甘，温，无毒。活血消肿敷毒。
瘰 未破，用花二钱，沉香五钱，芫花炒三钱，入大鲫鱼腹中，以鱼肠封固，酒水煮熟
食之
。（验方第一。）
古方用实，今惟取仁炒用。
甘，寒，无毒。入手太阴肺。下气定喘，止嗽消痰。泻火润肺，滑肠止血。平乳痈而通
乳汁
，疗胸痹而涤胸郁。解赤白热痢，通二便秘涩。泻者忌用。
所在有之。蔓生，叶如甜瓜而小薄。七月开花浅黄色。结实在花下如拳，秋月采实。
痰嗽不止，蒌仁一两为末，文蛤七分，姜汁澄浓丸弹大，含化之。（验方第一。）
干咳无痰，蒌实一枚，绞汁入蜜，加白矾一钱，熬膏常含咽之。（第二。）
咳而有痰，蒌实十个，白矾二两，同捣为饼，阴干为末，丸豆大，每五十丸。（第三。）
热咳不止，浓茶一盅，蜜一盅，蒌实去皮，将瓤入茶蜜中，去子，蒸熟常食之。（第四。）
痰咳胸满有热，心下塞者。用子同半夏丸服。姜下。（第五。）
肺痿嗽血，蒌实一个，乌梅肉十个，杏仁二十个，焙末，每用一撮，猪肺一片，掺末入
内，炙熟食之。（第六。）
酒痰咳嗽，同青黛、姜汁丸，每含化之。（第七。）
饮酒发热，方同上。（第八。）
酒痞，胁胀时呕，同神曲末，每葱水下二钱。（第九。）
小儿痰喘咳，内热，蒌仁为末，白面合饼，炙黄为末，每汤下一钱，日三。蒸饼食亦可。
（第十。）
妇人犯热痰咳，经不调，蒌仁、青黛、香附为末，蜜合含化。（十一。）
痰咳胸满，气塞，蒌仁炒，丸豆大，每三十。（十二。）
小儿黄胆，蒌实为末水下，下黄水为度。（十三。）
酒疸。同上。（十四。）
吐血不止，蒌实泥固煨之，每末服三钱。（十五。）
下鲜血，蒌实烧末，同赤小豆末，每酒下一钱。（十六。）
面黑令白，蒌净瓤三两，杏仁一两，猪胰一具，杵如膏，每夜涂之。（十七。）
下胞衣，用仁为末，酒与童尿煎。（十八。）
乳痈初发蒌实大者一个，酒煎取汁。（十九。）
诸痈发背初起。同上。（二十。）
便毒初起，蒌实、黄连水煎服。（二十一。）
栝蒌薤白白酒汤 蒌实（一枚） 薤白（三两） 白酒（一斤。）
治胸痹气短，喘息咳唾，胸背痛，寸口脉沉而迟，关上小紧数者。（诸方第一。）
栝蒌半夏汤 前方加半夏半斤。
治胸痹不得卧，心痛彻背。（第二。）
小陷胸汤 蒌实（一枚） 半夏（半斤） 黄连（一两。）
治小结胸，疼痛只在心下，寸关浮滑。心不热者去黄连。（第三。）
SweeT, warm, non-toxic. Invigorates blood, reduces swelling, and applies to toxic sores.
For scrofula (tuberculous lymphadenitis of the neck) that has not yet ulcerated, use 2 qian of Rosa chinensis flower, 5 qian of Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, and 3 qian of dried Rhizoma Daphnes (stir-fried). Place them inside a large crucian carp, seal with fish intestines, cook thoroughly in wine and water, and eat. (Verified Formula No. 1.)
Ancient formulas used the fruit; nowadays only the seed is taken, stir-fried before use.
Sweet, cold, non-toxic. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Directs qi downward, calms asthma, stops coughing, and resolves phlegm. Purges fire, moistens the lungs, lubricates the intestines, and stops bleeding. Calms mastitis and promotes lactation; treats chest bi syndrome by clearing chest stagnation. Resolves dysentery with red and white discharge; unblocks constipation of both bowels and bladder. Contraindicated for those with diarrhea.
It grows everywhere. It climbs as a vine; leaves resemble those of sweet melon but are smaller and thinner. Flowers are pale yellow in July. Fruits form beneath the flowers, fist-sized. Harvest fruits in autumn.
For persistent phlegm-cough: Grind 1 liang of Trichosanthis Semen into powder. Mix with 7 fen of Clam Shell (Wenge), clarified ginger juice, and form pills the size of a bullet. Suck slowly. (Verified Formula No. 1.)
For dry cough without phlegm: Take one Trichosanthes Fruit, squeeze out the juice, mix with honey, add 1 qian of Alum, boil into an ointment, and suck/swallow frequently. (No. 2.)
For cough with phlegm: Take ten Trichosanthes Fruits and 2 liang of Alum. Pound together into cakes, dry in shade, grind into powder, and form pills the size of beans. Take 50 pills each time. (No. 3.)
For persistent heat-cough: Take one cup of strong tea and one cup of honey. Peel the Trichosanthes Fruit, put the pulp into the tea and honey, remove seeds, steam until cooked, and eat regularly. (No. 4.)
For phlegm-cough with chest fullness and heat sensation, and epigastric stuffiness: Use Trichosanthes Seed mixed with Pinellia Ternata Pill, taken with ginger decoction. (No. 5.)
For lung atrophy with coughing blood: Take one Trichosanthes Fruit, ten pieces of Smoked Plum Flesh, and twenty Almonds. Roast and grind into powder. Each time take a pinch, insert into one slice of pig lung, roast, and eat. (No. 6.)
For alcohol-induced phlegm cough: Mix with Cyanide Powder (Qingdai) and ginger juice to form pills; suck slowly each time. (No. 7.)
For fever after drinking alcohol: Same formula as above. (No. 8.)
For alcohol-related痞 (fullness/stagnation), distension in hypochondrium, and occasional vomiting: Mix with Endowed Qu Powder (Shenqu), take 2 qian each time with green onion water. (No. 9.)
For pediatric phlegm-wheezing cough with internal heat: Grind Trichosanthis Semen into powder, mix with wheat flour to make a cake, roast until yellow, grind into powder. Take 1 qian each time with rice soup, three times daily. Steamed bread can also be eaten. (No. 10.)
For women suffering from heat-phlegm cough and irregular menstruation: Grind Trichosanthis Semen, Cyanide Powder (Qingdai), and Cyperi Rhizoma into powder, mix with honey, and suck slowly. (No. 11.)
For phlegm-cough with chest fullness and qi obstruction: Stir-fry Trichosanthis Semen, form pills the size of beans, take 30 each time. (No. 12.)
For pediatric jaundice: Grind Trichosanthes Fruit into powder, take with water. Continue until yellow fluid is discharged. (No. 13.)
For alcohol jaundice: Same as above. (No. 14.)
For uncontrollable hematemesis: Wrap Trichosanthes Fruit in mud and bake/roast it. Grind into powder, take 3 qian each time. (No. 15.)
For lower gastrointestinal bleeding: Char Trichosanthes Fruit, grind into powder, mix with Adzuki Bean powder, take 1 qian each time with wine. (No. 16.)
To darken skin and make it fair: Take 3 liang of purified Trichosanthes Pulp, 1 liang of Almonds, and one pig pancreas. Pound into a paste. Apply nightly. (No. 17.)
To expel placenta: Grind Trichosanthis Semen into powder, decoct with wine and child's urine. (No. 18.)
For early-stage mastitis: Take one large Trichosanthes Fruit, decoct with wine to extract juice. (No. 19.)
For early-stage various carbuncles and back abscesses: Same as above. (No. 20.)
For early-stage inguinal abscess: Decoct Trichosanthes Fruit and Coptis Rhizome in water and take orally. (No. 21.)
Gualou Xiebai Baijiu Tang (Trichosanthes, Allium Macrostemon, and White Wine Decoction): Trichosanthes Fruit (one piece), Macrostemon Allium Stem (3 liang), White Wine (1 jin).
Treats chest bi syndrome with shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing/spitting, chest and back pain, deep and slow pulse at Cun Kou, and slightly tight and rapid pulse at Guan. (Formula No. 1 among all formulas.)
Gualou Banxia Tang (Trichosanthes and Pinellia Decoction): Add Pinellia Tuber (half jin) to the previous formula.
Treats chest bi syndrome where the patient cannot lie flat, and heart pain radiating to the back. (No. 2.)
Xiao Xianxiong Tang (Minor Chest-Trap Decoction): Trichosanthes Fruit (one piece), Pinellia Tuber (half jin), Coptis Rhizome (1 liang).
Treats minor chest-trap syndrome, where pain is localized only in the epigastrium, with floating and slippery pulses at Cun and Guan. If the heart is not hot, remove Coptis Rhizome. (No. 3.)