气主在肺也；在下者在里者，皆宜固精，精主在肾也
。然虚者可固，实者不可固；久者可固，暴者不可固。当固不固，则沧海亦将竭；不当固而
固，则闭门延寇也。二者俱当详酌之。
一、因方之制，因其可因者也。凡病有相同者，皆可按证而用之，是谓因方。如痈毒之
起，肿可敷也；蛇虫之患，毒可解也；汤火伤其肌肤，热可散也；跌打伤其筋骨，断可续也
，凡此之类，皆因证而可药者也。然因中有不可因者，又在乎证同而因不同耳。盖人之虚实
寒热，各有不齐，表里阴阳，治当分类。故有宜于此而不宜于彼者，有同于表而不同于里者
。所以病虽相类，而但涉内伤者，盒饭于血气中酌其可否之因，不可谓因方之类，尽可因之
而用也。因之为用，有因标者，有因本者，勿因此因字而误认因方之义。
大补元煎 治男妇气血大坏，精神失守危剧等证。此回天赞化，救本培元第一要方。本
方与后右归饮出入互思。
人参（补气补阳，以此为主，少则用一、二钱，多则用一、二两） 山药（炒，二钱） 熟地（
补精补阴，以此为主，少则用二、三钱，多则用二、三两） 杜仲（二钱） 当钱（二、三钱，若泄泻
者，去之） 山茱萸（一钱，如畏酸吞酸者，去之） 枸杞（二、三钱） 炙甘草（一、二钱）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。如元阳不足多寒者，于本方加附子、肉桂、炮姜之类，随
宜用之；如气分偏虚者，加黄 、白术；如胃口多滞者，不必用；如血滞者，加川芎，去山
茱萸；如滑泄者，加五味、故纸之属。
左归饮 此壮水之剂也。凡命门之阴衰阳胜者，宜此方加减主之。此一阴煎、四阴煎之主方也。
熟地（二、三钱，或加至一、二两） 山药（二钱） 枸杞（二钱） 炙甘草（一钱） 茯苓（一钱半） 山
茱萸（一、二钱，畏酸者，少用之）
水二钟，煎七分，食远服。如肺热而烦者，加麦冬二钱；血滞者，加丹皮二钱；心热而
躁者，加玄参二钱；脾热易饥者，加芍药二钱；肾热骨蒸多汗者，加地骨皮二钱；血热妄动
者，加生地二、三钱；阴虚不宁者，加女贞子二钱；上实下虚者，加牛膝二钱以导之；血虚
而燥滞者，加当归二钱。
右归饮 此益火之剂也，凡命门之阳衰阴胜者，宜此方加减主之。此方与大补元煎出入
互用。如治阴盛格阳，真寒假热等证，宜加泽泻二钱，煎成用凉水浸冷服之尤妙。
熟地（用如前） 山药（炒，二钱） 山茱萸（一钱） 枸杞（二钱） 甘草（炙，一、二钱） 杜仲（姜
制，二钱） 肉桂（一、二钱） 制附子（一、二、三钱）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。如气虚血脱，或厥或昏，或汗或运，或虚狂，或短气者，
必大加人参、白术，随宜用之；如火衰不能生土，为呕哕吞酸者，加炮干姜二、三钱；如阳
衰中寒，泄泻腹痛，加人参、肉豆蔻，随宜用之；如小腹多痛者，加吴茱萸五、七分；如淋
带不止，加破故纸一钱；如血少血滞，腰膝软痛者，加当归二、三钱。
左归丸 治真阴肾水不足，不能滋养营卫，渐至衰弱，或虚热往来，自汗盗汗，或神不
守舍，血不归原，或虚损伤阴，或遗淋不禁，或气虚昏运，或眼花耳聋，或口燥舌干，或腰
酸腿软，凡精髓内亏，津液枯涸等证，俱速宜壮水之主，以培左肾之元阴，而精血自充矣。宜此方主之。
大怀熟（八两） 山药（炒，四两） 枸杞（四两） 山茱萸肉（四两） 川牛膝（酒洗，蒸熟，三两，精
滑者，不用） 菟丝子（制，四两） 鹿胶（敲碎，炒珠，四两） 龟胶（切碎，炒珠，四两，无火者，不必用）
上先将熟地蒸烂，杵膏，加炼蜜丸，桐子大。每食前用滚汤或淡盐汤送下百余丸。
如真阴失守，虚火炎上者，宜用纯阴至静之剂，于本方去枸杞、鹿胶，加女贞子三两，
麦冬三两；如火烁肺金，干枯多嗽者，加百合三两；如夜热骨蒸，加地骨皮三两；如小水不
利不清，加茯苓三两；如大便燥结，去菟丝，加肉苁蓉三两；如气虚者，加人参三、四两；
如血虚微滞，加当归四两；如腰膝酸痛，加杜仲三两，监水炒用；如脏平无火而肾气不充者
，加破故纸三两，去心莲肉、胡桃肉各四两，龟胶不必用；上凡五液皆主于肾，故凡属阴分
之药，无不皆能走肾，有谓必须导引者，皆见之不明耳。
右归丸 治元阳不足，或先天禀衰，或劳伤过度，以致命门火衰，不能生土，而为脾胃
虚寒，饮食少进，或呕恶膨胀，或番胃噎膈，或怯寒畏冷，或脐腹多痛，或大便不实，泻痢
频作，或小水自遗，虚淋寒疝，或寒侵溪谷而肢节痹痛，或寒在下焦而水邪浮肿。总之，真
阳不足者，必神疲气怯，或心跳不宁，或四体不收，或眼见邪崇，或阳衰无子等证，俱速宜
益火之原，以培右肾之元阳，而神气自强矣，此方主之。
大怀熟（八两） 山药（炒，四两） 山茱萸（微炒，三两） 枸杞（微炒，四两） 鹿角胶（炒珠，四两）
菟丝子（制，四两） 杜仲（姜汤炒，四两） 当归（三两，便溏勿用） 肉桂（二两，渐可加至四两）
制附子（自二两，渐可加至五、六两）
上丸法如前，或丸如弹子大。每嚼服二、三丸。以滚白汤送下，其效尤速。
如阳衰气虚，必加人参以为之主，或二、三两，或五、六两，随人虚实，以为增减。盖
人参之功，随阳药则入阳分，随阴药则入阴分，欲补命门之阳，非加人参不能捷效。如阳虚
精滑，或带浊便溏，加补骨脂酒炒三两；如飧泄肾泄不止，加北五味子三两，肉豆蔻三两，
面炒去油用；如饮食减少，或不易化，或呕恶吞酸，皆脾胃虚寒之证，加干姜三、四两，炒
黄用；如腹痛不止，加吴茱萸二两，汤泡半日，炒用；如腰膝酸痛，加胡桃肉连皮四两；如
阴虚阳痿，加巴戟肉四两，肉苁蓉三两，或加黄狗外肾一、二付，以酒煮烂捣入之。
五福饮 凡五脏气血亏损者，此能兼治之，足称王道之最。
人参（随宜，心） 熟地（随宜，肾） 当归（二、三钱，肝） 白术（炒，一钱半，肺） 炙甘草（一钱，脾）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。或加生姜三、五片。凡治气血俱虚等证，以此为主。或宜
温者，加姜、附；宜散者，加升麻、柴、葛，左右逢源，无不可也。
七福饮 治气血俱虚，而心脾为甚者。
即前方加枣仁二钱，远志三、五分，制用。
一阴煎 此治水亏火胜之剂，故曰一阴。凡肾水真阴虚损，而脉证多阳，虚火发热，及
阴虚动血等证，或疟疾伤寒屡散之后，取汗既多，脉虚气弱，而烦渴不止，潮热不退者，此
以汗多伤阴，水亏而然也，皆宜用此加减主之。
生地（二钱） 熟地（三、五钱） 芍药（二钱） 麦冬（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 牛膝（一钱半） 丹参（二钱）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。如火盛躁烦者，入真龟胶二、三钱，化服；如气虚者，间
用人参一、二钱；如心虚不眠多汗者，加枣仁、当归各一、二钱；如汗多烦躁者，加五味子
十粒，或加山药、山茱萸；如见微火者，加女贞子一、二钱；如虚火上浮，或吐血、或衄血
不止者，加泽泻一、二钱，茜根二钱，或加川续断一、二钱，以涩之亦妙。
加减一阴煎 治证如前而火之甚者，宜用此方。
生地 芍药 麦冬（各二钱） 熟地（三、五钱） 炙甘草（五、七分） 知母 地骨皮（各一钱）
水二钟，煎服。如躁烦热甚便结者，加石膏二、三钱；如小水热涩者，加栀子一、二钱
；如火浮于上者，加泽泻一、二钱，或黄芩一钱；如血燥血少者，加当归一、二钱。
二阴煎 此治心经有热，水不制火之病，故曰二阴。凡惊狂失志，多言多笑，或疡疹烦
热失血等证，宜此主之。
生地（二、三钱） 麦冬（二、三钱） 枣仁（二钱） 生甘草（一钱） 玄参（一钱半） 黄连（或一、二钱）
茯苓（一钱半） 木通（一钱半）
水二钟，加灯草二十根，或竹叶亦可，煎七分，食远服。如痰胜热甚者，加九制胆星一
钱，或天花粉一钱五分。
三阴煎 此治肝脾虚损，精血不足，及营虚失血等病，故曰三阴。凡中风血不养筋，及
疟疾汗多，邪散而寒热犹不能止，是皆少阳、厥阴阴虚少血之病，微有火者，宜一阴煎；无
火者，宜此主之。
当归（二、三钱） 熟地（三、五钱） 炙甘草（一钱） 芍药（酒炒，二钱） 枣仁（二钱） 人参（随宜）
水二钟，煎七分，食远服。如呕恶者，加生姜三、五片；汗多烦躁者，加五味子十四粒
；汗多气虚者，加黄 一、二钱；小腹隐痛，加枸杞二、三钱；如有胀闷，加陈皮一钱；如
腰膝筋骨无力，加杜仲、牛膝。
四阴煎 此保肺清金之剂，故曰四阴。治阴虚劳损，相火炽盛，津枯烦渴，咳嗽吐衄多热等证。
生地（二、三钱） 麦冬（二钱） 白芍药（二钱） 百合（二钱） 沙参（二钱） 生甘草（一
钱） 茯苓（一钱半）
水二钟，煎七分，食远服。如夜热盗汗，加地骨皮一、二钱；如痰多气盛，加贝母二、
三钱，阿胶一、二钱，天花粉亦可；如金水不能相滋，而干燥喘嗽者，加熟地三、五钱；如
多汗不眠，神魂不宁，加枣仁二钱；如多汗兼渴，加北五味十四粒；如热甚者，加黄柏一、
二钱，盐水炒用，或玄参亦可，但分上下用之；如血燥经迟，枯涩不至者，加牛膝二钱；如
血热吐衄，加茜根二钱；如多火便燥，或肺干咳咯者，加天门冬二钱，或加童便亦可；如火
载血上者，去甘草，加炒栀子一、二钱。
五阴煎 凡真阴亏损，脾虚失血等证，或见溏泄未甚者，所重在脾，故曰五阴。忌用润
滑，宜此主之。
熟地（五、七钱，或一两） 山药（炒，二钱） 扁豆（炒，二、三钱） 炙甘草（一、二钱） 茯苓（一
钱半） 芍药（炒黄，二钱） 五味子（二十粒） 人参（随宜用） 白术（炒，一、二钱）
水二钟，加莲肉去心二十粒，煎服。
大营煎 治真阴精血亏损，及妇人经迟血少，腰膝筋骨疼痛，或气血虚寒，心腹疼痛等证。
当归（二、三钱，或五钱） 熟地（三、五、七钱） 枸杞（二钱） 炙甘草（一、二钱） 杜仲（二钱）
牛膝（一钱半） 肉桂（一、二钱）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。如寒滞在经，气血不能流通，筋骨疼痛之甚者，必加制附
子一、二钱方效；如带浊腹痛者，加故纸一钱炒用；如气虚者，加人参、白术；中气虚寒呕
恶者，加炒焦干姜一、二钱。
小营煎 治血少阴虚，此性味平和之方也。
当归（二钱） 熟地（二、三钱） 芍药（酒炒，二钱） 山药（炒，二钱） 枸杞（二钱） 炙甘草（一钱）
水二钟，煎七分，食远温服。如营虚于上，而为惊恐怔忡，不眠多汗者，加枣仁、茯神
各二钱；如营虚兼寒者，去芍药，加生姜；如气滞有痛者，加香附一、二钱，引而行之。
补阴益气煎 此补中益气汤之变方也。治劳倦伤阴，精不化气，或阴虚内乏，以致外感
不解，寒热 疟，阴虚便结不通等证。凡属阴气不足而虚邪外侵者，用此升散，无不神效。
人参（一、二、三钱） 当归（二、三钱） 山药（酒炒，二、三钱） 熟地（三、五钱或一、二两）
陈皮（一钱） 炙甘草（一钱） 升麻（三、五分，火浮于上者，去此不必用） 柴胡（一、二钱，如无外
邪者，不必用）
水二钟，加生姜三、五、七片，煎八分，食远温服。
举元煎 治气虚下陷，血崩血脱，亡阳垂危等证，有不利于归、熟等剂，而但宜补气者，以此主之。
人参 黄 （炙，各三、五钱） 炙甘草（一、二钱） 升麻（五、七分，炒用） 白术（炒，一、二钱）
水一钟半，煎七、八分，温服。如兼阳气虚寒者，桂、附、干姜随宜佐用。如兼滑脱者
，加乌梅二个，或文蛤七、八分。
两仪膏 治精气大亏，诸药不应，或以克伐太过，耗损真阴。凡虚在阳分而气不化精者
，宜参术膏；若虚在阴分而精不化气者，莫妙于此。其有未至大病而素觉阴虚者，用以调元，尤称神妙。
人参（半斤或四两） 大熟地（一斤）
上二味，用好甜水或长流水十五碗，浸一宿，以桑柴文武火煎取浓汁。若味有未尽，再
用水数碗煎 取汁，并熬稍浓，乃入瓷罐，重汤熬成膏，入真白蜜四两或半斤收之，每
以白汤点服。若劳损咳嗽多痰，加贝母四两亦可。
贞元饮 治气短似喘，呼吸促急，提不能升，咽不能降，气道噎塞，势剧垂危者。常人
但知为气急，其病在上，而不知元海无根，亏损肝肾，此子午不交，气脱证也，尤为妇人血
I. The formulation of "Gufang" (Astringent Formulas) aims to secure and retain various types of leakage and incontinence. For instance, if chronic cough progresses to asthma with Qi dissipating upwards, the Lung should be secured; if prolonged seminal emission leads to stranguria with Essence escaping downwards, the Kidney should be secured; if urination is uncontrollable, the Bladder should be secured; if defecation is uncontrollable, the Intestines should be secured; if sweating is incessant, the skin and hair (Wei Qi level) should be secured; if bleeding is incessant, Ying and Wei should be secured. In cases of leakage caused by Cold, it should be secured with Heat-natured substances; in cases caused by Heat, it should be secured with Cold-natured substances. In summary, for conditions located upper or exterior, securing Qi is appropriate, as Qi primarily resides in the Lung; for conditions located lower or interior, securing Essence is appropriate, as Essence primarily resides in the Kidney. However, only deficiency patterns can be secured, not excess patterns; only chronic conditions can be secured, not acute/sudden onset conditions. Failing to secure when necessary is like letting a vast sea dry up; securing when unnecessary is like locking the door to prolong the stay of thieves. Both scenarios require careful deliberation.
II. The formulation of "Yinfang" (Etiological Treatment Formulas) targets conditions where treatment can be directed at the cause. Whenever diseases present with similar manifestations, they can be treated according to the syndrome, which is called Yinfang. For example, swelling from carbuncles and toxins can be treated with topical applications; venom from snake or insect bites can be resolved; heat from scalds or burns on the skin can be dispersed; fractures from falls or blows to bones and tendons can be reunited. All these are examples of treating based on symptoms/manifestations using herbs. However, there are situations within "etiology" that cannot be treated etiologically, specifically when syndromes appear similar but causes differ. Because individuals vary in deficiency/excess and cold/heat, and treatments for exterior/interior and Yin/Yang must be categorized, what suits one may not suit another, and what appears similar on the surface may differ internally. Therefore, although diseases may seem similar, if they involve internal injury, one must deliberate within the context of Qi and Blood whether etiological treatment is appropriate. One cannot assume that all formulas classified as Yinfang are universally applicable. The function of "Yin" includes targeting the branch (biao) and targeting the root (ben); do not misunderstand the meaning of "Yinfang" merely because of the character "Yin".
Dabu Yuanjian (Great Tonify Original Decoction) treats severe depletion of Qi and Blood in men and women, and critical conditions of spirit loss. This is the primary formula for reversing critical states, assisting transformation, saving the root, and cultivating original Qi. This formula should be considered alongside Yougui Yin (Right Restoring Decoction) below.
Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (Tonifies Qi and Yang, used as the chief ingredient: 1-2 qian for mild cases, 1-2 liang for severe cases) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 2 qian) Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix) (Tonifies Essence and Yin, used as the chief ingredient: 2-3 qian for mild cases, 2-3 liang for severe cases) Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex, 2 qian) Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2-3 qian; discard if diarrhea is present) Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus, 1 qian; discard if sour regurgitation or aversion to sour taste occurs) Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, 2-3 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1-2 qian).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, and take warm well after meals. If Yuan Yang is insufficient with marked coldness, add Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Pao Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum) etc., as appropriate. If Qi deficiency predominates, add Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) and Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma). If stomach stagnation is prominent, this formula is not suitable. If blood stasis exists, add Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) and remove Shan Zhu Yu. If sliding incontinence occurs, add Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus) and Gu Zhi (Psoraleae Fructus).
Zuogui Yin (Left Returning Decoction) is a formula for strengthening Water (nourishing Kidney Yin). It is suitable for conditions where Mingmen Fire is deficient and Yang is hyperactive due to Yin decline. It serves as the main formula for Yiyin Jian (One-Yin Decoction) and Siyin Jian (Four-Yin Decoction).
Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 2-3 qian, or up to 1-2 liang) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, 2 qian) Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, 2 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Fu Ling (Poria, 1.5 qian) Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus, 1-2 qian; use sparingly if aversion to sour taste exists).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, and take well after meals. If Lung heat causes irritability, add Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 2 qian). If blood stasis exists, add Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex, 2 qian). if Heart heat causes restlessness, add Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix, 2 qian). If Spleen heat causes easy hunger, add Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian). if Kidney heat causes bone-steaming and sweating, add Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex, 2 qian). if Heat in Blood causes reckless movement, add Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix, 2-3 qian). if Yin deficiency causes unrest, add Nv Zhen Zi (Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, 2 qian). if Upper Excess and Lower Deficiency exist, add Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, 2 qian) to guide downward. if Blood deficiency causes dryness and stagnation, add Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2 qian).
Yougui Yin (Right Restoring Decoction) is a formula for benefiting Fire (warming Kidney Yang). It is suitable for conditions where Mingmen Yang is deficient and Yin is hyperactive due to Yang decline. It is used interchangeably with Dabu Yuanjian. For conditions such as Yin excess repelling Yang or True Cold False Heat, add Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 2 qian); after decoction, cool the liquid in cold water before taking, which is excellent.
Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, as above) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 2 qian) Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus, 1 qian) Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, 2 qian) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 1-2 qian) Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex, ginger-juice processed, 2 qian) Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, 1-2 qian) Zhi Fu Zi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, 1-3 qian).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, and take warm well after meals. If Qi deficiency and Blood collapse occur, manifesting as cold limbs, coma, sweating, dizziness, false mania, or shortness of breath, significantly increase Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) as appropriate. if Fire failure fails to generate Earth, causing vomiting, hiccup, or sour regurgitation, add Pao Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum, 2-3 qian). if Yang decline and Middle Cold cause diarrhea and abdominal pain, add Ren Shen and Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen, 2-3 qian) as appropriate. if frequent lower abdominal pain occurs, add Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, 0.5-0.7 qian). if stranguria and leukorrhea persist, add Gu Zhi (Psoraleae Fructus, 1 qian). if Blood deficiency and stasis cause soft/painful waist and knees, add Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2-3 qian).
Zuogui Wan (Left Returning Pill) treats insufficiency of True Yin and Kidney Water, failing to nourish Ying and Wei, leading to gradual weakness, alternating deficiency heat, spontaneous or night sweating, spirit losing its residence, Blood not returning to its source, damage to Yin from deficiency/injury, uncontrollable seminal emission or stranguria, Qi deficiency causing fainting/dizziness, blurred vision/deafness, dry mouth/tongue, sore/weak waist and legs. For any condition involving internal deficit of Essence/Marrow and withered fluids, one should rapidly employ the method of strengthening the Master of Water to cultivate the Original Yin of the Left Kidney, so that Essence and Blood will naturally充盈. This formula is indicated.
Da Huai Shu Di Huang (Large Huai Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 8 liang) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 4 liang) Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, 4 liang) Shan Zhu Yu Rou (Flesh of Corni Fructus, 4 liang) Chuan Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, wine-washed, steamed, 3 liang; omit if seminal slipperiness exists) Tu Si Zi (Cuscutae Semen, processed, 4 liang) Lu Jiao Jiao (Deer Antler Glue, broken and stir-fried into beads, 4 liang) Gui Ban Jiao (Tortoise Shell Glue, chopped and stir-fried into beads, 4 liang; omit if no Fire heat exists).
First steam the Shu Di Huang until soft, pound into paste, add refined honey to form pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take over 100 pills before meals with boiling water or light salt water.
If True Yin is lost and Deficient Fire flares upward, use a pure Yin and extremely tranquil formula: remove Gou Qi Zi and Lu Jiao Jiao from this base, add Nv Zhen Zi (Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, 3 liang) and Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 3 liang). if Fire scorches Lung Metal causing dryness and cough, add Bai He (Lilii Bulbus, 3 liang). if night heat and bone-steaming occur, add Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex, 3 liang). if urination is difficult and unclear, add Fu Ling (Poria, 3 liang). if stool is dry and constipated, remove Tu Si Zi and add Rong Zhong (Cistanches Herba, 3 liang). if Qi deficiency exists, add Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 3-4 liang). if Blood deficiency with slight stagnation exists, add Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 4 liang). if waist/knee soreness and pain occur, add Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex, 3 liang) stir-fried with salt water. if Zang-Fu are peaceful without Fire but Kidney Qi is unfull, add Gu Zhi (Psoraleae Fructus, 3 liang), remove Lian Zi Rou (Nelumbinis Semen) and Hu Tao Rou (Juglandis Semen, 4 liang each), and omit Gui Ban Jiao. Since the five fluids are governed by the Kidney, all Yin-natured herbs can reach the Kidney; claims that guiding methods are strictly necessary reflect poor understanding.
Yougui Wan (Right Restoring Pill) treats insufficiency of Yuan Yang, congenital weakness, or excessive labor damaging Mingmen Fire, failing to generate Earth, resulting in Spleen/Stomach deficiency-cold, reduced appetite, vomiting/bloating, inverted stomach/choked esophagus, aversion to cold, frequent umbilical/abdominal pain, loose stools, frequent dysentery/diarrhea, involuntary urination, deficiency-stranguria/cold hernia, bi-pain of joints due to Cold invading valleys, or edema due to Water pathogen in Lower Jiao. In summary, those with True Yang insufficiency exhibit fatigue and timidity, palpitations/restlessness, inability to control limbs, visual hallucinations, or sterility due to Yang decline. One should rapidly benefit the Source of Fire to cultivate the Original Yang of the Right Kidney, thereby strengthening Spirit and Qi. This formula is indicated.
Da Huai Shu Di Huang (Large Huai Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 8 liang) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 4 liang) Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus, lightly stir-fried, 3 liang) Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, lightly stir-fried, 4 liang) Lu Jiao Jiao (Deer Antler Glue, stir-fried into beads, 4 liang) Tu Si Zi (Cuscutae Semen, processed, 4 liang) Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex, stir-fried in ginger soup, 4 liang) Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 liang; omit if loose stools) Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, 2 liang, gradually up to 4 liang) Zhi Fu Zi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, starting at 2 liang, gradually up to 5-6 liang).
Pill preparation as above, or form pills the size of bullet shots. Chew 2-3 pills at a time, swallowing with boiling plain water for faster effect.
If Yang decline and Qi deficiency exist, Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) must be added as the chief, either 2-3 liang or 5-6 liang, adjusting based on deficiency/excess. Ren Shen's efficacy enters Yang aspects with Yang herbs and Yin aspects with Yin herbs; to effectively tonify Mingmen Yang, Ren Shen is indispensable. if Yang deficiency causes seminal slipperiness, turbid leukorrhea, or loose stools, add Bu Gu Zhi (Psoraleae Fructus, wine-fried, 3 liang). if incomplete digestion or Kidney diarrhea persists, add Bei Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, 3 liang) and Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen, flour-fried to remove oil, 3 liang). if food intake decreases, digestion is difficult, or vomiting/hiccup/sour regurgitation occurs (signs of Spleen/Stomach deficiency-cold), add Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 3-4 liang, stir-fried yellow). if abdominal pain persists, add Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, 2 liang, soaked in water half a day, then fried). if waist/knee soreness/pain occurs, add Hu Tao Rou (Juglandis Semen with skin, 4 liang). if Yin deficiency causes impotence, add Ba Ji Tian (Morindae Officinalis Radix, 4 liang) and Rong Zhong (Cistanches Herba, 3 liang), or add 1-2 sets of Huang Gou Wai Shen (Canis Testis), boiled in wine until soft and pounded in.
Wufu Yin (Five Blessings Decoction) treats deficiency of Qi and Blood in all five Zang organs, worthy of being called the supreme King's Way formula.
Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, as needed, enters Heart) Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, as needed, enters Kidney) Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2-3 qian, enters Liver) Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 1.5 qian, enters Lung) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian, enters Spleen).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, take warm well after meals. Add 3-5 slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). This is the main formula for Qi and Blood dual deficiency. For warming needs, add Jiang (Ginger) and Fu Zi (Aconite); for dispersing needs, add Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix). It adapts flexibly to any situation.
Qifu Yin (Seven Blessings Decoction) treats dual deficiency of Qi and Blood, particularly affecting Heart and Spleen.
Same as previous formula plus Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 2 qian) and Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix, 3-5 fen, processed).
Yiyin Jian (One-Yin Decoction) treats Water deficiency and Fire excess, hence "One Yin". It is for True Yin/Kidney Water deficiency presenting with Yang-like pulses/symptoms, deficiency heat fever, and Yin-deficiency moving Blood. It is also for post-malaria/typhoid excessive sweating leading to weak pulse/Qi, persistent thirst, and tidal fever due to Yin injury and Water deficiency. Adjust this formula accordingly.
Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix, 2 qian) Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 3-5 qian) Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian) Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 2 qian) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, 1.5 qian) Dan Shen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, take warm well after meals. if Fire excess causes restlessness, dissolve Zhen Gui Jiao (True Tortoise Shell Glue, 2-3 qian) and take. if Qi deficiency exists, occasionally use Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1-2 qian). if Heart deficiency causes insomnia and sweating, add Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) and Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1-2 qian each). if excessive sweating and irritability occur, add Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, 10 grains) or Shan Yao/Shan Zhu Yu. if slight Fire heat is seen, add Nv Zhen Zi (Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, 1-2 qian). if Deficient Fire floats upward causing hematemesis or epistaxis, add Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1-2 qian) and Qian Cao (Rubiae Cordifoliae Radix, 2 qian), or Chuan Xu Duan (Dipsaci Radix, 1-2 qian) to astringe, which is also excellent.
Jiajian Yiyin Jian (Modified One-Yin Decoction) treats the same conditions as above but with more severe Fire.
Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix) (each 2 qian) Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 3-5 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 5-7 fen) Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex) (each 1 qian).
Add two zhong of water, decoct and take. if irritability, intense heat, and constipation occur, add Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2-3 qian). if hot/astringent urination occurs, add Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus, 1-2 qian). if Fire floats upward, add Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1-2 qian) or Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 qian). if Blood dryness/deficiency exists, add Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1-2 qian).
Er Yin Jian (Two-Yin Decoction) treats Heart Fire with Water failing to control it, hence "Two Yin". It is for fright/manic behavior, loss of will, excessive talking/laughing, or sores/rashes with heat/Blood loss.
Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix, 2-3 qian) Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 2-3 qian) Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 2 qian) Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix, 1.5 qian) Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 1-2 qian) Fu Ling (Poria, 1.5 qian) Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, 1.5 qian).
Add two zhong of water, add 20 Deng Cao (Junci Medulla) or Zhu Ye (Bambusae Folium), decoct to seven-tenths, take well after meals. if Phlegm dominates and Heat is severe, add Dan Xing (Arecae Semen Preparatum with Bovis Calculus, 9-times processed, 1 qian) or Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix, 1.5 qian).
San Yin Jian (Three-Yin Decoction) treats Liver/Spleen deficiency, Essence/Blood insufficiency, and Ying-deficiency Blood loss, hence "Three Yin". It is for Wind-Stroke where Blood fails to nourish tendons, or malaria with excessive sweating where pathogens have dispersed but chills/fever persist (Shaoyang/Jueyin Yin/Blood deficiency). If slight Fire exists, use Yiyin Jian; if no Fire, use this formula.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2-3 qian) Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 3-5 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, wine-fried, 2 qian) Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 2 qian) Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, as needed).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, take well after meals. if vomiting/nausea occurs, add Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3-5 slices). if excessive sweating and irritability occur, add Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, 14 grains). if excessive sweating and Qi deficiency occur, add Huang Qi (Astragali Radix, 1-2 qian). if dull lower abdominal pain occurs, add Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, 2-3 qian). if distension/stuffiness occurs, add Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 1 qian). if waist/knee/tendon/bone weakness occurs, add Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex) and Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix).
Si Yin Jian (Four-Yin Decoction) protects the Lung and clears Metal, hence "Four Yin". It treats Yin-deficiency consumptive disease, Minister Fire blazing, withered fluids with irritability/thirst, cough with hematemesis/epistaxis and heat.
Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix, 2-3 qian) Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 2 qian) Bai Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian) Bai He (Lilii Bulbus, 2 qian) Sha Shen (Glehniae Radix or Adenophorae Radix, 2 qian) Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Fu Ling (Poria, 1.5 qian).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, take well after meals. if night heat and night sweats occur, add Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex, 1-2 qian). if excessive phlegm and Qi abundance occur, add Bei Mu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus, 2-3 qian) and E Jiao (Asini Corii Colla, 1-2 qian); Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix) is also acceptable. if Metal and Water fail to nourish each other causing dryness/wheezing/cough, add Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 3-5 qian). if excessive sweating/insomnia and unsettled Spirit occur, add Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 2 qian). if excessive sweating with thirst occurs, add Bei Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, 14 grains). if Heat is severe, add Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex, 1-2 qian) stir-fried in salt water, or Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), using them according to upper/lower locations. if Blood dryness causes delayed menses and dryness/blockage, add Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, 2 qian). if Heat in Blood causes hematemesis/epistaxis, add Qian Cao (Rubiae Cordifoliae Radix, 2 qian). if excessive Fire causes dry stool or dry Lung cough, add Tian Men Dong (Asparagi Radix, 2 qian) or Tong Bian (Child's Urine). if Fire carries Blood upward, remove Gan Cao and add Chao Zhi Zi (Stir-fried Gardeniae Fructus, 1-2 qian).
Wu Yin Jian (Five-Yin Decoction) treats True Yin deficiency and Spleen-deficiency Blood loss, or mild diarrhea. The focus is on the Spleen, hence "Five-Yin". Avoid lubricating herbs; use this formula.
Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 5-7 qian or 1 liang) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 2 qian) Bian Dou (Vigna Radiatae Semen, stir-fried, 2-3 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1-2 qian) Fu Ling (Poria, 1.5 qian) Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, stir-fried yellow, 2 qian) Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, 20 grains) Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, as needed) Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 1-2 qian).
Add two zhong of water, add 20 Qu Xin Lian Zi (Nelumbinis Semen removed heart), decoct and take.
Daying Jian (Great Camp Decoction) treats True Yin/Essence-Blood deficiency, women's delayed menstruation/scanty Blood, waist/knee/tendon/bone pain, or Qi/Blood deficiency-cold causing heart/abdominal pain.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2-3 qian or 5 qian) Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 3-5, 7 qian) Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, 2 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1-2 qian) Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex, 2 qian) Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, 1.5 qian) Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, 1-2 qian).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, take warm well after meals. if Cold stagnation in meridians prevents Qi/Blood flow causing severe tendon/bone pain, add Zhi Fu Zi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, 1-2 qian) for efficacy. if turbid leukorrhea and abdominal pain occur, add Gu Zhi (Psoraleae Fructus, 1 qian) stir-fried. if Qi deficiency exists, add Ren Shen and Bai Zhu. if Middle Qi deficiency-cold causes vomiting/nausea, add Chao Jiao Gan Jiang (Stir-fried Scorched Ginger, 1-2 qian).
Xiaoying Jian (Small Camp Decoction) treats scanty Blood and Yin deficiency; it is a mild and balanced formula.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2 qian) Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 2-3 qian) Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, wine-fried, 2 qian) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 2 qian) Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, 2 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian).
Add two zhong of water, decoct to seven-tenths, take warm well after meals. if Ying deficiency upper-body causes fright/palpitations/insomnia/sweating, add Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) and Fu Shen (Poria with Hostwood, 2 qian each). if Ying deficiency with Cold exists, remove Bai Shao and add Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). if Qi stagnation with pain exists, add Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma, 1-2 qian) to guide movement.
Buyin Yiqi Jian (Tonify Yin and Benefit Qi Decoction) is a variation of Buzhong Yiqi Tang. It treats labor-fatigue injuring Yin, Essence failing to transform Qi, or internal Yin deficiency causing unresolved external contraction, alternating chills/fever/malaria, or Yin-deficiency constipation. For external invasion by deficient pathogens due to Yin insufficiency, this ascending/dispersing formula is miraculous.
Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1-3 qian) Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2-3 qian) Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, wine-fried, 2-3 qian) Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 3-5 qian or 1-2 liang) Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 1 qian) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 3-5 fen; omit if Fire floats upward) Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 1-2 qian; omit if no external pathogen).
Add two zhong of water, add 3, 5, or 7 slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), decoct to eight-tenths, take warm well after meals.
Juyuan Jian (Raise Origin Decoction) treats Qi deficiency sinking, metrorrhagia/hemorrhage collapse, and impending Yang collapse. It is indicated when Gui/Di are unsuitable and only Qi tonification is required.
Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Huang Qi (Astragali Radix, honey-fried, 3-5 qian each) Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1-2 qian) Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 5-7 fen, stir-fried) Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried, 1-2 qian).
Add one and a half zhong of water, decoct to seven-eight tenths, take warm. if accompanied by Yang deficiency-cold, add Gui (Cinnamon), Fu (Aconite), Gan Jiang (Ginger) as adjuvants. if accompanied by sliding incontinence, add Wu Mei (Mume Fructus, 2 fruits) or Wen Ge (Clam Shell, 7-8 fen).
Liangyi Gao (Two Principles Paste) treats severe Essence/Qi depletion unresponsive to other herbs, or True Yin damaged by excessive purgatives. For deficiency in Yang aspect where Qi fails to transform Essence, Can Zhu Gao (Ginseng-Atractylodes Paste) is suitable; for deficiency in Yin aspect where Essence fails to transform Qi, this paste is unparalleled. For sub-clinical chronic Yin deficiency, it is miraculous for regulating Yuan.
Ren Shen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 jin or 4 liang) Da Shu Di Huang (Large Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 1 jin).
Soak the two ingredients in 15 bowls of sweet or running water overnight. Decoct with Sang Chai (Mulberry firewood) using gentle to strong heat to extract thick juice. If flavor remains, decoct again with a few bowls of water, combine, and boil to concentrate. Pour into porcelain jar, double-boil into paste, add 4-0.5 jin of Zhen Bai Mi (Pure White Honey) to preserve. Take dissolved in white water. For consumptive cough with phlegm, add Bei Mu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus, 4 liang).
Zhenyuan Yin (Chastity-Origin Decoction) treats shortness of breath resembling asthma, rapid breathing, inability to lift Qi or swallow, airway blockage, critical danger. Laypeople think it is just upper respiratory urgency, not realizing it is Rootless Yuan Sea, Liver/Kidney depletion, Zi-Wu non-intersection, and Qi collapse, especially in women with Blood...