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Although the eyes are the orifices of the Liver, in reality, the essence and qi of all five zang organs and six fu organs ascend and pour into the eyes. Therefore, the red vessels belong to the Heart (Xin), the pupils belong to the Kidney (Shen), the white part (sclera) belongs to the Lung (Fei), the black part (cornea and iris) belongs to the Liver (Gan), and the eyelids/muscles wrapping the eye belong to the Spleen (Pi). Furthermore, the Taiyang channel forms the upper net, the Yangming channel forms the lower net, the Shaoyin channel circulates on the outside, and the Taiyang channel emerges from the inside; each part has its specific governance, so one can investigate the root cause by observing symptoms. However, when measles-rubella (or smallpox-like eruptions) affect the eyes causing obstructions and nebulae, it is mostly due to fire blazing internally and heat generating wind. The wind-heat scatters through various channels, often resulting in redness, swelling, and pain. Thus, treating this condition requires examining the affected organ system and regulating according to symptoms.

1. Daiyan Syndrome (Eyes fixed upward): After the pustule stage of eruptions, or following severe sweating or diarrhea, patients often exhibit eyes fixed upward or showing the whites of the eyes, known as "Daiyan." This occurs because essence and qi are depleted by pus, blood, sweat, and fluids, representing a syndrome of extreme deficiency and exhaustion of true yin in the Taiyang and Shaoyin channels. Since the Taiyang channel forms the upper net, blood depletion leads to tendon tension, causing the eyes to fix upward. Immediate vigorous supplementation of qi and blood is required, primarily using Liuwu Decoction (Six-Ingredient Decoction), Liuqi Decoction (Six-Qi Decoction), or Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Significant Tonifying Decoction). Those who mistakenly treat this as wind-heat and use dispersing methods only accelerate death. If this appears within seven days, it is generally incurable; similarly, cases with loss of spirit/consciousness and unresponsiveness are incurable.

2. Symptoms such as redness, swelling, pain, and nebulae caused by eruptions affecting the eyes are invariably attributed to wind-heat, so ancient formulas often employ agents that clear fire and disperse wind. The fire in eruptions originates internally. Since the eyes are the orifice of the Liver, and the Liver governs wind and wood with pathology manifesting in the eyes, it is termed wind-heat; however, wind actually arises from internal heat. Therefore, when treating red and painful eyes, one need not specifically treat wind; rather, treat the fire. Once the fire is eliminated, the wind naturally subsides. Why? Because internally generated wind differs from externally contracted wind. Externally contracted wind can be dispersed via ascending and releasing methods. However, applying ascending and releasing methods to internally generated wind intensifies the fire and raises the heat. It is common to see difficult-to-treat eye conditions where cold-natured herbs damage the Spleen; this is precisely due to the mixed use of ascending and descending therapies and imprecise medication. As the Classics state: "For those high up, suppress them." What does this mean? Regarding ancient treatments for fire-eye, formulas like Xigan San (Liver-Washing Powder), Xigan Mingmu San (Liver-Washing Brightening-Eye Powder), and Shaoyao Qinggan San (Peony Clearing-Liver Powder) are inferior to Longdan Xiegan Tang (Gentian Draining-Liver Decoction) from *Liangfang*, and Longdan Xiegan Tang is itself inferior to Jiawei Longdan Xiegan Tang (Modified Gentian Draining-Liver Decoction) in appropriateness.

3. For eruptions causing tearing, redness, swelling, pain, or excessive ocular discharge in the eyes, this indicates excessive Liver fire. It should be cleared and resolved using Jiawei Longdan Xiegan Tang (Modified Gentian Draining-Liver Decoction) or Chouyin Yin (Firewood-Drawing Drink), added with Equisetum Herba (Muzei) and Bombyx Batryticatus (Chantui). If constipation is present, Rhizoma et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang) may be added in small amounts.

4. For eruptions invading the eyes causing swelling and pain, or nebulae forming after eruptions, use Jili San (Tribulus Powder), Chanju San (Cicada-Chrysanthemum Powder), or Tongshen San (Spirit-Unblocking Powder), and wash externally with Qinpi San (Fraxinus Bark Powder).

5. For eye diseases post-eruption characterized by less heat and more wind, presenting as dim vision, astringency, pain, excessive discharge, tearing, photophobia, and nebulae, use Mimenghua San (Buddleja Flower Powder), also washing with Qinpi San (Fraxinus Bark Powder).

6. For eyes closed with tears after eruptions, unable to tolerate light, this is due to unclear internal fire being scorched by sunlight, causing photophobia. Use Xigan Mingmu San (Liver-Washing Brightening-Eye Powder).

7. For wind-toxin causing redness and ulceration of eyelids after eruptions, with pain, itching, dryness, astringency, photophobia, and excessive discharge, wash with Qinpi San (Fraxinus Bark Powder).

8. After eruptions crust over, if essence and blood are depleted leading to dry eyes, photophobia, short-sightedness, fatigue in opening eyes, or nebulae formation, use Siwu Tang (Four-Substance Decoction). In severe cases, use Liuwu Decoction (Six-Ingredient Decoction) added with Equisetum Herba (Muzei), Bombyx Batryticatus (Chantui), and Fructus Tribuli (Baibaili).

9. If eruption spots enter the eye on the sclera (white part), no treatment is needed as they will resolve spontaneously; however, if on the cornea/iris (black part), treatment is required to clear Liver fire.

10. Patients with eye heat must strictly avoid alcohol, pepper, ginger, beef, mutton, chicken, goose, duck, and all other hot-natured foods, including chicken and goose eggs, to prevent lingering illness.

11. For eruptions' heat-toxin damaging the eyes, necessary herbs include Radix Rehmanniae Preparata (Shengdi), Radix Paeoniae Alba (Shaoyao), Bulbus Ophiopogonis (Maidong), Fructus Gardeniae (Shanzhi), Radix Scrophulariae (Xuanshen), Semen Cassiae (Juemingzi), Flos Forsythiae (Lianqiao), Radix Scutellariae (Huangqin), and Rhizoma Coptidis (Huanglian). For Liver heat, use Radix Gentianae (Longdancao); for Yangming excess heat, use Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) and Radix Dendrobii (Shihu); for exuberant Kidney fire, use Cortex Phellodendri (Huangbai) and Radix Anemarrhenae (Zhimu); for heat in all three Yin channels, use Cortex Lycii (Digupi); for floating fire not descending, use Akebia Caulis (Mutong) and Alisma Rhizoma (Zexie); for persistent nebulae, use Equisetum Herba (Muzei), Bombyx Batryticatus (Chantui), and Fructus Tribuli (Baibaili); for qi deficiency, use Radix Ginseng (Renshen) and Radix Astragali (Huangqi); for blood deficiency, use Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Danggui) and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata (Shudi). However, for fire blazing upward, ascending herbs are contraindicated; for yin deficiency below, draining herbs are contraindicated. These are the general principles for treating eye diseases.

12. For protecting eyes during eruptions, Qian's Huangbai Gao (Phellodendron Ointment) is excellent. Apply to the area between the ear front, upper/lower eyelids, and cheekbones 3-4 times daily to protect eyes and reduce eruption density.

13. When using eye drops, if eruptions form in the eyes, or if triggering foods are consumed, or if heat-toxin is excessive and steams upward to the eye orifices causing heat-toxin or nebulae, do not recklessly use any eye drop preparations. These are either toxic or cold-natured, likely causing cold-heat conflict and harm. Only Jinlu San (Golden Dew Powder) is suitable; it may be used intermittently to relieve acute heat-toxin.

Mr. Xu stated: The toxin of eruptions moves from interior to exterior, hence eye disease occurs. Treatment should focus on invigorating blood and resolving toxin. Invigorating blood avoids excessive heat; resolving toxin avoids excessive cold. Once blood circulation is restored and toxin dissipates, the eye disease heals spontaneously.