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Vertigo caused by various wind pathogens may stem from fire, phlegm, stasis blood (blood stasis) indicated by a choppy left pulse, or deficiency indicated by a large right pulse. Examining these descriptions of vertigo's pulse and symptoms requires differentiation. "Xuan" (dizziness/blindness) refers to eyes suddenly turning black or alternating between light and dark, with unstable vision. "Yun" (vertigo/dizziness) refers to a heavy, muddled sensation in the head, feeling as if rotating, dizzy and wanting to fall. Therefore, vertigo mostly belongs to various wind diseases, but it is not solely due to wind; some are caused by fire, some by phlegm, some by stasis blood (blood stasis), and some by deficiency. The nature of fire is to flare upward, striking the vertex, making its shaking and rotating characteristics self-evident. Turbid phlegm in the chest rises with qi, and turbid qi disturbs the interior of the head; it is impossible for one not to experience dizziness or vertigo. The pulse manifestation must be seen on the left side, because the left side corresponds to the Heart governing blood, the Liver storing blood, and the Kidney governing fluids, which is the source of blood. All yang meridians ascend to the head, and all vessels pour into the eyes. If blood stagnates, the vessels become congealed, choppy, sluggish, and unsmooth, causing vertigo to occur frequently. The pulse on the right hand must be large but forceless, because the right side corresponds to the Lung governing qi, the Spleen generating qi, and the Mingmen (Gate of Life) true fire being the root of qi. A large yet forceless right pulse indicates that vertigo due to qi deficiency can be known.

Headache often presents with a wiry or floating pulse; a tight pulse indicates cold, a surging pulse indicates heat, a fine pulse indicates dampness, a slow and slippery pulse indicates jue-type phlegm, a soft pulse indicates qi deficiency, a slightly choppy pulse indicates blood deficiency, a wiry and firm pulse indicates kidney jue, and a short and choppy pulse indicates true headache. This discusses the meaning of headache's pulse and symptoms. The head is the gathering place of the six yang meridians. A wiry pulse is a yin pulse; when evil binds externally and yang is constrained internally, how can there be no pain? Thus, headaches often present with a wiry pulse, but not always. There are cases where the pulse is floating and painful, indicating wind; tight and painful, indicating cold; surging and painful, indicating heat; fine and painful, indicating dampness; slow, slippery, and painful, indicating phlegm; wiry, soft, and painful, indicating qi deficiency; slightly choppy and painful, indicating blood deficiency; wiry, firm, and painful, indicating kidney deficiency. Rebellious qi of the Kidney (as stated in *Nan Jing* Chapter 60) constitutes jue-type headache.

If jue-type headache persists, it may enter the Kidney and become true headache. A short and choppy pulse indicates that shortness signifies yang collapsing upward, and choppy signifies yin declining downward. If cold hands and feet extend to the joints, death is certain and untreatable. Nevertheless, headache is not limited to these types; the five zang and six fu organs can all cause headache. This text merely lists the primary ones. One should carefully observe the pulse and accompanying symptoms to differentiate the zang-fu, yin-yang, cold-heat, and deficiency-excess conditions, thereby applying appropriate treatment, ensuring success in every case.

Pain in the heart and abdomen has nine categories: a fine and slow pulse is auspicious, while a floating and large pulse indicates a prolonged course. This discusses the meaning of heart and abdominal pain's pulse and symptoms. The categories of heart and abdominal pain are numerous; this mentions only nine, highlighting the essentials. They are categorized as Yin (fluid retention), Shi (food retention), Feng (wind), Han (cold), Re (heat), Ji (palpitations), Chong (parasites), Wu (sudden shock/antipathy), and Zhu (pestilential qi). Yin refers to phlegm-fluid; fluid retention in the middle jiao causes pain. Shi refers to food; food accumulation causes pain. Feng refers to wind pathogen; struggle between evil and righteous qi causes pain. Han refers to cold pathogen; coagulation and stagnation of Ying (nutritive) vessels cause pain. Re refers to fire; suppressed fire causes pain. Ji refers to palpitations; emptiness of middle qi causes pain. Chong refers to parasite accumulation; moving parasites attacking up and down cause pain. Wu refers to sudden shock; improper evil disturbing the clear pathways causes pain. Zhu refers to corpse-zhu (pestilential transmission); pain without fixed location, i.e., transmitting corpse qi. For the above pains, if the pulse appears fine and slow, it indicates reduced qi, leisurely movement, and衰退 of evil, which is auspicious. If a large and floating pulse appears, it indicates flourishing evil. An interior syndrome of the heart and abdomen presenting with an exterior pulse is highly inappropriate. Although it may not lead to death, recovery will be difficult.