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Salty. Enters the Foot Jueyin Meridian (Liver Meridian of Foot-Jueyin). Its function is specifically to treat relapse of febrile diseases due to overexertion (Laofu). Dropped into the nostrils with human milk and child's urine, it treats retroversion of the pupil (pupillary deviation).

Salty in flavor and warm in nature. Enters the Hand and Foot Taiyin Meridians (Lung and Spleen Meridians) and Jueyin Meridians (Pericardium and Liver Meridians). Its function is specifically to greatly tonify Qi and Blood. It treats all forms of deficiency consumptive damage and extreme depletion. It addresses symptoms such as mental confusion, loss of will, and epilepsy. The best quality comes from a woman who has had her first pregnancy without illness, characterized by a purple color. Wash clean, steam with wine, bake, and grind. When combined with Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata), Tiantong (Asparagi Rhizoma), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), and Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex), it tonifies the Kidney and benefits Essence. Kanqi inherits the Qi of the Heart and Kidney. When combined with Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Shexiang (Moschus), it treats persistent umbilical discharge. When combined with human milk and Zhusha (Cinnabaris), it resolves fetal toxins and treats smallpox. Burned to ash, decocted, and taken orally, it treats malaria.

Sweet, bland, and flat in nature. Enters the Hand Taiyin Meridian (Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin). Its function is specifically to nourish Lung Yin, resolve phlegm, and stop coughing. It is tonifying yet clearing. It is considered a supreme medicine for regulating deficiency consumptive disorders and tuberculosis (Laozai). All diseases resulting from Lung deficiency, where clear and descending functions fail, can be treated with this. It opens stomach Qi, stops chronic dysentery (Laoli), and benefits children's smallpox/rash. Old brown rice is preferred. For throat closure preventing swallowing, with the patient already unconscious, apply swallow nest mud mixed with Xionghuang (Realgar) soaked in Gaoliangjiu (Sorghum Wine) to both sides of the external throat/pharynx, leaving a narrow slit in the middle, which immediately allows swallowing. If the jaw is tightly closed, first rub the gums with Wumei (Mume Fructus), then apply swallow nest mud etc. externally to the throat for optimal effect. Swallow nest feet are called Xueyan (Blood Swallow Nest), red-purple in color, with similar functions. Heavy in nature, reaching downward, slightly salty and moistening downward, it excellently treats dysphagia (Yige). Fake swallow nests have no edges or hairs, or only slight hairs, white like silver threads; taking them is of no benefit.

Pungent and cold. Enters the blood level of the Hand and Foot Jueyin Meridians. Its function is specifically to dissipate blood stasis and brighten the eyes. When combined with Shijueming (Haliotidis Concha) and pig liver, it treats nyctalopia (night blindness). Wash clean and bake. It is incompatible with Baiwei (Cleomidis Radix) and Bailian (Puerariae Lobatae Radix). For pediatric [convulsions/worms], carry Yemingsha (Stercoris Noctuae) in a red gauze bag. "Qi" refers to a childhood ghost/spirit. Also known as Tianshushi.

Sweet and warm. Both aroma and flavor are strong. Enters the Foot Jueyin Meridian. Its function is specifically to dissipate blood stasis and relieve pain. When combined with Puhuang (Typhae Pollen), it treats abdominal pain. It treats stabbing pain from lochia after childbirth. Mixed with Xionghuangjiu (Realgar-infused Wine) and applied topically, it treats snake bites. Contraindicated for those with blood deficiency without stasis. Incompatible with Renshen (Ginseng Radix). Grind into powder, wash with wine to remove sand/gravel, and use. Raw form promotes blood circulation; stir-fried form stops bleeding. Mixed with oil and applied as a powder paste, it is effective for treating leprosy/fungal skin diseases (Fenglai). Also known as Hahaichong.