既集唇形之条目。当集唇色之条目。诸书谓唇红紫者。热也。唇赤而吐者。胃热也。唇色赤黑者。胃中热也。
上下唇皆赤者。心热也。上唇赤。下唇白者。心肾不交也。唇色深红。洒淅寒热喘咳者。肺之虚热也。唇红喉
耳生疮。腹胀痛。身热。脉滑数者。蛔胀也。久病唇红者。难治也。唇舌鲜赤。腮红。发热。咳嗽喷嚏者。疹也。唇舌
鲜赤。腮红。发热。眼如醉眼而含泪。指梢冷者。痘也。脉大身热。不能饮食。舌赤唇红。喜饮冷水。频频下痢者。
噤口痢也。食入即吐。口渴思冷。呕吐酸涎。身热唇红溺赤者。热吐也。小儿唇红浓者。脾胃健。易养也。妇人
唇红浓者。冲脉盛。易产也。唇淡白者。虚也。唇惨白而吐者。胃虚也。唇白食少喘咳者。脾肺气虚也。朝食暮
吐。乳食不化。四肢逆冷。面唇色白者。寒吐也。唇色或红或白。胃口时痛时止。频呕清涎者。虫吐也。齿龈无
色。舌上白。烦愦不知痛痒之处。或喜眠。下痢者。虫蚀其肛也。面上白斑。唇红能食。颜色不常。脸上有蟹爪
路者。便有虫也。痛如咬心。时作时止。口吐清水。人中鼻唇一时青黑者。虫痛之证也。妊娠唇白者。血不足。
产或难也。唇白而地库光明者。病可治也。唇白目内 白。面瘦而白。四肢肿。或脑痛。脉跳而数者。心虚血
不足也。面唇清白。渴喜热饮。痢时肠鸣切痛者。此为寒痢。虚寒之证也。舌赤唇焦。喜饮冷水。腹中窘痛。溺
短色赤。频频下痢者。此为热痢。里热之证也。脾疳肚大青筋。唇口无色。人中平。痢不止者。不治之证也。唇
白如枯骨者。死证也。口噤唇青。舌本缩者。小肠寒也。唇口青白而黑者。寒也。唇青额黑者。血气虚怯。为冷
所乘也。卒厥唇口青者。身冷为入脏。即死。身温汗自出为入腑。即愈也。唇口俱青黑者。冷极也。筋不能转。
爪甲皆痛。舌卷唇青。转筋卵缩。 脉疼急。腹中绞痛。或便欲绝。不能饮食者。筋虚极也。笑而伸。伸而反忧。
热而且狂。闷乱冒昧。言多谬误者。此心已伤。若口唇正赤可疗。青黄白黑。不可疗也。唇青紫者。胃气虚寒
也。唇色黑瘀。目睛凸露。呼吸上逆者。哮喘也。干霍乱。吐泻不得。胸腹胀硬。手足冷过腕膝。脉伏喘急。舌卷
囊缩。唇青黑者。死证也。痈疽证。声嘶色脱。唇鼻青黑。面目四肢浮肿者。恶候也。唇青人中反者。三日死也。
病患唇青体冷。遗尿者。膀胱绝。四日死也。唇黑者。胃先病也。环口黧黑者。脾肾绝也。唇色如漆黑者。脾胃
将绝也。水病唇黑者。肝伤不可治也。两颧昏暗。唇色惨黑者。气不足。血已枯也。唇口青黑。吐逆。肠腹绞痛
不可忍。发狂。七窍迸血。或外肾胀大者。中砒霜之毒也。唇色青黑者。即刻身亡也。面青唇黑。面黑唇青者。
皆死证也。举体消瘦。语音沉涩。声如破鼓。舌强不转。而好咽唾。口噤唇黑。四肢不举。身体极重。便利无度
者。脾虚寒甚。则不可治也。此皆唇色之条目也。
Since the entries regarding the shape of the lips have been collected, the entries regarding the color of the lips should now be compiled. Various medical texts state that red and purplish lips indicate Heat (Re). Lips that are crimson and accompanied by vomiting indicate Stomach Heat. Lips that are crimson and black indicate Heat in the Stomach.
When both the upper and lower lips are crimson, it indicates Heart Heat. When the upper lip is crimson and the lower lip is white, it indicates a lack of communication between the Heart and Kidney. Deep red lips accompanied by aversion to cold and fever, wheezing, and coughing indicate Deficient Heat of the Lung. Red lips with sores in the throat and ears, abdominal distension and pain, body heat, and a slippery and rapid pulse indicate Ascariasis Distension (Hui Zhang - abdominal distension caused by roundworms). For patients with chronic illness, if the lips remain red, the condition is difficult to treat.
Freshly red lips and tongue, with red cheeks, fever, coughing, and sneezing, indicate Rash Disease (Zhen). Freshly red lips and tongue, red cheeks, fever, eyes appearing drunk and tearful, and cold fingertips indicate Pox Disease (Dou). A large pulse, body heat, inability to eat, a crimson tongue, red lips, preference for drinking cold water, and frequent dysentery indicate Jinkou Li (Throat-lock Dysentery). Vomiting immediately after eating, thirst with desire for cold drinks, vomiting of sour saliva, body heat, red lips, and dark urine indicate Hot Vomiting. In children, thick and red lips indicate strong Spleen and Stomach function, making them easy to raise. In women, thick and red lips indicate vigorous Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) Qi and Blood, facilitating childbirth.
Pale white lips indicate Deficiency.惨白 (Miserably pale) lips accompanied by vomiting indicate Stomach Deficiency. White lips with poor appetite, wheezing, and coughing indicate Qi and Blood Deficiency of the Spleen and Lung. Morning food vomited in the evening, undigested milk and food, cold extremities, and white facial and lip color indicate Cold Vomiting. Lips that are alternately red or white, intermittent stomach pain, and frequent vomiting of clear saliva indicate Worm Vomiting.
Colorless gums, a white tongue, mental restlessness without knowing where pain or itching is located, drowsiness, and diarrhea indicate intestinal parasites eroding the anus. White patches on the face, red lips indicating good appetite, variable complexion, and crab-claw-like lines on the face indicate the presence of parasites. Pain resembling heart-biting, intermittent onset, spitting of clear water, and simultaneous cyanosis of the philtrum, nose, and lips indicate Worm Pain.
White lips during pregnancy indicate insufficient Blood, potentially leading to difficult labor. If the lips are white but the Di Ku area (the skin below the nose tip) is bright and lustrous, the disease is treatable. White lips, white inner canthi, emaciated and white face, edema of the four limbs, or headache, with a jumping and rapid pulse, indicate Heart Qi Deficiency and insufficient Blood. Clear-white face and lips, thirst with preference for hot drinks, and borborygmus with cutting pain during dysentery indicate Cold Dysentery, a pattern of Empty-Cold.
Crimson tongue, scorched lips, preference for cold water, abdominal distress and pain, short and dark urine, and frequent dysentery indicate Hot Dysentery, a pattern of Interior Heat. Abdominal distension with visible blue veins in Pi Gan (Spleen Wasting), colorless lips and mouth, flat philtrum, and unceasing diarrhea indicate an incurable condition. Lips as white as dry bones indicate a Death Syndrome. Jaw stiffness, cyanotic lips, and retracted tongue base indicate Small Intestine Cold. Cyanotic, white, and black lips indicate Cold. Cyanotic lips and black forehead indicate Qi and Blood deficiency and timidity, invaded by Cold pathogen.
Sudden syncope with cyanotic lips and cold body indicates the pathogen has entered the Zang organs, leading to immediate death. Warm body with spontaneous sweating indicates the pathogen has entered the Fu organs, leading to immediate recovery. Cyanotic and black lips indicate Extreme Cold. Inability to move tendons, pain in all nails, rolled tongue, cyanotic lips, muscle spasms, and retracted testicles, with painful and urgent pulse, severe abdominal colic, inability to pass stool or eat, indicate Extreme Deficiency of Tendons. Laughing then stretching, stretching then becoming sorrowful, combined with heat, mania, confusion, and erroneous speech, indicates Heart damage. If the lips are correctly crimson, it is treatable; if cyanotic, yellow, white, or black, it is not treatable.
Cyanotic and purple lips indicate Deficient-Cold of Stomach Qi. Black and bruised lip color, protruding eyeballs, and upward reversing respiration indicate Asthma. Dry Huoluan (Stagnant Turmoil), inability to vomit or purge, chest and abdominal distension and hardness, cold hands and feet extending past wrists and knees, hidden pulse, rapid breathing, rolled tongue, and retracted scrotum with cyanotic-black lips indicate a Death Syndrome.
Severe carbuncles and ulcers with hoarse voice, depleted expression, cyanotic-black lips and nose, and edema of face, eyes, and limbs indicate a Malignant Sign. Cyanotic lips with reversed philtrum lines indicate death within three days. Patient with cyanotic lips, cold body, and enuresis indicates Bladder Qi exhaustion, death within four days. Black lips indicate initial disease in the Stomach. Blackness surrounding the mouth indicates exhaustion of Spleen and Kidney. Lips as black as lacquer indicate impending exhaustion of Spleen and Stomach. Edema with black lips indicates Liver injury, which is incurable. Dim bilateral malar regions and miserably black lips indicate insufficient Qi and exhausted Blood.
Cyanotic-black lips, vomiting and reflux, unbearable intestinal colic, mania, bleeding from seven orifices, or enlarged external genitalia indicate Arsenic poisoning. Cyanotic-black lips indicate immediate death. Blue face with black lips, or black face with blue lips, are all Death Syndromes. General emaciation, husky voice, sound like a broken drum, stiff tongue unable to turn, preference for swallowing saliva, jaw stiffness, black lips, inability to lift limbs, extreme heaviness, and uncontrolled bowel/bladder movements indicate Severe Spleen Deficiency-Cold, which is incurable. These are all the entries regarding lip color.