重，镇虚逆，养阴血
苦寒。养血气，平血热，入肝与心包，专治二经血分之病，吐衄崩带，胎动产难，小儿
慢惊（赭石半钱，冬瓜仁汤调服），金疮长肉（仲景治伤寒汗吐下后，心下痞硬、噫气，用
代赭旋复汤。取其重以镇虚逆，赤以养阴血也。今人用治膈噎甚效）。 红醋淬，水飞用。
干姜为使。畏雄、附。
涩，止血
酸涩气平。专入肝经血分。能化瘀血为水，止金疮出血（刮末敷之即合，仍不作脓。《
局方》治损伤诸血，胎产恶血、血晕，有花蕊石散），下死胎胞衣（恶血化则胞胎无阻）。出
陕华代地。体坚色黄。 研，水飞用。
燥温，治目疾
甘温。阳明胃经药。受金、银之气，金胜木，燥胜湿，故止血消肿，收湿除烂，退赤去
翳，为目疾要药。产金银坑中，金银之苗也。状如羊脂，松似石脂，能点赤铜为黄（今之黄
铜，皆其所点也）。 红、童便淬七次，研粉，水飞用。
重，补肾命
咸温。补右肾命门。治阴痿精乏，子宫虚冷，腰膝冷痹，水肿症瘕（寇宗 曰∶凡石药
冷热皆有毒，宜酌用。按∶经曰，石药发癫，芳草发狂。芳草之气美，石药之气悍。二者相
遇，恐内伤脾）。出齐州阳起山，云母根也。虽大雪遍境，此山独无。以云头、雨脚鹭鸶毛
、色白滋润者良（真者难得）。火 、醋淬七次，研粉，水飞用。亦有用烧酒、樟脑升炼取
粉者。桑螵蛸为使。恶泽泻、菌桂。畏菟丝子。忌羊血。
[Daizhe Shi] (Hematitum)
Heavy in nature, it anchors deficiency-type rebellious Qi and nourishes Yin blood.
Bitter and cold. It nourishes Qi and blood, pacifies blood heat, enters the Liver and Pericardium channels, and is specifically indicated for diseases of the blood aspect of these two channels, such as hematemesis (vomiting blood), epistaxis (nosebleed), metrorrhagia (profuse uterine bleeding), leukorrhea, restless fetus, dystocia, and slow convulsions in infants (for which Hematitum half a qian is taken, mixed with water decoction of Benincasa hispida seed). For metallic wounds to promote flesh growth: Zhang Zhongjing used Daizhe Xuanfu Decoction to treat post-Febrile Disease cases where sweating, vomiting, or purging led to epigastric fullness and hardness with belching; this utilizes its heaviness to anchor deficient rebellion and its red color to nourish Yin blood. Currently, it is also highly effective for treating dysphagia (obstruction in the chest/diaphragm).
Processing: Quench in red vinegar, then use the water-grinding method (shui fei).
Incompatibilities: Zingiberis Rhizoma (Shengjiang/Dried Ginger) acts as an assistant; adverse reaction with Realgar and Aconite Root.
[Huarui Shi] (Calcitum Rubrum)
Astringent in nature, stops bleeding.
Sour and astringent, neutral in qi. Specifically enters the blood aspect of the Liver channel. It can transform stasis into fluid and stop bleeding from metallic wounds (apply powder externally for immediate healing without suppuration). The *Ju Fang* contains Huarui Shi San for various traumatic bleeds, lochia retention, and syncope due to blood loss; it also expels dead fetus and placenta (as evil blood dissipates, the pathway for the fetus and membranes becomes unobstructed). Originates from Huaizhou, Shaanxi. Hard texture, yellow color. Grind and process via water-grinding method.
[Tongqing] (Chalcanthum / Copper Acetate)
Drying and warm in nature, treats eye diseases.
Sweet and warm. A herb for the Yangming Stomach channel. It absorbs the qi of Metal and Silver; since Metal overcomes Wood and dryness overcomes dampness, it stops bleeding, reduces swelling, dries dampness, heals sores, clears redness, and removes corneal opacities, making it a key herb for ocular disorders. Produced in gold and silver mines, considered the "sprout" of gold and silver. Resembles mutton fat, loose like mineral pitch, and can turn red copper yellow (modern brass is produced by this method).
Processing: Quench seven times in red vinegar and child's urine, grind into powder, and process via water-grinding method.
[Yangqi Shi] (Actinolitum)
Heavy in nature, tonifies the Kidney Mingmen.
Salty and warm. Tonifies the Right Kidney Mingmen. Treats impotence, scanty essence, cold deficiency of the uterus, cold bi syndrome in waist and knees, edema, and zheng jia masses (accumulations). Kou Zongshi stated: "All mineral drugs, whether cold or hot, possess toxicity and should be used with caution." As stated in the Classics: "Mineral drugs may induce mania/depression; aromatic herbs may induce frenzy." Aromatic herbs have beautiful fragrant qi, while mineral drugs have fierce and harsh qi. If they meet, there is fear of internal damage to the Spleen. Originates from Yangqi Mountain in Qizhou, being the root of Muscovite mica. Although snow covers the region, this mountain remains free of snow. The best quality has cloud-head, rain-foot, and egret-feather patterns, with white and moist appearance (genuine ones are rare).
Processing: Calcine in fire, quench in vinegar seven times, grind into powder, and process via water-grinding method. Some use distilled spirits and borneol for sublimation to obtain powder. Sangpiaoxiao acts as an assistant; adverse reaction with Alisma Rhizome and Cinnamomum Cassia Bark; adverse reaction with Cuscuta Seed. Avoid sheep blood.