仲景《论》曰∶太阳病,关节疼痛而烦,脉沉而细者,此名湿痹。其人小便不利,大便反快,
但当利其小便。曰∶湿家之为病,一身尽痛,发热,身色如熏黄。湿家,其人但头汗出,背强,欲
得被覆向火。若下之早则哕,胸满,小便不利,舌上如苔者,以丹田有热,胸中有寒,渴欲得水而
不能饮,口燥烦也。湿家下之,额上汗出,微喘,小便不利者死,利下不止者亦死。
《论》曰∶风湿相搏,一身尽疼痛,法当汗出而解,值天阴雨不止,医云此可发汗,汗之病不
愈者,何也?曰∶发其汗,汗大出者,但风气去,湿气在,是故不愈也。若治风湿者,发其汗,但
微微似欲汗出者,风湿俱去也。湿家,病身上疼痛,发热面黄而喘,头痛鼻塞而烦,其脉大,自能
饮食,腹中和无病,病在头中寒湿,故鼻塞,纳药鼻中则愈。病者一身尽疼,发热日晡所剧者,此
名风湿,此病伤于汗出当风,或久伤取冷所致也。
《论》曰∶伤寒八九日,风湿相搏,身体疼烦,不能自转侧,不呕不渴,脉浮虚而涩者,桂枝
附子汤主之。若其人大便硬,小便自利者,桂枝汤去桂加白术主之。风湿相搏,骨节烦疼,掣痛不
得屈伸,近之则痛剧,汗出短气,小便不利,恶风不欲去衣,或身微肿者,甘草附子汤主之。
Zhang Zhongjing stated in the "Discourse": In Taiyang disease (a syndrome caused by pathogenic factors affecting the Taiyang meridian), if there is joint pain accompanied by restlessness, and the pulse is deep and thin, this is named Damp-Bi (Dampness Bi-syndrome). The patient has difficulty urinating, while the stool is loose; treatment should focus solely on promoting diuresis. It is also stated: For patients suffering from dampness diseases, the entire body aches, fever occurs, and the complexion resembles the yellow hue of smoked tobacco. Such patients may only sweat on the head, experience stiffness in the back, and desire to cover themselves with blankets and seek warmth near fire. If purgation is applied prematurely, it leads to hiccups, chest fullness, difficulty urinating, and a tongue coating resembling moss; this is due to heat in the lower Dantian and cold in the upper chest, causing thirst for water but an inability to drink, resulting in dry mouth and irritability. If purgation is incorrectly used on dampness patients, leading to sweating on the forehead, slight asthma, and difficulty urinating, death ensues; similarly, unceasing diarrhea also results in death.
The "Discourse" states: When Wind and Dampness contend with each other, causing whole-body pain, the appropriate method is to induce sweating to resolve the condition. However, if continuous rainy weather persists and a physician recommends sweating therapy, yet the illness does not improve after sweating, why is this? The answer is: If sweating induces profuse perspiration, only the Wind pathogen is expelled while Dampness remains, hence the illness does not resolve. To treat Wind-Dampness, one should induce sweating such that the body appears slightly moist with perspiration; only then will both Wind and Dampness be eliminated. Patients with dampness diseases may suffer from body pain, fever, yellowish complexion, and asthma; they may experience headache, nasal congestion, and irritability, with a large pulse. Their digestion is normal, and the abdomen is harmonious without pathology. The disease lies in Cold-Dampness obstructing the head, causing nasal congestion; inserting medicinal herbs into the nose will lead to recovery. If a patient suffers from whole-body pain and fever that worsens in the late afternoon, this is named Wind-Dampness. This condition arises from exposure to wind during sweating or from prolonged exposure to cold.
The "Discourse" states: After eight or nine days of Cold Damage (Shanghan), if Wind and Dampness contend, causing severe body pain and restlessness, making it impossible to turn over independently, without vomiting or thirst, and with a floating, deficient, and choppy pulse, Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction) is the primary formula. If the patient has hard stools and spontaneous urination, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) with Cinnamon Twig removed and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma added is indicated. If Wind and Dampness contend, causing severe bone and joint pain, pulling pain preventing flexion and extension, extreme pain upon touch, sweating, shortness of breath, difficulty urinating, aversion to wind with a desire to keep clothes on, or slight bodily swelling, Gancao Fuzi Tang (Licorice and Aconite Decoction) is the primary formula.