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Non-toxic. Lactuca sativa (Wojü), grows in clusters.
Lactuca sativa var. crispa (Baiju) mainly tonifies the sinews and bones, benefits the five zang organs, opens stagnation of qi in the chest and diaphragm, unblocks the meridians, calms the spleen qi, makes teeth white, enhances hearing and vision, reduces sleepiness, and can be consumed regularly. (Recorded by famous physicians)
[Seedlings] (Chen Cangqi said) Baiju leaves resemble Wojü leaves with white hairs. Wojü is cold in nature and slightly toxic; the purple variety is used for calcination and medicinal preparation, while its other effects are the same as Baiju. (Shaoxing revised edition stated) Although Baiju and Wojü have two different names, their shapes differ slightly but they are essentially the same. Their properties are also not far from the bitter julienne mentioned earlier. Only Wojü is a common edible vegetable in the world; excessive consumption can impair eyesight. ○ According to strict analysis: Baiju is sown in early spring; its leaves resemble those of Vitex negundo, with serrated edges and soft texture, suitable only for raw consumption. In summer, when shoots are tender, peel and pickle the leaves for crisp and delicious eating, now known as Asparagus lettuce (Wusun).
[Origin] Found everywhere.
[Season] (Growth) Sprouts in spring. (Harvest) Collected in spring and summer.
[Medicinal Parts] Leaves, stems, and seeds.
[Texture] Leaves resemble those of Vitex negundo, small and soft.
[Color] Green.
[Taste] Bitter.
[Nature] Cold, with draining properties.
[Qi and Flavor] Strong flavor, yin in nature.
[Odor] Fishy.
[Therapeutic Effects] (Treatment) (Ben Cao Jing Jiu Yi says) Treats fish-umbilicus sores, where the head is white and swollen/painful, unbearable. First, prick the sore and surrounding areas with needles to make holes, then drip Baiju juice into the holes until healed. ○ Treats sandfly toxin by applying Wojü juice externally until healed. ○ Treats kidney jaundice using one he of Wojü seeds, finely ground, decocted in one large cup of water until reduced to half, strain, and take at any time.
[Contraindications] Baiju should not be eaten with maltose syrup, as it may cause parasitic diseases. People with cold qi deficiency and postpartum women should not eat it, as it causes cold invasion leading to lower abdominal pain.

Non-toxic. Climbing vine.
Malva verticillata (Luokui) mainly lubricates the intestines and dissipates heat. ○ The fruit mainly beautifies and moistens the face. (Recorded by famous physicians)
[Names] Tiankui, Tengkui, Hu Yanzhi, Huateng, Fanlu, Chenglu, Western vegetable.
[Seedlings] (Tu Jing says) Climbing vine, leaves resemble apricot leaves, round, dense, and tender. Commonly planted in households, climbing fences and trees. When tender, vines and leaves are picked to make soup, which is very slippery, hence the name Huateng. Its fruits resemble Schisandra chinensis, green when raw and black when ripe, turning purple when crushed. Women use it soaked to apply on the face as artificial rouge, commonly called Hu Yanzhi. Used medicinally in small amounts.
[Origin] Available everywhere.
[Season] (Growth) Sprouts in spring. (Harvest) Collected in spring and summer.
[Storage] Sun-dried.
[Medicinal Parts] Vines and leaves.
[Color] Green.
[Taste] Sour.
[Nature] Cold.
[Qi and Flavor] Weak qi, strong flavor, yin in nature.
[Odor] Fishy.
[Combined Treatment] Steam seeds, sun-dry them, remove shells, take kernels, grind finely, mix with white honey, and apply to the face to make skin fresh and attractive.
[Contraindications] Do not eat this vegetable if suffering from dog bite wounds; ingestion will result in lifelong non-healing.